Devil Facial Tumor Disease Analysis

What are the most common genetic/chromosome changes related to this form of cancer? Which genes are responsible? Where are these genes located? How are the genes different from normal individuals?

Tasmanian devils have been at the top of the Australian predators. They are one of the deadliest animals in Australia. They are the size full a full grown furry cat. They are full black and have a white stripe in front of their chest. They mainly feast on meat, they are carnivores. They eat snakes and little animals. From eating the tiny rodents and animals, one major downfall has come into play, the Devil Facial Tumor Disease.

The ability to recognize SSWD in its early stages is detrimental to differentiating healthy and infected stars, however the early stages can be difficult to detect even for a trained eye. To better analyze the rate of SSWD researchers distinguish the symptoms by categories of infection. Category 1 consists of small lesions on the limbs that can be mistaken for scars or wounds from a bird, this is the stage that is most often overlooked. Following small wounds the internal organs will emerge from the lesions followed by the loss of one or more limbs. The final category results in the loss of three or more limbs and the eventual death of the organism. Researchers document the species affected as well as the severity and local population density to determine the species most impacted by the

Devils are ferocious beasts and that is just what the Tasmanian devil is. The Tasmanian Devil is Australia's top predator and its icon animal. These creatures have developed a disease over the past 20 years called Devil Facial Tumor Disease. This causes large lumps of cancer on the face and neck. This is transferred from one to another with contacts such as a bite and once it has gone into the devils system they can die within 6 to 12 months.

Transmissible cancers are rare and only 2 other forms of cancer are known to be transmissible, the canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT) and marine bivalve cancer (nature communications). Transmissible cancers act differently to other cancers. This is because transmissible cancers are spread between individuals of a population through direct contact, much like how a disease is spread. Whereas other cancers are caused by a mutation causing uncontrolled cell division resulting in a tumour. DFTD is spread throughout the devils by direct contact, most commonly biting. The cancer is mainly spread during fights for mates, food and land however some are spread during mating itself (pnas). Bites between the devils enable a living cancer cell to be transferred between the individuals therefore colonising another host (UOC). DFTD was found to originate from a female host that carried a mutation in a nerve cell. Once transmitted the cancer cell causes tumours to grow on the face and inside the mouth area of the devil, once they reach a certain size they cause the devil’s to starve to their death due to not being able to eat as a result of the size of the tumour (live science Devilish). DFTD has spread to cover almost all the populations of Tasmania causing the population of Tasmanian devils to drop by 95% since discovering the disease (nature

After several days of making many new discoveries about the devils, my group and I concluded that the markings on the devil’s faces were mainly due to the Devil Facial Tumor Disease (DFTD). As an oncologist, I was quite aware that tumors and cancer were not contagious and could not be passed to another organism through any form of contact. Through this information, it did not make sense that this tumor disease would be spreading throughout a whole region, and eliminating a population so rapidly. I was aware that cancer could be caused by many factors, including: aging, tobacco, radiation, sun exposure, viruses, and chemicals; all of which cause cancer through manipulating cells. Cancerous cells are very different from regular cells, and are irregularly shaped, have a high nucleus to cytoplasm ratio, and often times have

At the same time, bacterial colonies are needed to be placed into PCR, and use photograph of gel to determine the size of tetracycline resistance genes to distinguish the bacteria. It is relevant to research 1 because serial dilution is the first step to get colonies' samples that is further being used to distinguish plasmids. It is also relevant to research 2 because serial dilution is also the first step to count the frequency of tetracycline resistant. Week 2: Experiment Part B By placing the bacteria into the PCR machine, much more copies of genes would be made to make them visible under electrophoresis, which can then be compared with control ladder to distinguish the kind of bacteria.

Cancer is a disease that over the years seems to occur more and more amongst, not only the human race, but animals as well. Signs of cancer are not always evident and can go unseen.

On the Australian island of Tasmania it is home top predator. The Tasmanian devil has been one of the top predators for more than a century in Tasmania but within the last 20 years they have been attacked by a disease, that is threatening their existence. This deadly disease they have been given is called Devil Facial Tumor disease (DFTD).

Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii) populations on the island of Tasmania have experienced a rapid decline during the past twenty years due to the spread of a cancer called Devil Facial Tumor Disease or DFTD. DFTD is a deadly contagious cancer that is characterized by red oozing lesions or tumors that form on the face and mouth of the Tasmanian devil. The cancer spreads from one devil to another when a DFTD infected devil bites a healthy devil thereby infecting the open wounds with cancer cells. Once contracted the devil dies within six months due to infection or starvation because the tumors in mouth hinder feeding. However, researches lead by biologist Andrew Storfer have discovered that some Tasmanian devil populations have evolved a

Tasmanian devils have been under attack with a deadly disease. The devils facial tumor disease can cause lumps on the devils face and neck. The lumps on the devils face causes them to not be able to eat, breath, or drink anything. DFTD has been around for over 20 years. Devils are also known to carry cancer. The DNA of the devils divides uncontrollably that it can form a tumor. Once they get infected they die between a year. Some of the devils are able to survive but most are not. By 2016 scientist discovered a new illness, they called it DFTD2.

Twenty years ago, an aggressive disease, termed devil facial tumour disease (DFTD), began to decimate the Tasmanian devil population in Tasmania. Astonishingly, researchers found it bared a similarity to the oldest known transmissible cancer cell line, canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT). These transmissible cancers are perfect examples of how the evolution of this disease can be affected by differences in key factors that permit transmission.

At the latest report, Devil Facial Tumor Disease has spread across 60 percent of Tasmania's land surface, and in some areas, especially where it got its earliest start, the devil population seems to have declined by as much as 90 percent. In November, the Tasmanian government classified the devil as "endangered." DFTD specialists differ strongly on how such a crisis should be met. One view is that suppressing the disease- trapping and euthanizing as many infected animals as possible and then establishing barriers, as on the Forestier Peninsula-is the best strategy. Another view is that the species, virtually doomed on mainland Tasmania, can be better saved by transplanting disease-free devils to a small offshore island. Still another view,

A carnivorous marsupial, the Tasmanian Devil, has been suffering greatly from DFTD (devil facial tumor disease) - but why the population has been so susceptible to DFTD is another question. Tasmanian devils have low genetic diversity, and this factor contributes to why DFTD is so immensely affecting this population. The Tasmanian Devil’s low genetic may have been caused by the widespread killing of the marsupial by bounty hunters, leaving the species with descendants from the same small population. This resulting low genetic diversity from not having a very diverse selection of mates leads to small variation in the genes for their immune systems, which may contribute to the rapid spread of

The DNA sequencing of syn3 strain genome has 10 differences with the newly sequence. These were either simple insertions or deletions. There are nearly 100 loxPsym[2] markers (The markers that are added at the end of unessential