Dynamic Visual Acuity

The purpose of the study was to measure the effect that the Flicker Paradigm had on visual perception. The Flicker Paradigm causes a distraction while there is a change made in the image. It was designed to test how long the groups took to react to a change in the visual field. The test is meant to show that the disturbance in the visual field made it much more challenging for the viewer to notice any changes that were made in the image. The hypothesis stated that the experimental group, the group using the Flicker Paradigm, would take longer to notice the change in the visual field than the control group, which had no flicker between the altered images. This is because the disturbance in the visual field caused the brain to miss the change that was made to the image because the information was deemed as unimportant. The majority of the perceived changes occurred in the background of the scene, and were considered minor in reference to the whole scene. This was proven true from the data collected, and coincided with previous tests. (Rensink, R. A. 2000). The data in tables 1.1 and 1.3 shows the individual participant data for the test with a flicker for both tests one and two. Tables 1.2 and 1.4 represent the individual results for the tests with no flicker, or the control group. Graphs 1.1 and 1.2 showed the relationship between the time taken to recognize alterations in the images. The data was taken from the average time to recognize the change from all

My dynamic vision of social justice looks like a combination of individual empowerment and group empowerment. Albano (2015) argues that group empowerment is the better form of social justice because individual empowerment is a limited way to change the system and works within the existing power structure. I believe both empowerments are best combined into an effective approach to social justice. A client cannot even begin to advocate with the community if he or she still worries about attaining the basic necessities of living like housing of food. For instance, I work in the San Francisco South of Market (SOMA) district where the youth organizations and the activist organizations struggle over the response

Change blindness shows surprising perception phenomenon that is noticed through the visual change of stimulus introduced and observers do not notice the change. When observer fails to observe and notice the change major changes and differences introduced into an image at a flick off and on again. People having poor ability in detecting the changes are argued to have limitation of human attention (Hecht-Nielsen & McKenna, 2003). Change blindness has provided a wide range of research that has important and practical implications especially in eyewitness position and distraction while driving among other areas.

A study conducted by Gusev, Mikhaylova, and Utochkin used the flicker paradigm as described by Rensink et. al (1997) to observe the effect of different stimuli on change blindness. The different stimuli studied were number of objects, object organization, object shape, appearance/disappearance of an object, object shift, color change of an object, and increasing the interstimulus interval (blank screen

PPO Jimenez put Garduno in the “starting position”. PPO Jimenez held a pen in a position in front of Garduno’s face and asked him to track the pen with his eyes only. Garduno acknowledged that he understood the instructions. During the Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus test PPO Jimenez noticed Garduno had a lack of smooth pursuit in both eyes. PPO Jimenez also noticed that Garduno had a distinct and sustained Nystagmus as maximum deviation in both eyes. Additionally PPO Jimenez noticed Garduno had the onset of nystagmus prior to 45-degree angle in both eyes. After PPO Jimenez observed Garduno fail this test he decided not to continue with the walk and turn test and one leg stand due to the physical condition of Garduno.

The Velocity Step Test measures gain and the time constant of the VOR by quickly changing the velocity of the chair when rotating left and right. Pre- and post-rotary nystgamus are measured at time constants of 60 and 240 degrees/second. Pre-rotary nystagmus time constant is measured during the 60- and 240-second velocity times and post-rotary nystagmus is measured during the 60- and 240-second stop times. The reason for using 60 degrees/second is to estimate the time constant and gain for the left and right horizontal canals. As the velocity increases, the time constant decreases and a percentage of VOR gain for the right and left can be compared. The test begins by accelerating the patient around 100 degrees/second2 stimulating the right peripheral system. The patient is spun to the right until maximum velocity is reached at 60 or 240

Quadir responded well to the acuity. Quadir continues to make progress towards his goals. Quadir stated, fighting, hitting throwing things at someone, saying bad words, belittling someone and saying mean thing that hurts a person feelings. Quadir stated that he was violent toward his peer, when the person hit him first. Quadir stated that he get abusive toward other when he feel threatened, or the person say something demining towards him. Quadir stated that he is sometime abusive towards his mom, but he does not mean the things he says to her. Quadir stated, being threatened, being hit first, feeing afraid, being teased or provoked. Quadir stated, that sometime he make threats when he is upset and her does not mean the treats he make. Quadir

The two independent variables were luminant cue patches (light cue, dark cue and equiluminant cue) and location of the cue and target (valid side with cue and target on same side and invalid side with cue and target on opposite sides). The dependent variable was participants’ reaction time in millisecond.

A systemic perceptive is looking at different ways of handling a situation between two or more people. Most family benefits from a systemic perspective with social networking such as emotional support, learning difficulties, and psychological disorders. Researchers have gathered several test results explaining why systemic approach is one of the best therapy with family

Some clinicians feel that scoring eye opening is not sufficient to indicate brainstem arousal and a number of coma scales have been proposed that include brainstem reflexes, most of them more complex than the GCS scale (Majerus, 2005). The Glasgow Liège scale is the simplest variation proposed (Born, et al., 1982). It combines the GCS with five brainstem reflexes, but has not been widely implemented outside Belgium, its country of origin (Laureys, 2005).

Vision is the most important sensory compared to other sensory modality therefore there is a wide range of research carried out on vision. Visual attention is defined as a term that portrays how individuals are able to change their view while attending to an image that is of a normal perspective due to the neurones in the cortex (Carasco, 2011). It is often described as a focal point which is situated with different locations in the region of space (Wright, 1998). Visual search requires detecting a specific target as quickly as possible. For example, trying to find your car in a large car park. By focusing our attention to the specific environment it improves our visual search of the target (Keane et al., 2015). The speed of a visual search

Visual acuity is a measure of an observer’s ability to see fine spatial detail (Cavonius & Schumacher, 1966). There are a number of factors that affect visual acuity, such as illumination and contrast, and various ways to measure it (Kalloniatis & Luu, 2005). One way to measure visual acuity is through target detection which requires the perception of the orientation of a stimulus such as a Landolt C or a Snellen E (Kalloniatis & Luu, 2005). The participant in the current experiment was referred to have their acuity tested. Target detection of a stimulus was used to measure the participant’s visual acuity as a function of retinal eccentricity of the target.

Pursuit gain, which is the ratio of eye velocity to target velocity, is affected by target velocity, acceleration and frequency. For the sinusoidal pursuit stimulus, these three stimulus parameters are mutually interdependent. For the triangular wave pursuit stimulus, velocity is constant, and acceleration appears as periodic pulses. Accordingly, frequency and velocity can be varied independently of acceleration. Unfortunately, perfect tracking of the triangular wave stimulus is impossible because of the abrupt accelerations at turn-around

The vestibular system is responsible for gaze stability (head movements), posture stability,spatial orientation, and navigation, which are all controlled by three reflexes within the vestibularsystem.1 If one of these system’s signals are interrupted, a person may experience bouts ofdizziness, unsteadiness, or decreased dynamic visual acuity (DVA) resulting in increased risk forfall, decreased confidence, and social withdrawal in healthy individuals and in those withvestibular dysfunction. The vestibular ocular reflex (VOR) is the primary system that gazestabilization exercises (GSE) have been shown to have an effect on due to the exercises exposingpatients to retinal slip. A retinal slip occurs when an object moves off of the fovea of the

Vision challenge or impairment is when a person’s degree of seeing is very low and the affected person requires assistance in order to carry out daily routine. Significantly, for one to qualify as visually impaired there must be prove that a person cannot undertake duties by himself without necessary assistance. For a person to qualify as a visually challenged, there must be a prove that the affected eyes cannot be conventionally treated. Visual challenge cannot be corrected by surgery, refractive measures neither by medication and that is why it is termed as visual impairment. The most rampart causes of visual challenge are trauma, degenerative or congenital means and a variety of diseases. In the society,