Difference Between Cognitive Knowledge And Behavioral Skills

This essay will attempt to make a analytical comparison between two psychological perspectives, cognitive and behaviourism on what they believe about their approach to learning and also explain what the theories of two psychologist that are associated with both perspectives, highlighting the similarities and differences.

1. Briefly describe the organization of the IRS and how authority to administer the internal revenue law is delegated to it by Congress and the Secretary of the Treasury.

Q: How might a company’s goals for employee development be related to its goals for innovation and change? How might a company's goals for employee development be related to its goals for productivity? Explain the ways that these types of goals may conflict in an organization?

The 501(c)3 tax code specifically for organizations that are reserved for educational institutions, churches or other nonprofit organizations including what is often deemed as charitable (Lavarda, 2009). There are two main reasons that an organization will seek to attain a tax-exempt status with the federal government through the Internal Revenue Services (IRS). First, is to provide for their beneficiaries a tax-deductible contribution, which allows taxpayers benefits when paying their federal income taxes and secondly, simply is for organizations the ability to not pay federal income taxes (Lavarda, 2009; Arnsberger, Ludlum, Riley, & Statnton, 2008). Organizations who seek out the tax-exempt status do benefit from the protection that the tax code provides, however due to tax code regulations and reform, organizations that do not heed to the code may be in jeopardy of violating the code. This violation will result in the IRS revoking the tax-exempt status. For emerging organizations that are on the cusp of defining their affiliations in society must determine if applying for tax-exemption status is a profitable move. Due to the scrutiny of these organizations and such organizations must take into account the liability that comes with the tax exemption status. The liability is not one that an organization can take lightly, if an organization does gain tax-exemption status and then later fails to abide by the regulations, the risk is simple; the revocation of the

Guidance for financial statements for nonprofit organizations is provided by FASB Statement of Financial Accounting Standard 117 (FASB117). The goal of FASB117 was to “enhance the relevance, understandability, and comparability of financial statements” and “requires that those financial statements provide certain basic information that focuses on the entity as a whole and meets the common needs of external users of those statements” (FASB, 1993). FASB117 is considered important because it mandates functional reporting of expenses by nonprofit organizations. FASB117 requires a nonprofit organization to prepare 3 financial statements: a Statement of Financial Position, a Statements of Activities, and a Statement of Cash Flows. In the Statement of Financial Position, the nonprofit must categorize net assets as unrestricted, temporarily restricted

* Determine the salient impact of an organization transitioning individual learning into organizational learning. Next, argue whether a behavioral approach or a cognitive approach would be more effective in the transition in question. Justify your response.

When one talks about ‘Nonprofits’ many things come to mind; People often use phrases such as 501c3’s, charitable, ambassadors of the poor, and tax free organizations to umbrella the whole nonprofit sector. However, what large portions of our country fail to note is that there are differences within the nonprofit branch. There are two man categories of Nonprofits: Public, and Private; within those categories there are differing distinctions that allow for the separate identities of these organizations to in function and scope.

Until spending time in the nonprofit program at Johnson, I never considered the many different tasks associated with starting a nonprofit. Additionally, through growing up at a long-established nonprofit, I took for granted the work involved in establishing it as a 501(c)(3) nonprofit. The IRS website provides explanation for the many these required tasks needed to file for tax-exemption status. Filing the articles of incorporation and establishing bylaws remain crucial for an organization to receive recognition as a legal entity. However, establishing a nonprofit involves a great deal more than simply attaining tax-exemption status. Tschirhart and Bielefeld highlight many of these aspects, such as developing the mission and vision statements of the organization (Tschirhart and Bielefeld 49). As the reading from last week discussed, evaluating and acquiring resources for an organization should stem from the mission of an organization. Even more so, in order for that to take place, the organization needs established with a mission that will keep it rooted in its cause and a vision

"Cognitive brain functions constitute the ability to work with information in a meaningful way, apply information that has already been gained, perform preferential changes, and the ability for someone to change opinions about that information" (Cognitive Brain Function, 2016). Psychology teaches the theory that cognitive brain function are formed from human memories and affect how much information is taken in by the human being. Cognitive functionality has also been associated with the function related intelligence, mind, and ability to learn. This functionality of the brain sets the limits for a human to understand, comprehend, and apply their own thoughts to an idea to absorb it into their memory storage. By being able to perform these functions, a person is able to plan and organize their thoughts accordingly.

While the terms nonprofit and not-for-profit are viewed by many as synonymous terms, they are differentiated as follows. Nonprofit Organizations (Non-Profit Organizations) operate very much like commercial businesses but do not seek a profit. Non-Profit Organizations include charities, private schools, and research organizations. Non-Profit Organizations do not pay taxes; donations to many are tax-deductible, usually up to a certain dollar limit. To be considered for Non-Profit Status, however, a nonprofit must register with the IRS, under section 501(c) of the federal Internal Revenue Code. Not-for-profit organizations (NFPOs), on the other hand, pay taxes and may earn a profit, but unlike dividends, those profits are not distributed to its owners or members (distribution principle). NFPOs include private clubs, sports organizations, political organizations, and advocacy groups. Contributions to not-for-profits are not tax deductible. While this research guide focuses on Non-Profit Organizations, it will cover issues in the entire nonprofit

The United States has an extraordinarily large, diverse, economically powerful and politically influential nonprofit sector, distinct from government and business. It consists of more than 1.6 million registered organizations and institutions and perhaps an equal or even larger number of nonprofit associations that are not required to formally register or report their activities. The U.S. nonprofit sector is more broadly defined than elsewhere and includes schools, hospitals, museums, civil rights groups, labor unions, and many, many others. It accounts for more than six percent of the US Gross Domestic Product and employs more than nine percent of all US workers.

However, non-profits must follow additional steps to apply for tax-exempt status with the IRS and their state’s tax department. First, they must choose an available and appropriate business name that meets their state’s legal requirements. Next, they must file the articles of incorporation, pay a filing fee and apply for federal and state tax exemptions. Then, they will establish their corporate bylaws, which will spell out the operating rules, and appoint the organization’s directors. Certain states require non-profits to choose the directors before filing the articles of

To be recognized by the IRS as a tax-exempt organization under 501(c)(3), the organization must demonstrate that it is organized and operated exclusively for “religious, charitable, scientific or educational purposes” (Hopkins, 170). An organization’s tax exemption can be denied if “an inappropriate portion of its activities is not promoting one or more of its exempt purposes” (Hopkins, 170). The organization must be a corporation, including associations, trust, fund or foundation. It must also meet the non-distribution test, ensuring that profits are not being used to benefit individual owners (Worth, 39). They are allowed to engage in political activities, but they are limited to do so, unlike social welfare organization’s that are

Nonprofit Organizations The purpose of this research is to define nonprofit organizations, describe opportunities that are present in nonprofits, outline advantages and disadvantages of working in the nonprofit sector, and explain how you can determine if this is an area for you to consider as a career. WHAT IS THE NONPROFIT SECTOR? "Nonprofit" is a term that the I.R.S. uses to define tax-exempt organizations whose money or "profit" must be used solely to further their charitable or educational mission, rather than distribute profits to owners or shareholders as in the for-profit sector.

By being aware of the interpersonal communication skills, managers can understand an employee’s attitudes and beliefs through the verbal and non-verbal gesture they offer. For instance, a manager who is aware of interpersonal communication skills will be able to pick on an employees attitudes and beliefs towards a designated job and being able to attune the job requirements to the preferences of the employee.