Developing Prejudice Against Airplanes
With Classical Conditioning
Submitted By: Montana Campbell
810069443
Danielle DiFonzo
N01026731
Submitted For: Neil McGrenaghan
Date: 1/12/2014
Code: PYSC 150-0BX
Table of Contents
Section Page #
Introduction 3
Classical Conditioning vs. Prejudice 3
Classical Conditioning Diagram 5
Conclusion 9
References 10
Introduction
The purpose of this assignment is to find an example of prejudice and explain how classical conditioning influences your opinions on it. Generally, these opinions are negative and it is often very difficult to make these conditioned responses, back to a neutral response due to person experience. The topic we chose is flying in an airplane and how all the negative attention airplanes have gotten in the past 15 years has significantly influenced peoples depictions of flying.
Classical Conditioning vs. Prejudice
The theory of classical conditioning can explain the origins of prejudice because:
General:
Prejudice by classical conditioning is based on personal experiences or something that you have learned from/been taught. This creates a response either in a negative/positive way and heavily influences on whether you are for/against the topic or item.
Fear is generally classically conditioned; our response to our fear would be in a negative
How Lauren learned she had a fear in flying? Using the Classical Conditioning theory the possibilities could be endless. Classical conditioning in simple terms is the method in which one determines why and the cause of a condition as well as what has brought it about. There are many stimulus both conditioned and unconditioned that can cause fear or other problems, but the major reason for causes regarding the fear of flying has been mentioned in several articles regarding anxiety disorders.
Prejudice is explained and illustrated with examples deriving from culture and treatment of African Americans and how society perceives them to be. The definition of Prejudice is, “An unfavorable opinion or feeling formed beforehand or without knowledge, thought, or reason”(Dictionary.com) The majority of humans tend to judge individuals by appearance rather than personality. Prejudice and appearance are prevalent in Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein as well as today’s culture which has consequences regarding race, age, religion, etc.
The definition of prejudice may vary among the different psychologist but most will agree that prejudice has something to do with prejudgment, typically negative, about a group. (Fiskie, 1998; Jones, 1997; Nelson, 2002 ). According to Plous (2003), Prejudice is not exactly considered an opinion, but an attitude which includes feeling such as hating the group, rather than believing they’re bad. Within psychology, we can link prejudice with discrimination and stereotyping (Plous, 2003). Although each may go together, they can be done separately. Prejudice and discrimination are most likely absent in a positive stereo type (Plous, 2013). For example describing an ethnic group as “family oriented”. Stereo typing does little to no harm without discrimination or prejudice. A generalized form of prejudice may lack discrimination and stereo types, such as being against foreigners.
Prejudice is “an adverse opinion or leaning formed without just grounds or before sufficient knowledge” (Merriam); according to Lystra Moore Richardson of Yale University: “prejudice… was part of the very fiber of Southern life [during the Great Depression].” With these two pieces of information, it is derived that people formed judgments and opinions of a person without just
Jonathan Rauch, while making it obvious that prejudice is one of the worst things about society today, he explains that it lies within us all. It is in fact, inherent. To believe that someone is prejudice, means you’re prejudice. There’s no escaping it. He starts off his piece by addressing
What is Prejudice ? Prejudice : is an unjustified or incorrect attitude towards an individual based solely on the individual's membership of a social group. In this particular part of West Memphis Arkansas, it was very quiet and very conservative place. They believed in southern values and they
Prejudice is the preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience. In
Thesis: Prejudice is a prejudgment based on the preconceived ideas without knowing or experiencing the real person or the culture.
Prejudices are most difficult to eradicate from the heart whose soil has never been loosened or fertilized by education: they grow there, firm as weeds among stones.
Prejudice is the harm or injury to someone that results or may result from some action or judgement.prejudice happened back then and today, the holocaust is a good example of prejudice action.In the play diary of anne frank; Adofl Hitler tried to create a master race so he killed all the jews; he thought they should not live. So Anne and all the rest of the poeple went into hiding to surviv the killing of th jews, but ended up in a interment camp.
An example of experience forming prejudice could be seen in peoples feeling about Pitbulls. The Pitbull is not born aggressive and violent to people or other animals but turns this way when it get of abused, neglected or trained by people to be aggressive. But people put them in the savage beast category because a few abused, neglected or trained to be aggressive Pitbulls went haywire and harmed someone
Prejudice is a burden that confuses the past, threatens the future and renders the present inaccessible. (Maya Angelou) By definition prejudice is a preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience. Prejudice to others is hate, judgement, and evil. The effects of prejudice are shown in the novel The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian, the novel To Kill a Mockingbird, the play The Merchant of Venice, and the tragedy known as the Holocaust. Prejudice affected all people differently, but one thing is true for all; prejudice is crippling and disables those who experience it from being who they truly are and doing as they please.
To begin, socialization or having one’s upbringing (family, media, etc.) teach and perpetuate prejudice. According to social cognitive theory, through direct instruction, modeling, and other social influences on learning, prejudice is viewed as an attitude that is formed as other attitudes are formed. For instance, the media,
own conscious awareness of it. An example of this prejudice that anyone can encounter in their
Classical conditioning involves deciding whether positive or negative regard is felt towards an attitude object that has previously been associated with either a pleasurable or un-pleasurable event (Lord 1997).