Copernicus's Role In The Scientific Revolution

In, The Wealth of Nations, Smith explained why capitalism is the most known economic system. He gives credit to the defenders of the principle parrot his basic arguments. The theme of The Wealth of Nations is what Smith's supporters called the doctrine of laissez-faire capitalism. This doctrine had the world of economics functions under natural laws. It operated exclusively on politics. Government in the economic order of things did not like these natural laws, and said the laws disrupted the nation's economy. The hands-off policy permits citizens to complete economic freedom, and shows that governments could promise the growth of a nation's wealth. Smith realized that under a free enterprise system, individuals would pursue their own self-interests. He said that selfish individuals need competition, so

In the 17th Century, there was much controversy between religion and science. The church supported a single worldview that God’s creation was the center of the universe. The kings and rulers were set in their ways to set the people’s minds to believe this and to never question it. From these ideas, the Enlightenment was bred from the Scientific Revolution.

the heliocentric solar system. Johannes Kepler further modified the heliocentric system, by mathematically showing that the planets’ orbits are elliptical. With his invention of the telescope, Galileo made new observations about the solar system and found mathematical laws that described the movement of the planets. Later, Isaac Newton established a universal law of gravity. With the new scientific discoveries, the gap between religion and science increased. Science revolutionized the human though and its understanding of the universe.

(Doc C) “He developed a theory of the universe that was adopted by most scholars during the Middle Ages” That theory was called the Geocentric Universe, which is a model that states the Earth is in the middle of the solar system and the sun orbits around it. Shortly after that time period A Polish astronomer named Copernicus “relying on mathematics and observations, he developed a new understanding of the universe” Called the Heliocentric Universe, which states the sun is in the middle of the solar system and the earth orbit it. With newer evidence it was easy to prove that Copernicus was true and till this day this is the model we all adapt to and

In 1776, Smith published, “Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations” showing his beliefs on how economies should be run as a best-case scenario. Concurrently, America was at war with Great Britain and established its own government, one that Smith’s ideas in his article possess. Smith later wrote an article called, “Theory of Moral Sentiments” which shows many ideas of Smith. He believed that there should be a system of virtues created for both commercial and noble use. Commercial virtues could be used in the business sense, for self-interest in getting ahead. Noble virtues included ideas such as friendship, compassion, kindness, and love that should be used on a personal but also economic level. These moral theories showed that Smith was for capitalism, but for it to be used with virtues created that show that opportunities can be created by oneself, but also to look at the aspect of being a noble, caring person. Smith, being a philosopher and economist, stated that people cannot judge others without creating bias, but this idea of a personal bias needs to be put away and not thought of when judging others. By doing this, a better, fairer judgment would be created about the person. Smith also believed in a system of economics that used “free-trade”. This idea of free trade would help individuals with creating opportunities to benefit and earn money that can be used to purchase goods. This cycle of earning money and then purchasing goods would help grow the economy, create capital, and create businesses owned by everyday

Deductive Reasoning — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.|

Prior to the 18th century, the European mindset was based on religion and superstition, with the church at the forefront. In the realm of science, people had accepted without question what they deemed to be irrefutable theories of “natural philosophy”, such as Aristotle’s “common sense physics” and Ptolemy’s geocentric view of the universe. But due to the rediscovery of classical learning, new technology such as the printing press, international competition, and many other factors, in the 18th century humanity began to make significant steps in progress during the Scientific Revolution. The Scientific Revolution then inspired a period of time known as the Enlightenment, or the Age of Reason, in which men discovered ideas and principles that would eventually alter the global mindset and served as a major turning point in European society. Despite these enormous changes, however, the Enlightenment did not serve all areas of European society; concepts such as peasantry, serfdom, sexism, and social inequality found little improvement in this era.

First, deductive reasoning is “a truth-guaranteeing type of reasoning, meaning that if the premises of a deductive argument are correct, then the conclusion must inescapably

Deductive pattern or deductive reasoning uses facts, rules, definitions, or properties to arrive to a conclusion. It follows this sequence: Problem/introduction, recommendations, backgrounds/facts, and discussion/solutions. The problem/introduction talks about the reason of the report. Recommendations precisely and concisely state the recommendations resulting from the analysis. Background/facts provide relevant information and details that concerning issues. Discussion/solutions discusses the issues, develops the arguments, analyses the aspects of the problem, and demonstrates evidence for the report’s assertions. An example of deductive

The 17th century was full of challenges to the authority of the Catholic Church. Many of these challenges were indirectly related to the Church’s power, as they indicted the Church’s teachings rather than its authority. Those who disagreed with the Church formulated various theories that were oppositional to those of the Church. In 1609,

The world of astronomy is filled with famous names, such as Galileo and Newton. However, one of the most significant astronomers during the Renaissance era was Nicolaus Copernicus. Copernicus's first interest in astronomy blossomed into a life of creating astronomical theories. These theories would not only shape the world of science, but transform the Renaissance and history itself. Nicolaus Copernicus was an extremely significant figure in history because he was a scientist, he challenged the RCC, he used Classical World ideas, and he modeled the spirit of the Renaissance.

Adam Smith, an Enlightenment economist, advocated for a laissez-faire approach to the economy, leaving the citizens the right to control their economic system. He recommended that the government deregulate trade and allow people to be “perfectly free to pursue his own interest in his own way.” (Doc C) Since people work for their own benefit, Smith argued that the workers, while striving for their own economic gain, would ultimately benefit the entire society, “led by an invisible hand,” (Doc C) which would equate the supply and demand of the free market. By giving people the right to decide how the

Nicolaus Copernicus was an astronomer who arose the Heliocentric Theory which caused the scientific revolution. Copernicus discoveries were very important, and impacted science to this day. Copernicus constructed his data from his astronomical observations of sun-centered cosmology. The Heliocentric theory is the belief that the sun is in the center of the universe and all the planets revolve around it. The Heliocentric Theory contradicts The Geocentric. “Copernicus's heliocentric solar system named the sun, rather than the earth, as the center of the solar system”. (http://www.biography.com/).

The Scientific Revolution not only led to countless inventions that changed the way of life, but changed people’s perspectives on many subjects such as the natural world. Copernicus changed the traditional view of the universe from an earth centered theory to a sun centered theory based on data collected from his predecessors in the field of astronomy. The key to proving this new view of the universe was the collaboration of other scientists, such as Galileo, and the usage of new astronomical instruments, particularly the telescope. The telescope allowed systematic observations of the universe, which ultimately supported the heliocentric view of the universe. This new view questioned everything that was fundamental to the Christian faith, which infuriated the Catholic Church (Spielvogel 475-480, 493).