Do HBCU’s better prepare African American students for careers versus PWI’s
Following the ending of the civil war where the southern states within America tried to
leave the union after slavery was abolished, many changes for African Americans were put in
place.(Cozzens) Of these changes was the creation of the freedmen 's bureau which served the
purpose of creating educational institutions for African Americans , this historically black
colleges and universities (HBCU’s) were founded.(Purnell) Since then, the condition of African
Americans in America has changed, some progress has been made despite there being more
room for improvement. Within this tale of the African American striving for success in
livelihood in America one may bring up an important argument or inquiry; are historically black
colleges and universities better for African American students than predominantly white
institutions(PWI)? This essay will argue as well as compare and contrast if HBCU’s are better
for African American students or PWI’s. In modern times many college or university graduates
regardless of race struggle to find careers. If there is a general challenge in finding a career
following undergrad then one can infer that this struggle may affect African American graduates
differently. Although,Bachelor 's degrees carry the same weight the question whether HBCU’s
better prepare black students for a post undergrad career opposed to PWI’s still stands today.
Due to the
In the time period between 1775 and 1830, African Americans start to gain more freedom in the North while the institution of slavery expanded in the South. These changes occurred due to the existence of different point of views. The North did not need slavery and acknowledge the cons of slavery while the South’s want for slavery quickly became a need.
Then change in the 1730’s a religious group called the Quakers would inspire the Great Awakening which abolished slavery and demanded that slave holders across the colonies to do the same. That they would start to happen after the American Revolution by 1820’s and the north was on a path to end slavery for good and allowed blacks to live free in the north for the first time in American history, but that did not change for the south. The south offering liberties to white plantation owners have offered a few rights to blacks they would develop the ⅗ compromise that would determine how slaves would be counted as far as tax and legislative representation. While slavery started to get essentially worse in the southern states. It seems that the American Revolution did not do anything for the Africans for “freedom” besides what they did in the northern states by 1804. Every northern state either abolished slavery or passed a law to eliminate it
More than any other event, the American Civil War went far in defining a United States that had been imperfectly and incompletely shaped by its first 70 years. For seven decades, the presence of slavery in a republic founded on principles of human freedom increasingly confused the political system and unraveled the social fabric. (Heidler, David S. and Jeanne T. Heidler. (2015)). Although slavery in the South had given rise to antislavery movements in the North as early as the American Revolution, a fresh vigor characterized the abolition movement in the 1830s. Arguments over the western territories clouded the country into a series of disruptive crises. Each was settled with an unsatisfying compromise that left most Southerners feeling materially cheated and many Northerners morally embarrassed. (Heidler, David S. and Jeanne T. Heidler. (2015)). Efforts to organize the Midwest region called the Nebraska Territory in 1854, led to the ill-conceived Kansas-Nebraska Act. It was yet another attempt designed to secure Southern support for the organization of what by prior agreement would have been a free territory. Kansas and Nebraska were created from the region under the principal of popular sovereignty, which was to say that each territory would decide for itself whether to admit or prohibit slavery. (Heidler, David S. and Jeanne T. Heidler. (2015)). That plan
Frank Bruni’s article “How to measure a college’s value”(2015), analyzes the value of a college education based on a diversity of often unconsidered factors. Bruni supports his claim by questioning the unknown, constantly repeating the central argument in order to shift the audience away from preconceived notations, and through statistical facts to provide credibility. Bruni’s purpose is to educate society on what constitutes a college’s worth in order to demonstrate that the experience is truly based on an individual’s actions and not the school index value. Due to the factual nature of the article it is written to advise incoming students on how they can benefit from each college not just ones that are assumed to provide a defined path for
Since the end of the American Revolution, many events sparked unrest between the north and the south states. One such event was the
Until the 12th of April, 1861, the United States had never seen a war as big as the Civil War. The country, that, during the Revolutionary War, was small and united; now, was deeply divided by a (somewhat) imaginary line. This separated the Union into two independent countries: the Confederate States of America, also called the South or Confederacy, was pro slavery; and the United States of America, also called the North or Union, was against slavery. This division was long awaited. As someone who was against slavery on moral grounds, the election of Abraham Lincoln caused the secession of the following slave states in the Deep South: Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina and Texas. After the Battle of Fort Sumter,
College: What is Was, Is and Should Be, by Andrew Delbanco takes both a historical and analytical approach to the evolution of higher education institutions in the United States. While thought provoking, some of his views balance on the verge of extremity. Many colleges provide students with the skills necessary for what is happening in society at that moment. This is exemplified in how the application process has changed from the earliest colleges to today. Also, when colleges were first introduced into society, students were recommended by members of society to attend a school, which is much different than the process today. Another aspect of what Delbanco discusses in his book is the disparity between a small liberal arts college and
Attending a Historically Black College and University is something I have never imagined, by reason of living in a world where competition is a standard. Growing up during my childlike years I have attended schools where instructors would not take the time to avail you because they are brought under the impression that everyone is on that same level of knowledge. All my life I was stationed in an educational environment where the majority of students were predominantly white. Therefore, making an effort to be driven has guided me where I am today since contention was at an all-time high. At first, I wanted to attend a predominantly white institution as I formulated my college choice. I have always had to compete against everybody, and I knew that my success would derive from my emulation. Virginia Union University was a college I decided on instead because I sought to be in an environment surrounded by people, who are uplifting and exhilarating,
The lack of engagement of Black alumni at PWIs may be caused by the campus environment that Black alumni experienced while attending as students. Prior research has shown that alumni who have had positive undergraduate experiences and strong feelings about their alma mater are more likely to donate and/ or participate in alumni events. Gaier (2005) notes that students have a higher rate of satisfaction when cultivating positive relationships with faculty and are more inclined to give back to their institution in the form of time and donations as alumni. Clotfelter (2003) conducted a study that shows that alumni satisfaction is linked to the particular types of experiences that alumni had while on campus as students.
On January 31, 1865 the thirteenth amendment legally abolished slavery “Except as a punishment granted Congress the ‘power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation’” (TAY, Chap 15 Sec II). Towards the end of the year things were improving. Most of the states were favoring the amendment. Around four million blacks were free from slavery (TAY, Chap 15 Sec II). Lincoln ended setting the pace for millions of African Americans. Being in the Union was important for the African Americans to become unified so that way they would feel equal. There had been mobbed violence against blacks of the south that leaded to them wanting a better system. There needed to be a better method for southern states to be reinstated to the Union (TAY Chap 15 Sec II). Soon after, came the Civil Rights Act of 1866. This act essentially said that all American born warranted all the rights that everyone else got. The Fourteenth Amendment went right along with the Civil Rights Act. The fourteenth amendment really was an enforcer for authority. So all the work that Lincoln was trying to accomplish was soon enough going to be shot down. President Johnson opposed both the
Although, the issue later became a goal for the Union. Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which freed all the slaves in states that were still rebelling against the United States. It didn’t, however, give blacks civil rights such as voting. African Americans at the Union of Tennessee (which has been exempt from the proclamation due to much of it being in the Union) claimed in 1865 that they should have basic rights, such as suffrage. They argued that African Americans as a group had been loyal to the national government throughout the war.
Change comes to those who seek it, but for Blacks living in the United States, it could not come fast enough. Since the moment they first set foot in America, Blacks have been at a distinct disadvantage. Slavery and the idea of Black inferiority has tarnished the American image since the first slaves were brought from Africa. Discontent grew out, both on the parts of the slaves and also their white allies. Eventually, in large part because of the slavery and the Civil War was fought. Although not entirely about slavery, the South feared that Abraham Lincoln would free their slaves and as a result succeeded. After the conclusion of the war, the victorious north abolished slavery with the creation of the 13th amendment and opened up the potential for African Americans to become citizens under the 14th amendment.
With the election of Republican Candidate Abraham Lincoln to the presidency of the United States in November 1860, the simmering crisis over the issue of slavery finally erupted. The Deep South states seceded, fearful that a “Black Republican” president would seek to end slavery. In February 1861 the Confederate States of America was formed. Slavery would be destroyed, but African-Americans would struggle to build their life on their own
When the south had left from the states like Virginia, south Carolina and soon to be texas as they intended to bring all their slaves
After four years of fighting between the Union and the Confederacy in the American Civil War, it was finally decided in 1864 that the 11 southern states that seceded from the nation would be restored into the Union once again. However, the problems of reconstructing the Union were just as difficult as the war itself had been. Because most of the war was fought on Southern ground, the South had been devastated both physically and economically. Helping former slaves and making state governments loyal to the Union also presented various problems that would take years to resolve.