Energy And Water Quality Of Municipal Water Supply And Wastewater Treatment

This report will cover the history, operations and future potential for the St Marys Sewage Treatment Plant and St Mary’s Water Recycling Plant, which located in an industrial area in St Mary’s, a western suburb of Sydney.

Around the world our water supply is depleting. Our water is becoming contaminated making it harmful for both mammals and aquatic life. Today over one billion people go without adequate water supply and every fifteen seconds a child dies of waterborne illness. Sources of water that once supplied water to millions can no longer meet the supply and demand of the water need. Scientist predict that the amount of useful water will keep depleting greatly in the years to come. In the next couple of pages it will talk about both the geological and human reasons as to why are water supply is depleting.

Purpose: To demonstrate the treatment steps that a typical municipal water treatment plant utilize, which include coagulation, sedimentation, and filtration, to filter and disinfect to comply with the EPA’s standards when entering distribution system and our homes. Materials: 500 mL of turbid surface water (contains 600 mg/L clay) 500 L glass beaker 10 mL glass beaker 10 mL graduated cylinder 6 mL concentrated ferric chloride (FeCl3, 4000 mg/L) stirring rod turbidimeter Method: Collect 500 mL of tap water to the 500 mL glass beaker.

Water sustainability is an ever-growing problem because of the increase in population, and over consumption used by agriculture, industry, and domestic which are using more water than we are able to supply. According to CBS News, California’s water shortage has been a big issue since 2011. Climate change has a lot to do with the amount of water we have available to us because the amount we need does not cut out to the amount needed to satisfy the population. Therefore, conservation is key; we must take into consideration the amount we use in a daily basis. Both you and I can easily save water we have, directly and indirectly like what we consume with what we eat, buy and use, which would overall improve water sustainability.

A surge in the global population in the past century has brought about an immense strain on the commons. It is estimated that 35% of the global population suffers from “severe water stress” (Wada et al., 2010). Only 3% of the world’s supply of water is freshwater, with 68.7% being locked away in the glaciers, 30.1% in ground water, and 0.9% in surface water bodies (Shiklomanov, 1993). This makes groundwater the most abundant fresh water source readily available for human consumption. Estimates for global groundwater withdrawal are between 750 and 800 cubic kilometers per year (Konikow et al., 2005). Severe land subsidence and depletion of the groundwater table is occurring in both developing and developed nations. This has made

The recycling of water, or “greywater” is household water that is collected from appliances like sinks, showers and water using appliances such as washing machines. In a raw unpurified state is commonly used for vegetation, places like parks, golf courses and local governments report needing to use decreased amounts of expensive fertilizers. Although any water used on city or government property that is “greywater” must first go through a purification process. The decreased need for fertilizer was found to be a cause of nutrients previously in the water that were not removed during the purification process.

The influence of the control and operational parameters within a sewage treatment plant are reviewed by performing multiple regression analysis on the effluent quality of the sewage treatment. The models of chemical oxygen demand and total nitrogen within the effluent of the settling tanks can be based on the multiple regression analysis. The results can be a prediction of close accuracy measurements. It may be concluded that the model was accurately predicting the variances of the actual observed values. If having the data on the energy spent on each operating condition can be collected, then the operating parameter that conserves energy without violating the effluent quality standards of chemical oxygen demand and total nitrogen can be determined using the regression model and the standardized regression coefficients.

During the last twenty years the USEPA has been evaluating decentralized wastewater treatment technologies as a reliable alternative for wastewater treatment. In 1997, the EPA submitted to congress its Report and subsequent documents endorsing decentralized wastewater treatment as a permanent long-term solution for wastewater treatment. The Report stated that adequately managed decentralized wastewater systems are a cost effective long-term option for meeting public health and water quality goals, particularly in less densely populated areas. The following is a summary the key components of the Report:

Abstract – The world can’t be imagined without IC Engines ,as their applications are wider in various fields. And mainly used input for this engines are fossil fuels. But the challenge in this is decreasing rate of resources. The fossil fuels may not be available after some years if they used in the same way .Not only the fossil but also the electric power is the non renewable energy, This paper concentrates to run the engine without fossil fuels or electricity.

Looking at the Wheaton Sanitary District historical weekly wastewater treated data the treatment capacity of the plant exceeded the design capacity at least 5 times in last 8 years highlighted in red text in the "Figure - The Wheaton Sanitary District historical weekly wastewater treated data: 2008-2015".

However, the problems are found in these motor for variable speed operation over last decades keeping technology growth in power semiconductors, microprocessors, adjustable speed drivers control schemes and permanent-magnet brushless electric motor production have been joined to enable reliable, cost-effective solution for a wide area of adjustable speed applications.

The report finds BOD levels meet the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit renewal standards. Results for suspended solids shows an opposite trend. Suspended solids increase throughout the course of the water treatment. This does not meet NPDES standards. Further suspended solids test will be needed to insure a minimal amount of error. If the same trend continues, the facility may need to be redesigned to meet NPDES standards.

Solving the global water crisis moves beyond the technical feasibility stage.(2011). Trends Magazine, (104), 19-24.

The main requirement of RO process is the selection of membrane and energy requirement is of the initial pressurization of the feed

Every day Americans depend on public water systems to treat and deliver over 44 billion gallons of water to homes daily (“Importance of Clean Water”). However, Americans