Dinitrophenol And Its Effects On Marine Life

Although sewage systems are able to provide a great deal of sanitation to water before it is released back into a source, the risk of raw sewage overflowing into water sources poses several issues. Not only can raw sewage contain harmful bacteria such as E. coli, it can also negatively affect aquatic life. Human waste typically contains high levels of nitrogen, phosphorous, and other nutrients that are useful for people but can cause many issues in an aquatic environment (Burkholder et. al., 2011). Much of these elements are removed during wastewater treatment, but if they are sent directly to a water source due to flooding, they can cause algae blooms and harm

Most people are surprised to learn that their bodies are contaminated with heavy metals. This is a little-known problem that has grown into a widespread issue. There are many different ways your body becomes contaminated with heavy metals, such as through the type of cookware you use, the tap water you drink and the fillings you have in your teeth. Fortunately, there are natural ways to cleanse your body of these harmful toxins, such as with chlorella. This is an algae found in nature and is oftentimes used in integrative medicine by naturopathic doctors in Arizona.

Since this is my fist toxicology course, I found it interesting to learn the variety of pathways that toxicants access to enter the human body and aquatic organisms. Even more so, the way our cells respond to the intake of such toxicants. In addition, learning the way aquatic organisms are impacted by toxicants in stream and stream sediments. Furthermore, I can use this knowledge in a career and also for my own curiosity to investigate my surroundings or spread awareness.

In this experiment water quality and contamination of groundwater were investigated. First, I will observe the effects that many pollutants have on groundwater. I predict that in this experiment the oil and vinegar will create the largest quality of contamination to the water, while the laundry detergent will just create a bad smell to it. Considering the smells and thickness to these ingredients I think that it will cause the water quality to have a bad smell and cause the water to be very cloudy. Once filtering the contaminated water, the water will be clear and purified. Second, I

Throughout this field study there are many concerns that revolve around superfund and landfill sites that can cause disruption within our water systems and its negative impact on air quality. In the article “Policy Implementation and the Environmental Protection Agency: What Factors Influence Remediation at Superfund Sites?” by Dorothy M. and David F. Layton, they stated, “The impact of contaminant mixtures on human health remains largely unknown; however, substances commonly found at Superfund sites have been linked to a variety of human health problems, such as birth defects, infertility, cancer, and changes in neurobehavioral functions (Hall, Price-Green, Dhara, & Kaye, 1995; Johnson, 1995; and Johnson & DeRosa, 1997).”(Pg. 375) This shows

After the list of chemicals was composed, individual chronic indices (CIs) were calculated for each emission. To narrow the scope of the study, carcinogenic chemicals disposed only in water and air are considered.

During rain events, a combination of contaminants from roadways, parking lots, manufacturing facilities and industrial sites enter storm drains [2]. This runoff is a major contributor to oil contamination in public water domains and if left untreated, it leads to greater pollution of our oceans, lakes, and rivers. Runoff can also contain heavy metals, such as potassium (K + ) , zinc (Zn 2+ ), lead (Pb 2+ ), copper (Cu 2+ ), and chromium (Cr 3+ ), all of which in large quantities are extremely toxic to biological environments [3]. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the Clean Water Act (CWA) 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 122 indicates that facilities are required to obtain National Pollutant Discharge Elimination Systems

Groundwater contamination has many far reaching environmental, political, societal and economic effects. Groundwater contamination, while obviously potentially detrimental to human wellbeing, can have a large impact on localities in any region of the world. When toxic agents are introduced into a groundwater system it puts all local wildlife in immediate danger. This includes the health of both flora and fauna near or in the flow from the source of contamination. Human health can also be impacted by this type of contamination. Toxic agents, in my example specifically tetrachloroethene (PCE), have many harmful effects on human health including affecting the central nervous system, causing cancers and causing pulmonary edema (Tetrachloroethylene Toxicity, 2017).

The ocean is being polluted and it is opposing a massacre in the environment and the lives of marine and green turtles. It affects the ocean’s ecosystem by killing it. These turtles are revealed to have a list of chemicals in their bloodstream. Studies and research have demonstrated that these turtles are endangered species especially the Green turtles and this is caused by human activity and contamination. They have been found in the Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, and Upstart Bay. There are a few people attempting to help the shoreline and reefs, but with the effort of helping, it wasn’t sufficient.

Salmon populations have been declining for years, especially very drastically in the last few years. This issue has been going on for years with very little awareness of the public living in the Northwest, especially around the Puget Sound area in Washington State. From Seattle Times I quote, “There used to be coho salmon runs all through Puget Sound and creeks. There haven’t been for decades,” said Julann Spromberg, a toxicologist working for NOAA Fisheries. “They’re coming back, and they’re dying. We need to figure out what’s going on.”

1- To examine the possibility of Dichlorvos being persistent and undergoing long range transport across the globe , several physical properties were brought into perspective to make these conclusions. The vapor pressure for dichlorvos was found to be 0.012 mm Hg (1.6 x 10-3 kPa) at 20 °C.(1) (2) The vapour pressure tells us that Dichlorvos is volatile thus increasing the possibility of it being a global pollutant. The Octanol water partition coeffcient (log P) was found to be 1.47.(3) The half-life of dichlorvos in water varies between 20 to 80 hours at pH between 4-9 .(4) (5) Dichlorvos doesn’t accumulate in animals or plants, and almost all of the Dichlorvos applied in greenhouses and food storage areas is broken down in 3 to 6 hours.

The contamination of water and drinking supplies with high concentrations of nutrients from animal waste has fatal effects on different organisms. “Elevated nitrates in drinking water...hinders the ability of the...blood to carry oxygen” (Hribar 4), which can cause serious health conditions such as birth defects, miscarriages, and can even lead to death in seniors and infants. Although nitrates may have the greatest consequences on younger and older individuals, adults that consume tainted water develop increased risks of “cancer and non-cancer diseases...diabetes...and neurodevelopmental defects” (Halden and Schwab 16). Contaminated drinking water poses a serious threat to human health, and can affect people’s happiness and quality of life.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) strictly regulates the levels of health-risking contaminants that are allowed in drinking water, to try and ensure that tap water, used for drinking, meets certain standards. Chlorine is used by most water treatment facilities in the United States, to clean the water drinking supplies. The EPA has determined that chlorine levels of four parts per million, or less, are safe for human consumption. While, the chlorination of drinking water has been credited with increasing life expectancy, and being one of our nation’s major public health achievements, there have been studies, that link chlorination to higher occurrences of some types of cancer, and other health problems, including eczema, heart disease, asthma, and higher miscarriage rates. When chlorine interacts with various organic compounds in the fresh water, trihalomethanes (THMs) are produced, which are environmental pollutants, and carcinogenic. When THMS are ingested, they foster the growth of free radicals, which are known to harm or destroy vital body

Recently pollution caused by toxic heavy metals and organic compounds has received a widespread attention owing to their high toxicity and carcinogenic effects to both the ecological environment and living organisms [1-3]. Among various toxic heavy metals, Cr (VI) is one of the heavy metal ions present in effluents produced from various industries such as chemical, mining, aerospace, steel fabrication, electroplating etc [4-6]. Dinitrophenol compounds, a group of persistent organic compounds, has received a widespread attention due to its detrimental effects on the environmental and human health [7]. 2,4-Dinitrophenol has been extensively detected in the industrial effluents due to its diverse use as a raw material for speciality chemicals

Triclosan is a chemical found in many common household, “down-the-drain” products. Wastewater plants remove between 67 and 99 percent of the triclosan found in the water. The treated discharge water then gets poured into lakes, allowing the remnants and byproducts of the chemical to contaminate the water. This is extremely harmful to freshwater ecosystems because triclosan disrupts the aquatic food chain because it is highly toxic to algae, a major part of the food web, increases resistant bacteria, contaminates marine life because of how it affects reproduction and development in some fish species, and creates toxic byproducts of itself.