Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Case Study

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS), previously known as Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy Syndrome (RSD), is a chronic neuro-inflammatory disorder (Sebastian, 2011). This disorder is characterized by persistent, on-going pain and disability. According to the Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy Syndrome Association (RSDA), up to two hundred thousand people in the United States are affected with the disorder every year (“Telltale Signs and Symptoms of CRPS/RSD,” n.d.). Although anyone can be diagnosed with this syndrome, it is most commonly seen in women versus men (3.5:1), and in individuals around age forty (“Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Fact Sheet,” 2013; Goebel, 2011). Unlike most syndromes, diseases, or other illnesses, there is no statistical data available for the mortality rates of CRPS since people do not die from the syndrome. However, those with CRPS may die due to the complications associated with CRPS on the various bodily organ systems including: the cardiac system, respiratory system, musculoskeletal system, endocrine system, urological system, and gastrointestinal system (Schwartzman, 2012).

In October 2007, a nine-year-old Ophelia Brown started experiencing extreme pain in both of her knees. After numerous hospital visits, X-rays and MRIs, she was given a “clean bill of health (cite)” by doctors. However in 2012, she was referred to a rheumatologist at the Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO), where she was diagnosed with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). CRPS is a neuropathic disorder that is caused by damage to the peripheral and central nervous systems, which then causes the pain to radiate through the limbs. Ophelia experiences “every type of pain”, according to her mother, Sheila Craig and this pain is treated with drugs and physiotherapy. Specifically, Ophelia takes anti-anxiety drugs and a muscle relaxant.

In second grade I was first diagnosed with Complex Regional Pain Disorder, witch rendered me paralyzed for six months. CRPS is a nervous system disorder that causes stabbing, burning, constant, severe pain that can come on for no reason. It can cause spasms of muscles and in blood vessels, as well as cause emotional disorders from the trauma that it inflicts. For me, I was left with depression and anxiety over the unknown of when it would next return. I relapsed eighth grade and just last year, continuing through today. I am not shy over talking about the things that ail me, and, I think, my experiences give me more of a say than most to address Nancy Mairs’s essay than it does those who have yet to experience such setbacks in life.

In order to establish a treatment, plan it is important to set goals for this patient. In general goals for RA include early recognition and diagnosis, referral to a rheumatologist, and tight control and low disease activity (Cohen & Cannella, 2017). There are also scales that need to be completed by the NP and patient to determine how the treatment is working for a patient. When setting goals, it is important to determine a successful way to evaluate this patients' pain. In the older population it is common for pain to be under treated and part of the cause of this is because the assessment for pain is not matching the patients' needs. Once a successful evaluation has been chosen for this pain it would be important to use this same

History: She has had problems with joints for many years, getting gradually worse. She had her right hip replaced in the last few years and has been left with chronic lateral hip pain and has been told she has a trochanteric bursitis. The latter was injected with good result, however, the response was only a few weeks. She complains of pain in her shoulders, hands, knees, and feet. Her jaw gets sore, more on the right. Her joints ache all the time, especially at night and often keep her awake.

Complex regional pain syndrome (CPRS) formerly known as reflex sympathetic dystrophy is an autonomic and central nervous system disease that results in an individual’s experiencing chronic pain (Ferrillo, 2016). Pain usually happens in one or more generalized region of the extremities, such as the arms, hands, legs, or feet, but can also affect other parts of the body. Although the particular origin of the disease is undetermined, the majority of the time CRPS is caused by a significant trauma; such as a fracture, sprain, burn, cut, bruise, limb immobilization, or a surgical procedure (Ferrillo, 2016). CRPS stems from a neurological dysfunction that generates severe pain, mild or dramatic changes in skin color, temperature, and swelling in the affected area (National Institute of Neurological disorders and Stroke, 2015). There are two types of complex regional pain syndrome, type I is no apparent nerve injury and may it develop following a noxious event that may or may not have been traumatic. Types II develop after a nerve injury of the affected area (Carr, Cerda, & Fiala, 2016).

Hello, I am Lisa Proctor and this is After CRPS (WEBCAST). Today I thought I could talk to you about "Complex Regional Pain Syndrome and what I have learned it is." ............. Complex Regional Pain Syndrome aka "The Suicide Disease" is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the following criteria... Pain which is out of proportion to the injury; autonomic dysregulation; neuropathic edema; movement disorder, as well as atrophy and dystrophy of the muscular tissue........................ It is most often caused by a fracture, soft-tissue injury or surgical procedure. CRPS was previously known within the medical community as reflex sympathetic dystrophy CRPS type 1 and Causalgia CRPS type 2...... Interestingly enough, the differences

Jack Ma, one of the world's most influential businessmen, known for his philosophy of business once said, “Never give up. Today is hard, tomorrow will be worse, but the day after tomorrow will get better” (Jack Ma). This quote is my motto and has pushed me through tough times in my life. One major challenge in my life is living with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS), as it affects me daily, yet CRPS has taught me several valuable lessons.

I hurt…Over the many year’s now of dealing with the disease commonly referred to today as Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS), this simple yet weighted term of “I hurt” has become imprinted upon my brain. This term has also become synonymous in describing how I feel to every physician, family member, and friend, when describing the chief symptom with CRPS. What is also troubling, is all the additional place's I hurt now since being diagnosed with this disease.

Title: Complex Regional Pain Syndrome(CRPS) Speaker: Janell Cordero Specific Purpose: To inform my audience of the causes, symptoms, and treatments of CRPS. Thesis Statement: Complex Regional Pain Syndrome is an interesting medical condition that has a in depth definition, multiple causes, unique symptoms, and different Attention Getter: Personal anecdote about my experience with Complex regional pain syndrome.

This is a 94 years old female resident at Derby health and Rehab. Pt have two problem seen today, impaired tissue integrity and acute pain. What I learned although pain is subjective, if a pt is in acute pain is frequently associated with anxiety and hyperactivity of sympathetic nervous (eg tachycardia, increased respiratory rate and BP, diaphoresis, dilated pupils). Also I learned impaired tissue integrity if untreated can cause risk for infection and the necrosis (dead tissue) can lead to systemic

Myofascial pain syndrome, otherwise known as MPS, is a chronic pain disorder. The word myofascial broken apart means muscle, and muscle tissue, and fascia which is the membrane supporting muscles. In the condition of MPS, pressure on sensitive points in the muscles, also known as trigger points, cause pain in the muscle. Sometimes the trigger points also send pain to other parts of your body that seem unrelated to the tense muscle, known as referred pain. Myofascial pain syndrome typically occurs after a muscle has been contracted repetitively. Although everyone experiences muscle tension and pain, the discomfort associated with MPS will persist and worsen over time.

The cause of complex regional pain syndrome is unknown and many causes of CRPS occurs after a forceful trauma to an arm or a leg, such as crush injury, fracture, amputation, surgery, infections etc. Usually the distal limbs are affected. Single limb in the early stages, lower limbs in the children and upper limbs in adults1-2

It has been established that there are at present no adequate forms of preventing CIPN (Cavaletti, 2014). Additionally, CIPN is often under-rated and under-reported particularly as patients do not like to miss treatments (Stubblefield et al., 2009). Therefore, comprehensive evaluations using standardized and sensitive assessment tools to prevent severe neurotoxicity are a critical step for early intervention. According to Stubblefield et al. (2012), it is essential a baseline assessment including any preexisting neuropathy and predisposing factors, such as diabetes, be performed prior to initiation of treatment. This baseline assessment should include not only subjective symptoms, but assessment of strength, reflexes and

Through the use of clinical evidence-based journals clinicians are able to understand more clearly the diseases pathophysiology and treat patients with this painful syndrome. In the most common type of TN, most patients experience “arterial compression of