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Ece Formula List

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Institute Of Engineering Studies (IES,Bangalore) Formulae Sheet in ECE/TCE Department Communication Systems Amplitude Modulation : DSB-SC : u (t) = m(t) cos 2π t Power P = Conventioanal AM : u (t) = [1 + m(t)] Cos 2π t . as long as |m(t)| ≤ 1 demodulation is simple . Practically m(t) = a m (t) . () () Modulation index a = ( ) , m (t) = | ( )| Power = + SSB-AM : → Square law Detector SNR = () Square law modulator ↓ = 2a / a → amplitude Sensitivity Envelope Detector R C (i/p) < < 1 / ≥ Frequency & Phase Modulation : Angle Modulation :u (t) = ∅ (t) Cos (2π t + ∅ (t) ) ( ) → 2π m(t) . dt → phase & frequency deviation constant R C (o/P) >> 1/ R C x} = 1 – P { X ≤ x} = 1- (x) PDF :Pdf = (x) = (x) 7 No.1 Training center for …show more content…

Ph: 0 99003 99699/ 0 97419 00225 / 080-32552008 Email : onlineies.com@gmail.com Site: www.onlineIES.com Google+: http://bit.ly/gplus_iesgate FB: www.facebook.com/onlineies Institute Of Engineering Studies (IES,Bangalore) Formulae Sheet in ECE/TCE Department   Γ = -1 , S = ∞ = =j tan βl. may be inductive or capacitive based on length ‘0’ If l < λ / 4 → inductive ( +ve) < l < λ/2 → capacitive ( -ve) Open circuited line := = -j cot βl Γ =1 s=∞ = l < λ / 4 capacitive < l < λ/2 inductive Matched line : ( = ) = Γ = 0 ; s =1 No reflection . Total wave . So, max power transfer possible . Behaviour of Transmission Line for Different lengths :l = λ /4 → l = λ /2 : = ⇒ → impedance inverter @ l = λ /4 impedance reflector @ l = λ /2 Wave Guides :TM modes : ( = ) = sin x sin h =k +k ∴γ= ye + ω where k = ω m→ no. of half cycle variation in X-direction n→ no. of half cycle variation in Y- direction . Cut off frequency ω =   k < k > β= k  + u = phase velocity = + + + γ = 0; α = 0 = β →

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