Theses. Major players in this pivotal point in European history included Christian humanists such as Desiderius Erasmus, the Kings of France and England, the Holy Roman Emperors and at the center of it all; the Catholic Church. Luther’s publication of the 95 Theses, its’ rapid dissemination due to the technological advance of the printing press (1440), and a European population of lay Christians, Royalty, and Clergy alike primed to take on the excess and singular religious hold of the Catholic Church
from medieval to the dawn of modern times Different from the feudal differences of medieval times, Renaissance Europe was shaped by growing national and political centralization, an urban economy based on organized commerce and capitalism, and growing lay control of secular thought and cultureThe Italian City State 2. Growth of City-States When commerce revived in the eleventh century, Italian merchants mastered the organizational skills needed for trade: book-keeping, scouting new markets, securing
Mr. Dunbar AP European History Chapter 10 Outline: Renaissance and Discovery Section One: The Renaissance in Italy * Section Overview * Jacob Burckhardt, a Swiss historian, described the Renaissance as the “prototype of the modern world” in his book Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy (1860) * In Italy blossomed new secular and scientific views * People became to approach the world empirically and draw rational conclusions based on observation