Domesticated Animals In Papa New Guinea

It has to deal a lot with geographic luck. The chance of your climate or soils being more fertile is completely based on chance. To have larger animals like horses, cows, and camels, you need to have food that the animals can sustain themselves on. A lot of plants in New Guinea do not have a lot of protein in them, so it is very hard to keep the larger animals alive long enough for you to build farms, or use them as vehicles. Because there is only so few foods with protein in New Guinea, all their effort is put into finding more food, so there aren’t any metal workers or anything of the sort. That’s why I think It has to be geographic luck.

In the 60s there was a lot of life changing inventions like the first commercial satellite being sent into space, the first robot was made to help companies. But Papua New Guinea is still hunting with stone weapons. These people are way behind were a lot of countries were in developing the country. If we go back a few thousand years ago, Papua New Guinea was still behind other civilizations. They didn’t have things that other civilizations had. This is inequality which means that the world is unequal. And what makes is more unequal is that geography controls it. Geography controls what crops people can grow, what animals can be domesticated. With animals they can give them time to have specialists to experiment with stuff. And also with those

Throughout Guns, Germs, and Steel, Jared Diamond explains the importance of geography in the ways ancient civilizations grew and spread and how some areas were more advanced than others. He began his research when he was asked a question by a Papua New Guinea residence, Yali. Yali had asked Diamond “[w]hy you white man have so much cargo and we New Guineans have so little?” At that point Diamond had no answer and he was curious to find out why Eurasia had a head start in civilizing people meanwhile the other continents were behind. As a result, several differences were made between countries that did not have the same resources as those who were advanced. Some of the developing countries were poor and they had to rely on whatever was given to them through nature. When Diamond went to Papua New Guinea, he discovered that the residences of the island had the same routine as those in the ancient civilizations of Eurasia. They would often hunt for animals and used stone weapons instead of metal.

According to Document 1, the Neolithic Revolution was good for the society because humans learned new skills and ways to live. Document 1 states, “The ability to acquire food on a regular basis gave humans greater control over their environment and enabled them to give up their nomadic ways of life and live in settled communities.” This shows that the humans learned many new things. In addition, based on Document 2, the context mentions, “Domestication means taming animals for human use. This was one of the most important innovations of the Neolithic Revolution.” This shows that the humans had good use of the animals. Also, the chart in Document 2 shows how common animals such as cows, goats, pigs, and sheep were used as advantages depending on their location, and for meat, milk, wool, and hide. As a result, Document 1 and Document 2 both support that the innovations of the Neolithic Revolution were good for

Many geographers have attempted creating a unified theory explaining why cultures advance much more readily than others. Very few have actually reached mainstream society and even fewer seem reasonable. However, Jared Diamond shines where most do not. His book, Guns, Germs, and Steel, proposes an idea that has long been established called environmental determinism. Most view environmental determinism as a racist theory attributing a peoples’ intelligence only to their oppressive climates and geographical barriers. Diamond instead has created a theory that applies environmental determinism to only a peoples’ technology—not the people themselves. This has given researchers valuable tools that allow them to explain why some nations have

Intense human interaction benefited society because humans found ways to take advantage of the environment for better survival, exchange ideas between empires, and strengthen relationships between themselves to create unified empires. Humans took advantage of the environment through domestication and tools to make their lives easier. In the Old World humans domesticated animals such as dogs, horses, cattle, sheep, pigs, donkeys, goats, and some fowls (Document E). The domestication of these animals allowed humans in Afro-Eurasia to have access to work animals. Using these domesticated animals gave humans in the Old World the ability to work faster and move heavy loads.

How they domesticated wild animals and plants for milk, food, clothing, and more, and the benefits of domestication over the hunter-gathering culture. More food meant more calories for humans meaning more work. More work meant higher crop yields which meant more population density which meant more people could work, and the cycle continued over and over again. The reason food production was so successful in Europe was because the continent lies east to west creating a similar climate for food to grow. Europe also has more open fields compared to Africa, the Americas, and Australia, where there were deserts, jungles, and drastically different climates. The conversion from the hunter-gatherer society to the domestication of wild animals and farming society was gradually and took many years and there are still hunter-gatherer societies today.

The “Factors Underlying the Broadcast Pattern of History” chart shows the spreading and domesticating of plants and animals and the pros and cons of it on civilization. I agree with the author that when you have domesticated animals in the civilization food storage and surpluses; large dense, sedentary, stratified societies with political

CHAPTER 8: Apples or Indians 16. Where is the fertile Crescent? 17. Why did its domesticated plants and animals give it such a head start over the rest of the world? CHAPTER 9: Zebras. Unhappy Marriages. and the Anna Karenina Principle 18. Why did Eurasia have the most domesticated animals of all continents? i9. What are the 6 characteristics of domesticated animals?

The establishment of food production proved to be more fulfilling than hunting and gathering since it reduced the risk of starvation. Despite being provided with some of the advantages that came with transitioning to agriculture, many regions remained as hunter-gatherers. While some areas, such as the Fertile Crescent and Eurasia, had many advantageous plants and animals that could be domesticated, other areas, New Guinea, Eastern United States, and Mesoamerica, possessed limited availability. Some areas are simply not suited to agriculture of any kind, while others may support some crops that are suitable for domestication but not others. Likewise, while there were big animals living in several regions, those species were not suitable for domestication since they did not follow the six requirements, which involved being sufficiently obedient, humble to humans, cheap to feed, able to breed well in captivity, immune to diseases, able to grow rapidly (Diamond 1999, 169). On the other hand, in some areas, food production developed independently. However, only a few places developed food production without any outside influence, which included the Fertile Crescent in western Eurasia, China, the eastern United States, Mesoamerica, and New Guinea. In the Andes and Amazonians, and three areas of Africa, food production was also probably an independent development, but there are

The author, Jared Diamond, is asked a question by a local politician,Yali, while studying birds in New Guinea. His question is, "Why is it that you white people developed so much cargo and brought it to New Guinea, but we black people had little cargo of our own?". This question leads Diamond to write a book attempting to answer why some humans in certain environments developed faster than others. Food production, writing and government had already started to develop by 11,000 B.C. in many areas around the world such as the Americas, sub-Saharan Africa and Eurasia. Many Native Americans and Africans were still using wood and stone tools while Europeans had steel by A.D. 1500. Many people and historians believe that Europeans are biologically

Food is one of the many factors that determine a population. The use of big, domesticated animals helped in the production of food and while Eurasia had 13 of the 14 main species, the Americas only had one (llamas and apachas). In addition to having most of the main animal species, the geographic location of Eurasia (west to east) had helped in the expansion of the domesticating of animals and plants because of the similar environment and climate where in the Americas (north to south), the climate and environment made it hard to move the animals and plants for domestication. Already in the lead with having the most species and their location, domestic animals in Eurasia provided labor; plowing and manure which helped produced faster and more crops. In the Americas though, the llama/apacha could not be used for labor. The rate of food production In the Americas was a much more painful and slow process because it was picked and planted by hand while Eurasia had machinery and animals to help increase food production. For the production of plant food crops, both Eurasia and the Americas had widespread agriculture but Eurasia had more farmers and land so they could tend to the farms, whereas the Americas had limited land (due to environment and barrier issues) and more hunter-gatherers. Because of their easier and faster labor system, the

Jared Diamond's bestseller Guns, Germs, and Steel (GG&S) is an attempt to explain why some parts of the world are currently powerful and prosperous while others are poor. Diamond is both a physiologist and a linguist who spends a good deal of his time living with hunter gathers in Papua New Guinea. As a researcher and as a human being, he is convinced that all people have the same potential. Hunter gatherers are just as intelligent, resourceful, and diligent as anybody else. Yet material "success" isn't equally distributed across the globe. Civilization sprung up in relatively few places and spread in a defined pattern. I should emphasize that Diamond doesn't equate material

If a civilization is in a flat, grassy, mild tempered, good weathered climate then good animals will be more available. A civilization would thrive with good animals because those animals can increase production rate of food greatly. Domesticable animals often love in flat, grassy areas, with a mild climate. In the real world eurasia is generally a flat plains with most area having a mild climate wheras in africa there are no domesticable animals.

Jared Diamond is a professor of Geography at UCLA and a world traveler. He believes that in the past 13,000 years of human history, agriculture has lead humans to conquer, develop and prosper and therefore cause the rise of civilizations. In 1972 he was in New Guinea when he met a local named Yali who asked him a simple question that took years for Diamond to answer. Yali said “Why is it that you white people developed so much cargo [goods] and brought it to New Guinea, but we black people had little cargo of our own”. [Work cited 7] Diamond was profoundly puzzled and couldn’t answer right away. In fact it took him many years to come up with what he thinks is the right answer. ‘Yali’s question’ plays a central role in Professor Diamond’s enquiry into ‘a short history of everybody for the last 13,000 years’, leading him into a wide-ranging discussion of the history of human evolution and diversity through a study of migration, socio-economic and cultural adaptation to environmental conditions, and technological diffusion. (Diamond, Guns, Germs and Steel, p. 22-23)