Danielle Torres English 111 Carol Kaiser 10 April 2017 Bariatric Surgery and Long-Term Control of Morbid Obesity Obesity, defined by an individual’s body mass index (BMI) > 30kg/, is a chronic physical illness that has reached epidemic levels in the United States (Brolin 2793). In fact, due to the increasing obesity levels, a new category with a defined BMI has been added—morbid obesity, defined as a weight of 100% over ideal body weight, with a BMI of 40 or more (Brolin). It is estimated that approximately 5% of the US population is morbidly obese, often labeled as the number one US public health problem (Buchwald et al. 1724). When treating a morbidly obese patient, the resolution of existing comorbidities is an equally important …show more content…
While there are several surgical options, there are two procedures that are most commonly perfomed. The gastric bypass procedure divides the patients stomach into two pieces, rerouting the large intestine to the smaller of the two pouches—limiting the amount of food a patient can eat, as well as reducing food absorption after indigestion (Groven et al 509). So, the gastric bypass surgery is not only the most commonly performed procedure, but it results in the most significant amount of weight loss (Groven et al 509). Another commonly performed and fairly new procedure is the sleeve gastrectomy. During a sleeve gastrectomy procedure, the surgeon removes 70-80% of the patient’s stomach, creating a tubular pouch that often resembles a banana—limiting the number of calories that can be absorbed (Gumbs et al 962). This new tubular stomach pouch holds a considerably smaller volume than the normal stomach, helping significantly reduce the amount of food that can be consumed, as well as reducing hunger and blood sugar levels (Gumbs et al 962). Although the gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy are the most common bariatric surgeries, every weight loss surgical procedure reduces caloric intake by modifying the anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract; therefore, resulting in not only weight loss but the loss or reduction of existing …show more content…
Diabetes can cause serious health complications like heart disease, blindness, kidney failure, and in more serious cases—lower-extremity amputations (Eckel et al 1). While common treatment suggested for patients with diabetes is diet and exercise, the traditional forms for weight loss has been shown to not be very effective. So, many persons with diabetes have resorted to surgically induced weight loss (Buchwald et al). Although improvement in blood glucose control is related to weight loss, a common problem compounded by diabetics is the increased difficulty of losing weight, in comparison to a person without diabetes (Dixon et al 2). The use of weight loss surgery has led to improvement and remission of Type II diabetes mellitus, although diabetes was previously considered a progressive and incurable disease (Slomski 762). In fact, some patients that undergo bariatric surgery are able to leave the hospital without the need for antidiabetic medication (Slomski 762). Weight loss not only reduces insulin resistance, but diabetes is cured by bariatric surgery nearly 80% of the time (Pasupathy 232). No other therapy has produced such durable and complete control of diabetes mellitus (Pories et al
Benefit of bariatric surgery is that overweight patients lose excess Body fat. Another benefit is that obesity related health conditions often improve or are eliminated because of this loss weight. The common conditions are diabetes, severe arthritis, high blood pressure and sleep apnea which often improve after a patient undergoes bariatric surgery. For some, weight loss surgery can even be a lifesaving process. Noticeably, weight reduction surgery also conveys dangers. They are quite negligible. Truth be told, weight reduction surgery carries a risk that is proportional to having your hip supplanted. That
Obesity remains an extremely serious issue worldwide. Once considered a problem for wealthier counties, overweight and obesity are now dramatically increasing in low and middle income countries (WHO, 2011). In American, the rates of obesity continue to soar. CDC (2009) recognizes obesity as a risk factor for diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, and other health problems. According to NHANES over two-thirds of the US are overweight or obese, and over one-third are obese (CDC, 2009). Treatment for this illness varies; it may include the incorporation of diet, exercise, behavior modification, medication, and surgery. Since there is no single cause of all overweight and obesity, there is no single way to prevent or treat overweight
Obesity is becoming an increasingly significant health concern in the United States, nearly to the point of epidemic proportions. To be considered obese, one’s body weight must be at least 20% over their ideal body weight; unfortunately with this definition, over 30% of all Americans are obese. Alarmingly, approximately
The last decade has welcomed, with open arms, a new epidemic: obesity. Currently in the United States, more than one-third of adults, 35.7%, and approximately 17% of children and adolescents are obese. Obesity is not only a problem in the US but also worldwide with its prevalence doubling in high income and economically advanced countries and is also growing in under-developed areas. Its incidence rate is continually increasing with each successive generation and in each age group, including the elderly (Byles, 2009; Dorner and Rieder, 2011).
Affecting over 36% of the population, obesity is a rising epidemic within the United States. An estimated 75% of adults over the age of twenty are classified as overweight or obese (Kolata, 2016). The disease affects women more significantly than men, with a greater prevalence within African American and Hispanic ethnic groups. Extreme obesity (BMI >40), affects six percent, and growing, of the American populace. This rise in obesity correlates not lonely with a lower life expectancy but also a rise in numerous other non-communicable diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, pulmonary ailments, cardiovascular diseases, and mental health issues. Although the obesity epidemic is seen mostly within developed countries, such as the United States, the non-communicable disease is showing advancing prevalence and incidence rates worldwide, including low and middle income countries. The World Health Organization estimates one billion people are classified as overweight or obese (Kapil, 2016). In addition to the plethora of additional health care problems, obese patients are often hard to treat as the health care system does not yet have the equipment to detect, measure, or treat possible underlying problems. The treatment of obesity and related conditions is currently estimated to reach $100 billion within the United States (Kapil, 2016). Accounting for more than 100,000 premature deaths each year, the disease is the second highest noncommunicable and preventable disease
Gastric Sleeve Surgery, also known as the sleeve gastrectomy, has become a popular choice for patients seeking excelling weight loss in a straightforward procedure that doesn't require maintenance and long-term complication rates of a Lap Band. On January 1st, 2010 United Healthcare added gastric sleeve surgery to their list of covered surgeries for weight loss. Over the following two years, almost every other major insurance company followed suit. From 2010 to 2015 gastric sleeves became the fastest growing bariatric surgery procedure. (www.obesitycoverage.com.)
Weight loss surgery, also known as bariatric surgery is recommended by many physicians to people who are unable to benefit from traditional weight loss methods. However, choosing to undergo weight loss surgery isn’t an easy decision. It is an important decision that will drastically and permanently impact a person’s life. Therefore, before making such a significant decision, an individual should be aware of both the risks and benefits associated with weight loss surgery (McGowan & Chopra ix).
Gastric bypass is a surgical procedure that involves removing a large chunk of your stomach and attaching the remainder to your small intestine, making you feel full with less food. I’ve chosen this weight loss surgery as the method for you because of its speedy surgery and easiness. In the article “Reversal of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Obesity has dramatically increased in the United States over the past two decades. Along with obesity come many serious, preventable health conditions. Currently, more than one-third of adults in the United States are obese (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2015). If current trends continue, experts predict that half of all Americans will be obese by the year 2030 (CDC, 2015). Body mass index (BMI) is said to provide the most useful population-level measure of overweight and obesity (National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA), 2015). Using tools such as the adult BMI assessment, health care providers can identify problems and work with patients on a solution to decrease the incidence of obesity and maintain
Strokes, heart disease, cancer, type 2 diabetes, breathing disorders are all factors of obesity: these are some things people go through, when struggling with weight. The New England Journal of Medicine, patients with obesity were given “life style coaches” to help them lose weight (“Is”). Obesity is a deadly thing people cannot control their weight the right way. Gastric bypass surgery is something to treat obesity, a problem that increases in body weight, physical appearance of people, which causes weight gain. When obesity is not treated properly, there are many stipulations that can go wrong, affecting most of the organs: heart, liver, kidneys. Gastric bypass is an alternative to get rid of it. Gastric bypass is a surgical procedure that
A growing problem within the United States (US), as well as internationally, is the increasing epidemic of obesity. The Center for Disease Control (CDC) recognizes a body mass index (BMI), measured in units of kg/m2, 25.0-29.9 as overweight, 30+ as obese, and 40+ as extreme obesity (CDC, 2015). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the number one cause of death is non-communicable diseases (2015), which include diabetes, heart disease, hyperlipidemia, cerebral vascular accidents, cancer, and hypertension. Excess bodyweight is the sixth leading health factor that contributes to the burden of disease worldwide, with approximately 1.1 billion adults being classified as overweight or obese (Haslam & James, 2005). According to authors Cawley and Meyerhoefer (2012), in 2005 the US spent $190 billion on obesity-related health care expenses, more than double previous expense analysis of the same concerns.
In Bijal P. Trivedi’s report “The Bypass Cure,” she details the history of gastric bypass surgery, its effect on type two diabetes, and the how one doctor is using his understanding of modern gastric bypass applications to save the lives of his patients. Diabetes is a serious disease that affects over 25 million people in America, and 439 million people worldwide. Over 200,000 gastric bypasses are performed in America each year. Due to the cost many patients are unable to receive the life changing procedure. One of the patients who will be receiving this procedure is Nancy Rubio who was nearly twice the normal weight of a person her height. Her weight had slowly increased throughout her life, due to her unhealthy diet and having two children. She eventually developed type two diabetes which then led to arthritic knee pain, high blood pressure, increased cholesterol and elevated blood sugar. Fearing for her life, Rubio opted to receive a modern version of the Roux-en-Y. The Roux-en-Y involves surgically decreasing the lining of the stomach to a small pouch, which reduces the patient’s appetite and eating. The pouch is then connected to the lower section of the intestine. Due to the nature of the surgery Rubio will lose weight very fast, but also miraculously have her type two diabetes go into remission or possibly eliminated.
Obesity has become the silent killer in American society. It is a risk factor for numerous chronic diseases including the four leading causes of death. Obesity can be linked to stroke, heart disease, cancer and diabetes, all serious health problems that can be fatal. Obesity is linked to 300,000 deaths annually in the industrial world (Flamholz, 2001). Often in society and in the medical community there exists a lack of understanding that obesity is in fact a disease and needs attention, otherwise the rates of many diseases will continue to climb.
It was merely a decade ago that the obesity epidemic was thought to only be a minor problem and had only alarmed a small number of endocrinologists interested by the size of the situation (James, 2008). However today, the problem of obesity is vast with more awareness of its presence by doctors and individuals alike. In fact, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention states, “More than one-third (34.9% or 78.6 million) of U.S. adults are obese (CDC, 2014)”. These numbers are outrageous and eye opening, leaving millions looking for a solution to this troubling epidemic. Obesity is not simply a cosmetic flaw as some might think, but is actually a very dangerous state of being for any individual to sustain long-term. Mentioned further in
A rising health epidemic that America is currently facing today is obesity. This is becoming very wide spread among all races and class levels due in part to the abundance of inexpensive food available, most notably, fast food restraints . There are literally thousands of diet books available but due to the extreme will power many of these programs demand, more and more people are turning to weight loss surgery as a final solution. The most popular procedures being Gastric Bypass, and Lap Band surgery. Although these are now fairly common procedures with a high rate of success there are also many differences that one should consider when choosing which would be a better fit for themselves . Three of the biggest differences would be