2.4.3 Jirga System and its Types. Jirga is an assembly of tribal elders where disputes are taken for amicable settlement, and decisions are given on the basis of ‘Riwaj’ . There are three main types of jirgas i.e. sarkari jirga nominated by political agent to settle inter-tribal disputes, qaumi jirga formed by tribe itself to settle intra-tribal issues and shakhsi jirga requested by disputing individuals themselves. 2.4.4 FC (NWFP). When the British divided the tribal area into various agencies they raised a political police force; initially levies and later a potent force i.e. the Khyber Jezailchies in 1878 and Turi Militia in 1892. 2.4.5 Khassadars. Khassadari is centuries old system, which was refined and properly org by the British, mainly to bribe, benefit or give …show more content…
Frontier Constabulary is governed by the Frontier Constabulary Act of 1915 and its basic role is to guard the administrative border of NWFP and protect the people of settled districts from tribal lashkers. It is administratively controlled by SAFRON and operationally controlled by the province where Frontier constabulary is deployed for IS duties. It is budgeted by the Federal Government. 2.4.7 FATA Secretariat. FATA Secretariat was established in the Year 2000 concentrating all directorates of line departments, sections of P&D and finance department under one roof. The Federal Government, through SAFRON and Governor’s Secretariat, makes allocation of funds for the agencies which are utilised by FATA Secretariat. 2.4.8 Frontier Crime Regulations and System of Law Enforcement in FATA. Political administration maintains law and order in FATA through Frontier Crimes Regulations which is enforced by Frontier Corps and Khasadars, placed at the disposal of political agent . The Frontier Crime Regulations 1901 , excludes the technicalities of the ordinary law and recognized modern principles governing the dispensation of justice . 2.5 Legislative System of the Tribal
This list, preparation of which is laid out in detail in CH 6:53 S 10 (the Jury Act) is complied from information collected from
The political era of policing started from 1840 to around 1930. The police’s main function was to give many social services to the citizens. Policing was decentralized in this era, meaning the decisions being made were upon a district to a neighborhood level. Patrolling was done on foot in
The caste system has been extremely stable in India for over two thousand years. It is only since the more modern, independent state of India was formed that the system has come under any scrutiny at all. It is presently outlawed, but many of the practices, attitudes and traditions remain ingrained in Hindu society (University of Wyoming, 1997).
Frontier Crimes Regulations (1901) may be repealed, extending the writ of the state and rule of law in FATA, including the courts and police. FATA maybe integrated into the federal framework by making it a part of KP Province
The caste system was often used to maintain order and provided guidance for the citizen’s role in society. It also adapted to the newly arrived migrants like Turks, and Muslim merchants and established codes for behavioral to others and those in the same class. However, as merchants and manufacturers became influential in the economic state, powerful guilds grouped themselves by working within the caste system, and established themselves as jatis (“sub-castes”), specializing themselves in different types of commerce like silk, cotton, spice trade production. Although, Hinduism was embraced in southeastern area of Asia, ruling elites in Southeast Asia showed no interest in the social class of
Indian serfs have to prove loyalty to their masters and all of them are trapped under what Adiga refers to “The Rooster Coop”. This is the way of how Indian society is structured in which the well-off and the poor cannot amalgamate with each other. And this system ensures complete control for the upper classes, transforming the lives of the employees a prison. The master-servant relationship is established based on this philosophy which permits to maintain the endless servitude of the lower classes and providing wealth for a dominant
India and America, now two of the largest established countries in the world, were once coerced into being pawns in a greater British Empire at on time or another. America being settled through the crown’s permission and India’s trade being influenced heavily to the point of British incorporation in the mid-1700’s. Both watched as the British stepped over to force the ruled into submission per the Crown’s benefit. America had to deal with “Taxation without representation” in which the populace was unfairly overtaxed to pay for British debts while Indians withstood attacks against their culture, religions and personal independence while having their resources syphoned out, subjecting the people to British decisions and customs without any consideration for the governed. These two scenarios not only mean different methods of gaining
Caste system: A social system where your occupation and position in society is based on your ancestry.
Federal police are several agencies working to together to combat crime that affects the country as a whole. Federal police function to enforce the United States Code. For example federal police assist with interstate commerce issues, interstate criminal activities, terrorism, international crimes, and assist state and local police also.
The criminal justice system is a diverse system used around the globe. When in consideration of what the definition of the Criminal Justice system which is a law enforcement that is directly involved in apprehending, prosecuting, defending, sentencing, and punishing those who are suspected or convicted of criminal offenses ("criminal justice system: definition of criminal justice system in Oxford dictionary (American English) (US)," n.d.). Here have been many historical events that have led up to today’s way of handling the criminal trends. So many factors come into play. In order to control or make order of society you need laws and guidelines within the country and as well amongst the international countries.
The caste system itself is a system of social stratification, based on two concepts, varna and jati. Varna
In both developed and underdeveloped economies, there is a need to put regulations which ensure that profits are not abnormally earned at the expense of the innocent clients. It is therefore the mandate of the territorial authorities to put in place measures that introduce checks and balances in all trades. The respective companies or business must also follow the same suit lest they find themselves in the crossroads of law. However,
You have been charged with an either way offence this means that you will get the choice as to whether you trial your case at the Magistrates or Crown Court. In this report I will evaluate the effectiveness of lay people presenting their advantages and disadvantages. I will also evaluate the jury system. As I have explained either way offences can either be very serious or very minor, which is why they are tried at the Crown Court or Magistrates’.
William the Conqueror introduced the jury system into England in 1066 after the battle of Hastings. It wasn’t until the 14th century when their roll came to determiner of fact in a case.
The internal divisions and complexes hierarchy of the Indian society served an important social function. The system provided each individual with a clear identity and role and offered the benefits of group solidarity and support. Certain interactions and behaviors were appropriate only between those of equal status. The system assured that the religious, political, and financial powers were all separated into four different social classes (Bulliet, et. 2011).