Economic Systems: Eskimo Culture And Australian Aborigines

As Beard recognizes, "Native peoples often serve as reminders of a place, an occasion, or, most often a mythic past, and they are expected to perform that identity in the present" (494), what this quote speaks to is a kind of conspicuous performance, a social construction of Aboriginal peoples that pivots around a variety of stereotypes and systemic racism. Writing from the position of a pre-service secondary English language arts (ELA) teacher, my motivations in this paper involve using Marilyn Dumont 's poetry as a way to address Beard 's concerns, "[building students '] capacity for intercultural understanding, empathy, and mutual respect" (Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada, 7), while simultaneously teaching them how to analyse poetry. More specifically, Dumont 's series of beading poems, in her collection The Pemmican Eaters, provides an opportunity to engage high school students in a discussion around the significance of cultural practices, while at the same time revisiting the interplay of Canadian histories, both Aboriginal and colonial. At the same time, I will also describe Dumont 's use of irony, which Andrews explains as a cultural ethos that is a unique element of Plains peoples’ Indigenous art (3). Introducing this uniquely First Nations brand of irony to students may work to give life to Aboriginal culture, bringing "Native peoples . . . [out] of the mythic past" (Beard, 494) and into the present. Finally, the act of beading itself ties directly to

The Aboriginal peoples of Canada had gone through many situations to get to where they are today with their education system. Pain, sorrow, doubt, and hope are all feelings brought to mind when thinking about the history and the future of Aboriginal education. By taking a look at the past, anyone can see that the right to education for Aboriginal peoples has been fought about as early as the 1870s. This is still is a pressing issue today. Elder teachings, residential, reserve and post-secondary schools have all been concerning events of the past as well as the present. Though education has improved for the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, there are still many concerns and needs of reconciliation for the past to improve the future.

The Canadian native aboriginals are the original indigenous settlers of North Canada in Canada. They are made up of the Inuit, Metis and the First nation. Through archeological evidence old crow flats seem to the earliest known settlement sites for the aboriginals. Other archeological evidence reveals the following characteristics of the Aboriginal culture: ceremonial architecture, permanent settlement, agriculture and complex social hierarchy. A number of treaties and laws have been enacted amongst the First nation and European immigrants throughout Canada. For instance the Aboriginal self-government right was a step to assimilate them in Canadian society. This allows for a chance to manage

Aboriginals or indigenous Australians are the native people of Australia. Aboriginals were nomadic people who came to Australia about 40,000 – 60,000 years ago from Southeast Asia. Religion is a great part of Aboriginal culture. The essay answers these questions: What do Aboriginals belief? What is a Kinship system? What is Dreaming and Dreamtime? What rituals does Aboriginals have?

In the early seventeen century, the French, English, Dutch, and Swedish established colonies on the Atlantic coast. The newcomers start to made contact and trade with the Aboriginal people of the Eastern seaboard. The exotic goods was assimilated to existing belief systems gradually, and to enriching aboriginal people’s artistic and life. Furthermore, gift exchange is important. Some visual forms on gift represent peace making and diplomacy.

contemporary aboriginal & European relations. Last Indian Residential School in Canada closed (in BC last one closed in 1984).

Economic systems deal with beliefs & activities that administer products or services for consumers of a population. There are three unequivocal economic systems capitalist, socialism and mixed economy (Cullen, Parboteeach, 2014, p.92).

Socio-economics is an individuals ranking amongst a societial hierarchy. It is difficult to move between different levels in the social hierarchy as you often stay in the one you were born into. This causes a significant disadvantage for many Aboriginals in Canada as they are statistically born into and live in a lower socio- economic status. A persons socio- economic status is indicated or base upon many indicators. These indicators are: race, religion, gender, level of education, housing, amenities, employment and income (Smylie & Firestone, 2015). There is a direct correlation between an individual’s health and their socio-economic status; the lower the status results in a lower overall health (Richmond, 2016).

The Aboriginal People are very important to understand and address because they have contributed a lot to human innovation. Even though there isn’t much left of the Aboriginal people in the world they have left behind many aspects of their culture that we as humans can appreciate. They are one of the oldest living cultures to this day with an abundance of innovation, art and history.

The Aborigines are one of the oldest, unaffected cultures that remain in our world today. Their historical culture and territory, in the past, was unaffected by the constantly evolving world. Until recently, their historic society has remained sacred, yet today they are undergoing a colossal fight. The Australian government and uranium mining industries are attempting to build new mine fields, bullying Aborigine tribes and their leaders into ultimately selling their land for future nuclear waste dump sites.

The acknowledgement of country is very important as it recognises the first original owners of the land we now share; the original custodians of the land were the aboriginals. This shows the history and culture of Aboriginals and the hardship that they endured at that difficult time. The acknowledgement of country is used to bring both Indigenous Australians and other cultures together to share the land of their ancestors.

In Australia before the late eighteenth century, the native Aboriginal people’s unique culture flourished, fostering a great sense of pride within its inhabitants. The Aborigines were able to familiarize themselves with their geographical surroundings, which in turn helped them to obtain food, while simultaneously upholding their many traditional spiritual and ancestral beliefs. Many native songs, dances, and collections of art were referenced by the Aborigines in their “Dreamtime”, a collection of cultural stories that connected the spiritual world to their modern world and its creation. These stories conveyed the importance of treating nature with respect, a view that starkly contrasted with European philosophy. The Aboriginal people thrived in the terrain of Australia for nearly 40,000 years before British colonization in 1788. Many distinct tribes lived throughout Australia, and the Aboriginal population peaked at 500,000 people in the 1780’s during the pre-colonization era. During the early stages of their colonization of Australia, European forces did not intend to harm the Aboriginals, but due to Europe’s unrelenting racism and Social Darwinism, the Aboriginal culture was eventually obliterated.

Australia is standing for two indigenous groups. Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders. It is impossible to speak just of one Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander religion, because there were just more than one.

Therefore, it comes down to not only a question of welfare but also of cultural differences and whether the white population deemed the aboriginal way of life to be undesirable rather than the children’s living conditions. Jacobs (2009, p. 256) makes the assertion that the aboriginal conditions were judged in comparison to white middle-class, Christian standards and were not applicable to an indigenous context. For example, it was reported by Elkin, a contemporary academic who studied aborigine culture, that the aborigines showed no desire to join a mission and to partake in the ways of the white people, as farming, houses, and schools interfered with the aboriginals’ pre-existent lifestyle of nomadism (Elkin, 1951). Therefore, their perceived ‘inhumane’ lifestyle and their resistance to conforming to a white lifestyle arguably confirmed the held beliefs that the aborigine culture was detrimental and inhumane to the Indigenous children. This can further be seen in the aims set out in to be accomplished with the aborigines by Leake, Premier of Western Australia; these being humanising, civilising and Christianising (Prinsep, 1900-1901). This clearly indicates that the white settlers were working towards a goal with the aboriginals, and that perhaps this perceived inferiority affirms the HREOC’s (1997) assessment that ‘systematic racial discrimination’ did occur.

Economic system allows countries to follow procedure to produce goods using resources available in the countries. It allows the countries to know how much and for whom to produce. There are different types of economic systems in different countries and they all have their different regulations according to their planned economic system. There are two different types of market: Free Market and Planned market.