It is argued that inclusion is unending, so that there is no such thing as an inclusive school (Ballard 1995). In order to facilitate this idea, all schools must continually develop greater inclusion for diversity of students (Sebba and Ainscow 1996). Inclusive schooling has previously been described as a process that fosters participation by all students and staff as a base for future school development (Bines 2000). This is as a result of the introduction of inclusive policies and the ever increasingly diverse learning needs that have forced school staff to alter their approach and their organisation of students, models of support, teaching staff roles, and approaches to teaching and the curriculum.
Anderson and Boyle’s article drew on research to measure the success (or not) of Inclusive Education (IE) in Australia. The first main idea stated there was no primary definition which educational diversity and inclusive practice were successful by utilising a range of different needs teachers in Australia. The second main idea stated that the public education system is carrying the burden of an increasingly diverse population. Anderson and Boyle supported this through their explanations of the practical issues involved in assessment, planning, and implementing inclusive curriculum and pedagogy. The Australian education system has multiple varied approaches to working with students with disabilities
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These teachers portray the desired skills, emotions, and responsiveness in order to provide quality education, engagement, and outcomes for all students, equally. Anderson and Boyle support the notion that teachers play a vital role in teaching and learning by proclaiming that teacher effects are the single most important variable influencing student achievement (OECD p.2, 2005; Barrett, 2014, p.
Furthermore, knowledge of social disadvantage, cultural diversity, and inequality of students can broaden educators' understanding. Knowledge in these areas can be understood as forming part of the ‘hidden curriculum’. Blaise & Nuttall (2011) describe the hidden curriculum as unintentional actions which surround curriculum (p. 82). Due to the importance of the impact of factors in the hidden curriculum, it can be understood that it is critical for teachers to develop a broad understanding of the hidden curriculum so that they can be mindful while interpreting and delivering curricular experiences. Teachers need to consider the hidden curriculum to ensure children's needs are acknowledged and that a safe environment that is free from stereotypes, prejudice and discrimination is
As a teacher when delivering any lessons planned we have to make sure that each students individual needs are met, so they will feel included in the lesson. “Inclusion is about creating interesting, varied and inspiring learning opportunities for all learners, ensuring all learners contribute and are never disadvantaged by methods, language or resources” Wilson (2008).
Consistently throughout the PGDE course we are studying how to become a more inclusive practitioner whether it is through campus based learning, additional readings or teaching experience in local schools. We continuously strive towards learning how to make school a more inclusive environment. This assignment exemplified with references to reading such as Government policies, legislation and research articles as well as reflecting on my own teaching experience I hope to highlight the teachers’ role in creating an inclusive environment within an individual classroom. Having studied selective literature with theories and research, which could have influenced Scottish Education Policies, I draw attention to discrepancies on matters of inclusion and social justice that exist between them and the implications they have for learning.
Curriculum is designed to develop successful learners. Confident and creative individuals and active and informed citizens (MCEECDYA, 2008, p.13). In 2008, the Australian Government promised to deliver a fair and equitable curriculum for the national’s educational system, taking the task away from the State and Local Governments. The purpose of this was to create an even level of education throughout the country whether in Hobart of Cape York, and to ensure our nations position into the 21st century. This essay will demonstrate the Nation’s curriculum, its structure and development ready for its initial implementation in 2011.
Inclusive practice in education moves us away from ‘integration’ and ‘mainstreaming’ of learners, which was mainly concerned with separating those with a disability or ‘special educational needs’ until they had reached the required standard for mainstream education. Inclusion is about the learner’s right to participate and the teacher/ institutions duty to accept the learner as an individual. Inclusion rejects the separation of learners with disabilities from learners without disabilities; instead it promotes equality and respect for their social, civil, human and educational rights. From what I can see there are few totally inclusive schools but those that are, restructure their curriculum so all can learn
Creating an inclusive learning environment is an extremely important aspect of modern education, which, according to Gravells (2008: p18), ensures that “[…] all learners are entitled to be treated with respect and dignity. Everyone is an individual, with different experiences, abilities and needs.” She also offers a brief explanation of inclusivity (2008: p18), which is “[…] involving all learners in relevant activities rather than excluding them for any reason directly or indirectly.” Inclusion has also been defined by John Tomlinson (1996: p26) as “the greatest degree of match or fit between individual learning requirements and provision”. In the other words, inclusive learning environment nurtures individual potential of all learners,
In a contemporary Australian school setting, inclusion is the ongoing collaboration of all members of the school community to effectively meet the diverse needs of all students, including those with additional needs (Blackmore, 2009; Lyons, 2014). All students regardless of their cultural background or ability level should experience an enriching education where they feel included and supported. Creating inclusive cultures, producing inclusive policies and evolving inclusive practices are the best ways to promote learning and participation in schools for all students (Centre for Studies on Inclusive Education, 2012; Dempsey, 2014).
Inclusive learning is about making sure that every learner in the classroom has their needs identified and met. It is about realising that every learner will have specific individual needs and it is the job of the teacher to accommodate the needs of all of their learners. Booth et al. (2000) state ‘Inclusion is seen to involve the identification and minimising of barriers to learning and participation’ (Booth et al., 2000: 13).
Through my theoretical and small practical understanding of inclusive education I will be embracing the concept and practice of inclusion through the use of the term Curriculum Differentiation, which is all about arranging the classroom learning environment to be more suitable for students of all types, abilities and learning capacities to have the chance to reach their own individual maximum potentials (Carpenter, 2010). Through researching and learning about inclusion I have come to believe and agree with the statement of “Diversity not Deficit” when teaching in an inclusive school or classroom (Queensland Government, 2005). This statement reflects my own personal philosophy of inclusive education, as it pushes my strong belief that education is about not seeing any of the students, their families or the
The eleventh hour, leaving something to the last possible moment, not unlike what I did during this assignment. Of course this could be the result of the chronic laziness that supposedly pervades our generation or it could be the result of an education system unable to compensate for student's needs. The Australian education system is failing it's students at every level. Not only have the systems in place failed to secure a reputable national standard but the ways the systems are implemented have created mass problems for the mental health of students.
It is important here to clearly distinguish between the terms of integration and inclusion as they are often interchanged (Thompson, 2002). Ainscow (1995) suggests that integration is about making a limited number of additional arrangements for individual pupils with SEN in schools which themselves change little overall, reflecting Warnock’s report. On the other hand, inclusion implies the introduction of a set of changes through which schools restructure themselves so as to be able to embrace all children. Integration involves the school in a process of assimilation where the onus is on the assimilating individual (whether a pupil with SEN or a pupil with a different cultural and linguistic background) to make changes so that they can 'fit in'. By contrast inclusion involves the school in a process of accommodation where the onus is on the school to change, adapting curricula, methods, materials and procedures so that it becomes more responsive. The creation of an inclusive school system certainly appears to harbour numerous challenges including: changing of staff attitudes; restructuring of the physical
The United States needs to follow other countries around the world by using different education systems and pricing that will save people thousands of dollars. A. Supporting detail/claim/evidence 1. Logos: Steven Schwartz uses how “Australian university qualifications are based largely on 'seat time' (hours spent studying a subject). For example, government regulation mandates that a bachelor's degree consist of three years (or six semesters) of study.'' Some universities allow students to complete a bachelor's degree in two years by adding a summer session, but the total study time is the same“ (schwartz 4).
Australia is a leading global education provider with some of the world’s best facilities and expert tutors, providing local and international students with a variety of courses and programs in their respective field of study. The education system is popular and degree from any Australian University is globally recognized. It is the 3rd most popular international student destination i.e., after USA and UK. Out of the top 100 Universities in the world, 8 are Australian. In terms of University system ranking Australia stands 9th in the world. Many students are choosing Australia over other countries like UK or US because of the pleasant and adaptable climatic conditions, safe and multicultural environment. When compared to other destinations
Apart from changeable and inconsistent policies of inclusive education, the interpretation of the concept “inclusion” may affect the current direction of inclusive practices. According to a report from the National Council on Intellectual Disability (NCID) (Australia) submitted to the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, the old paradigm of exclusion hidden by the inclusive practices and misinterpretation of inclusive principles promoted by the UN convention have set up barriers to prevent the achievement of Australian inclusive education (NCID,
Inclusive education is concerned with the education and accommodation of ALL children in society, regardless of their physical, intellectual, social, or linguistic deficits. Inclusion should also include children from disadvantaged groups, of all races and cultures as well as the gifted and the disabled (UNESCO, 2003). Inclusion tries to reduce exclusion within the education system by tackling, responding to and meeting the different needs of all learners (Booth, 1996). It involves changing the education system so that it can accommodate the unique styles and way of learning of each learner and ensure that there is quality education for all through the use of proper resources, suitable curricula, appropriate