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What Is Digital Native And Immigrant Demystified?

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Digital Native and Immigrant Distinctions Demystified
In what is often dubbed the twenty-first century learning environment, age-based claims made regarding digital natives and digital immigrants have become an important issue for educators, administrators, and students alike. In seminal yet controversial writings published around the turn of the twenty-first century, thinkers such as Tapscott (1998) describe the Net generation, and Howe and Strauss (2000) describe Millennial students as digital natives possessing technological knowledge and skills that older digital immigrants lack. In particular, Prensky’s influential two-part article “Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants” (2001a, 2001b) fuelled a number of subsequent publications in which …show more content…

The discourse reflected in publications purporting digital native enthusiasm has been influential within the context of educational-technology research, policy, and practice (for practice-based examples, see Brown, 2002; Frand, 2000; Oblinger, 2003; Oblinger & Oblinger, 2005; for research-based examples, see James, 2011; Kruger, 2010; Kumar, 2009; Patterson, 2009). As I outline in an analysis of recent literature on the digital native debate in higher education (Smith, 2012), authors such as Howe and Strauss (2000), Prenksy (2001a), and Tapscott (1998) largely began the digital native discussion by arguing that this unique generation of young learners who were born after 1980 has new educational and technological needs and abilities because they have always known a world with digital technologies and the Internet. Such characterizations strongly differentiate between digital natives and digital immigrants, and these characterizations continue to be engaged and debated in contemporary educational research and practice, …show more content…

To demand a new way of teaching and learning involving technology. (Thomas, 2011, p. 4) These popular claims within the seminal literature on digital natives (for example, that digital natives possess a sophisticated set of ICT [Information and Communication Technologies] knowledge and skills or that they have different learning styles or preferences) are largely unsupported by research evidence (Bennett, Maton, & Kirvan, 2008, p. 777). However, using these claims, enthusiasts’ present digital natives as a part of a utopian vision of technology tied to an exoticized picture of liberated young people (Buckingham, 2011). Despite slight distinctions, the terms digital native, the Net generation, and Millennials are used interchangeably (Jones et al., 2010, p. 723). Digital immigrants are characterized as individuals born before 1980 who knew an analogueonly world and still rely on analogue forms of interaction. For digital immigrants, the communication changes happening via the introduction of digital technologies are supposedly learned and relearned, instead of easily becoming second nature (Palfrey and Gasser, 2008, p. 4). Problems are often identified not with the digital natives but rather with older generations of non-natives who display their “digital immigrant accent” (Prensky, 2001a, p. 3) when using new technologies. In this way, digital immigrants are portrayed as being tied to older media, unable to catch up (Buckingham, 2011), therefore embodying the antithesis

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