Kayla Grkinich
October 27, 2017
Topics in Modern Art
Module 16: Final Paper
Die Brücke and Der Blaue Reiter
German Expressionism is an art movement that began and thrived during the beginning of the twentieth century. Expressionism, as it suggests, expresses an emphasis on emotional subject matter. These emotions are conveyed in Expressionist art through thematic context, and also by the use of technique and medium. German Expressionist artists strayed far from the academic influences that were being taught in art schools during this time. They thought of new techniques to create expressive art. Two of the famous art associations that were fundamental to Expressionism were Die Brücke and Der Blaue Reiter. One group focused on the idea of placement and form, while the other focused on the idea of psychological emotions.
The first German Expressionist art association was Die Brücke or "The Bridge." This group was formed in 1905 in Dresden, Germany (Die Brücke Movement 1). Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Erich Heckel, Karl Schmidt-Rottluff, and Fritz Bleyl were the founders of this art association. They became the pioneers of Expressionism in Germany. These artists played an important role in the development of modern art during this time. This group eventually pushed German Expressionism and Modern art into the international avant-garde scene (Die Brücke Movement 1). Ernst Kirchner and his colleagues formed this association because they disliked the contemporary art that was
The expressionist movement emerged in two separate cultural hearths in Germany. Centered in Dresden, a group of artists known as Die Brücke (The Bridge), “wanted to create a radical art that could speak to modern audiences, which they characterized as young, vital, and
German Expressionism is a kind of art that is supposed to make you feel something. When you look at a painting such as “The Scream” by Edvard Munch (1863-1944), you ask yourself what kind of emotions does this painting give you. A group of early 20th century German artists used the term “expressionism” to desribe the way they produced art. The title later turned into “German Expressionism”. This art movement was prominent during 1905-1925. In German it is known as “Die Brucke” and “Der Blaue Reiter”. Unlike Impressionism, its goals were not to reproduce the impression by the surrounding world, but to express the artists feelings on the surrounding world. Expressionism comes from the route word “expression” which
Art of the Egyptians and Africans express ………………………..In art, style is a characteristic, or a number of characteristics that we can identify as constant, recurring, or coherent.(Art Terminology 1) Artists express their emotions through their art-making, their finished product will reflect that emotion. They might also create a piece of art that makes the viewer create an emotional response. Emotion is any strong agitation of the feelings actuated by experiencing love, hate, fear, etc.(Dictionary 1)
Expressionism can be described as a movement in the fine arts that emphasized the expression of inner experience rather than realistic portrayal, looking to obtain not objective reality, but the subjective emotions and responses that objects and events arouse in the artist. Several characteristics of expressionism are distortion, exaggeration, primitivism, and fantasy. “The Green Table,” a ballet by Kurt Jooss, 1932, is an ideal example of expressionism because it depicts the choreographer’s personal interpretation of war through the use of movement, music by Fritz Cohen and lighting by Hermann Mankard.
Art has evolved and regenerated itself many times during our human existence. These differences are defined through changes in styles under various theories. During the nineteenth and early twentieth century, a style known as Expressionism became popular. During this movement the artists were trying to use their artwork as a tool of expression toward life. It was mainly dominant in the nonrepresentational arts, such as abstract visual arts and music. It also was probably one of the most difficult movements to understand because the whole point of the piece lay within the artist. Not only was it a movement, it defined the act of art as a whole. From the beginning of time, each work of art, excluding replicas, show a way of expressing
A wide array of ideas and concepts are used to determine the categorization for post-modernism, expressionism, and formalism. Post-modernism is typically categorized by everyday movements. It is said by some that one does not even need be a dancer in order to do this style of choreography. It is similar to contemporary dance which is a combination of modern and post-modern dancing. Expressionism is basic movement with the intent of expressing an emotion or feeling behind it. Expressionism originated in Germany and can be easily identified when associated with “story-telling” or the conveyance of an emotion. Formalism is categorized by very structured and specific movement. Its counterpart could arguably be expressionism because formalism is
The University Theatre main stage production, Quake, by Melanie Marnich can be understood well through the lens of Expressionism. Expressionism is an artistic movement that was most prevalent in Germany in the early twentieth century. However, it was an international movement with roots in medieval art forms. The goals of expressionism are “to strongly impose the artist's own sensibility to the world's representation,” presenting an intense expression of reality through the eyes of an individual. This representation is meant to capture the true essence of the thing being represented. Many expressionistic works were an attempt to represent subjective states of mind realistically. Dreams were common subjects of expressionistic art, being entirely subjective experiences. While Quake may not be considered a strictly expressionistic play, an audience member may come to appreciate the production more if
German Expressionism was a movement that started in the 1920’s soon before as well as after World War I occurred. The country was overwhelmed with major economic, social and political problems that the amount of reparation for the costs of war was over the roof. “In 1916, Germany’s government had banned foreign films but the demand from theaters to generate films led to an increase in domestic film production from 24 films in 1914 to 130 films in 1918” (INSERT) With inflation on the rise, Germans were attending films more freely because they knew that their money’s value was constantly decreasing. The movement was meant to stray away from realism, with set designs that were often unrealistic featuring hard and dark shadows, jagged lines and
The influence of German Expressionism, French Impressionism, and Soviet Montage in The Lodger is visible in the Expressionist mise-en-scene, subjective camera work, and montage editing. Expressionist filmmakers used distortion and highly stylized sets, costumes, and makeup, theatrical acting, and chiaroscuro lighting. Also, they favoured studio shooting, which gave them control over the mise-en-scene. Unlike the Expressionists, the Impressionist filmmakers favoured shooting on location.
German Expressionism in The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari David Hudson from GreenCine.com argues that, “[Horror]…the social milieu is sketched and the political and psychological undercurrents of German Expressionism are drawn out.” Robert Weine’s classic horror film, “The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari,” is no exception as it is based on the main character Francis (Friedrich Fehér) and his recollections of the murderous Dr. Caligari, and his somnambulist partner in crime, Cesare. This film being noted as the first of the German expressionist movement, incorporates mise en scène visual elements composition and setting to generate an awareness between the audience and the unconventional expressions of the film. The setting of this film emulates German
Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, a dexterous and influential german expressionist, during the revolution of german art, once stated, “Everyone who renders directly and honestly whatever drives him to create is one of us." To clarify, Kirchner, establishes the idea that in art history, expressionists illustrate the significance of conveying feelings and emotions in their artwork in preference of considering a simulacrum; an image that is not influenced by the original artwork. Expressionists emphasize the role that picturesque colors, shades, lines, bold outlines and other artistic features play in enhancing the emotional effect of their artwork on their audiences. Expressionists incorporated diverse techniques in their
As one of the founding members of the die Brücke movement, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner’s influence on German expressionism, and modern art as a whole, is undeniable. While appearing to fulfill the stereotypical troubled artist trope, Kirchner’s work has been praised more so for his innovation in expression and technique rather than as a result of his personal demons. Images such as Marcella, Berlin Street Scene, and Street, Dresden have been complimented as inventive and stylistic, a true introduction to modern German art (Rhodes). The overarching loneliness that the artist confessed to feeling throughout his life did however have a significant influence on the subjects represented in his art. Countless scenes he created depict this loneliness, isolation,
Abstract Expressionism is making its comeback within the art world. Coined as an artist movement in the 1940’s and 1950’s, at the New York School, American Abstract Expressionist began to express many ideas relevant to humanity and the world around human civilization. However, the subject matters, contributing to artists, were not meant to represent the ever-changing world around them. Rather, how the world around them affected the artist themselves. The works swayed by such worldly influences, become an important article within the artists’ pieces. Subjectively, looking inward to express the artist psyche, artists within the Abstract Expressionism movement became a part of their paintings. Making the paintings more of a representation
world as did in the Paris to New York shift of the 1940's and 1950's.
Before minimalism in the 1950s, the dominant art movement in the United States was Abstract Expressionism. The artists at that time’s goal were to express their personal emotions through their artwork (“Introduction to Minimal Art”). One popular branch of Abstract Expressionism was called Action Painting. This style of painting was spontaneous; paint would be