Epstein-Bar Virus Experiment

The ELISA test can also be used to detect antibodies that are produced in response to a specific antigen. Using information about how you completed this ELISA experiment, outline a procedure for testing for antibodies in the blood.

| Glandular fever is spread through saliva. It can be spread through kissing, exposure to coughs and sneezes. Sharing eating and

Nipah virus, Arena Virus and Francisella tularensis are bioterrorism agents. They work in various ways to harm the host. Francisella tularenis is considered a Tier 1 bioterrorism agent and Nipah virus is an overlap select agent that affects humans and agriculture both. They have been harmful in the past. Though, Nipah virus is a newer virus than the other two. This review will focus on their emergence, pathogenicity and symptoms of the diseases they cause.

Pink or red rash that starts on the face and spreads downward to other parts of the body. Mild fever, swollen and tender lymph nodes, runny nose,

The Epstein-Barr Virus is part of the herpesvirus family and was the first virus discovered to cause a human cancer.  The virus has two stages of its life cycle, the latent phase, which allows the virus to lie dormant within a cell and the host and the lytic phase where the virus reproduces and spreads among cells.  Haloperidol (HPD), a common mood stabilizer, aids in the initiation of the lytic cycle.  Administering the Haloperidol at varying concentrations and exposure lengths will test what is the best time and concentration that will activate viral gene expression.  Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) will monitor the amplification of the BZLF1 gene expressed from the lytic virus and myc gene from the cell.  These genes are regulatory

Taking a cruise can be a fun and amazing experience, but what about the hidden illnesses? Many cruises have had the so called Norovirus onboard, and that has kept many people from sailing. I personally think that if the right measures are taken, such as washing your hands and using the utensils when getting the food from the buffet, everything will be okay.

The Enzymes linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA) is a commonly used biochemical technique, often used in immunology as a way to detect the presence of an antibody or antigen in a sample.

Many people are infected each year by what is known as the stomach flu. Little do you know that the stomach flu is part of the Norwalk Virus. Norwalk Virus also known as Norovirus is an extremely contagious virus. This virus causes your intestines and or stomach to inflame which leads you to have stomach pain, nausea, diarrhea, and puking.

Mononucleosis, Infectious mononucleosis, is a viral illness that is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus and is commonly referred to as the “kissing disease”. Mononucleosis most often occurs between the ages of childhood to early adulthood. Mononucleosis is asymptomatic with flu like symptoms that may not be immediately recognized as mononucleosis. In most cases, mono symptoms are mild and can be resolved at home. Mono is not typically serious and usually clears up within one to two months.

Infectious Mononucleosis is a viral infection characterized by swelling of the lymph glands. Mononucleosis is more commonly referred to as "mono" or "kissing disease" because it is transferred by saliva. Mono was first named “glandular fever” in the 1880s by a group of german physicians; the name stems from the characteristics of having swollen glands and high fever. Glandular fever was given the name Infectious Mononucleosis in 1920 by Thomas P. Sprunt and Frank A. Evans. In 1932, two researchers that go by the names of Paul and Bunnell discovered a way to help doctors diagnose mono more accurately. A few years later Anthony Epstein, Barr and Achong discovered Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) in the year 1964 and categorized it in the herpes family. Epstein-Barr Virus and Infectious Mononucleosis had no connection until 1968 when Gertrude and Werner Henle discovered how to inoculate EBV and found a link between the two.

Scarlet fever, scarlet fever is an infection caused by group A streptococcus. The symptoms as fever of 101 degree F or higher, sore throat, strawberry tongue, sandpaper rash that may first appear in the neck, underarm, and groin, swollen glands, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain (Center for disease control and prevention, 2015).

Mono’s nickname “The Kissing Disease” comes from its ability to transfer by human contact with saliva. This, however, is not particular to just kissing. Mono can be transferred through anything that has touched the saliva of anyone infected by it. Things such as sharing chapstick or lipstick, straws, utensils, or cups can transmit the virus. Even sneezing or coughing in a close radius can transmit the disease via droplet. Mono is most common in people ages 15-25, and is at it's prime during high school years. Cases of

A new discovery that rivals the original idea that bacterial viruses only steal DNA from bacteria was found early this year in a virus called the “WO virus”, which carries the gene that codes for the poison of a black widow spider. The poison is named “latrotoxin”, which is a toxin that can break down a eukaryotes cell membrane. Researchers believe that the “WO virus pinched the gene for “latrotoxin” to be able to penetrate through animal cells. This article is very interesting because it shows how bacteria and virus evolve every day and adapt to new environments to survive.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a quite common virus that belongs to the herpesviruses family and affects about 50-80 percent of U.S. adults by the time they reach middle age. Although it is very common, most people acquire the virus after they are born and then never develop any symptoms or complications. Therefore, most people often do not even know they have the virus and go on to lead healthy lives. However, if the virus is passed from a pregnant mother to her unborn child (fetus), it can become a much more serious issue (CDC, 2013, p. Overview).

EBV (Epstein Barr Virus) also known as Gamma herpes Virus – 1, is amongst a large family of approximately 100 herpes virus, 8 of these are known to infect humans. These are Cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus -1 and -2, varicella-zoster virus, human herpes virus 6 (variant A and B), human herpes virus 7, kaposi’s sarcoma (human herpes virus 8) and EBV (gamma Herpes Virus -1). All of these are classified into 3 different subfamilies known as alpha, beta and gamma dependant on the specificity of cell host range and tropism. The alpha group includes Herpes simplex virus -1 and -2, and Varicella-Zoster Virus and can be described to have a broad host cell range, a short reproductive cycle in epithelial cells and efficiently spreads well in culture.