Essay On Regulating Breathing Within The Brainstem

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Martini, Frederic, Judi L. Nath, and Edwin F. Bartholomew.Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology. 9th ed. San Francisco, CA: Benjamin Cummings, 2012. Print.

Among various types of organ systems, the nervous system is one of the most important one in human body. It is responsible for producing, controlling and guiding our thoughts and responses to the world around us according to James W. Pennebaker (2012). During embryological development, the cells that form nervous system are incredibly specialised and work complexly than the cells that form skin or other body parts. Neurosecretory cells are one of the examples of specialised nervous system cells that produce neurosecretions. Neurosecretions are hormones which carry information from sensor cells to target cells and they can be released directly into the bloodstream

When Breath Becomes Air is a newly published book that I found myself captivated in until the very end. This book reminded me a lot of Being Mortal, which is another book that we sophomore nursing students need to read this semester. Both books kept me coming back, wanting and needing to know what happens; both books having their struggles, and both books following around males in the healthcare industry. When Breath Becomes Air follows around a young male neurosurgeon, Paul Kalanithi, who is striving to finish his residency and take his place as a neurosurgeon in the real world. After slaving way for numerous years through undergraduate, medical school, and residency, Paul is more than ready to make it on his own as both a neurosurgeon and a neuroscientist. When Paul is making his final stretch at the end, he winds up in a place he never imagined himself: the patient bed. Paul is diagnosed with Stage IV lung cancer at a very young age, the late twenties/early thirties age, something that is very uncommon. The book shows his struggles physically, emotionally, and mentally as Paul and his wife Lucy fight the never-ending battle between a person and cancer.

In the Summer of 2015 I had the opportunity of accomplishing my own research project. With the help of my graduate student, I led us to better understand the neural pathway

The respiratory system is a complex organ structure of the human body anatomy, and the primary purpose of this system is to supply the blood with oxygen in order for the blood vessels to carry the precious gaseous element to all parts of the body to accomplish cell respiration. The respiratory system completes this important function of breathing throughout inspiration. In the breathing process inhaling oxygen is essential for cells to metabolize nutrients and carry out some other tasks, but it must occur simultaneously with exhaling when the carbon dioxide is excreted, this exchange of gases is the respiratory system's means of getting oxygen to the blood (McGowan, Jefferies & Turley, 2004).

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I would tell the doctor to stop if he didn’t start and grab a manual ventilator and try to find a replacement mechanical ventilator.

The respiratory system consists of the lungs and air passages. The system functions to bring in air and extract oxygen and remove carbon dioxide*. The body can hold 4 to 6 minutes worth of oxygen so the respiratory system must work at all times to prevent death. There are multiple parts to the respiratory system for example, the nose has nostrils or nares. It contains a nasal septum which divides the nose into hollow spaces called nasal cavities. The nose filters the air with the mucus produced. Also located in the nose are the olfactory receptors, and nasolacrimal ducts. The sinuses which are resonating chambers of cavities located in the skull. A larger part of the respiratory system is the pharynx also known as the throat. It is located directly behind the nasal area, divided into three parts; nasopharynx(upper portion), Oropharynx(middle portion), Laryngopharynx (lower portion). The larynx also known as the “voice box” located between the trachea and pharynx. Trachea also known as the windpipe extends from the larynx to the center of the chest; its functions to carry air between the pharynx and bronchi. The bronchi function to carry air to the lungs. The right bronchus is more vertical, shorter, and wider compared to the left.Bronchi continue to branch off into smaller bronchioles, the smallest is called terminal bronchioles which deliver air to the alveoli. 500 million alveoli, which have a rich network of capillaries needed for exchange of oxygen and CO2( taken place

By entering the field of respiratory therapy, one is entering a growing field of opportunity. There are continually emergent job opportunities in this field whereas there is also a rise of growth in the technology and developments in the field such as medicines, techniques, and other aspects.

Doctor Linqun Luo is a professor here at Stanford and currently teaches neurobiology and does research as the principal investigator in the Luo Lab as a member of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. His primary research area is the human brain focusing on neural circuits and how they function, how precise are the connections, how they develop. To this end his lab is using fly and mouse models to study their various circuits, centering mainly on the olfactory, and exploring the early development of neural networks in mammals (Luo Lab Bio). In order to write this commentary on the topic “How do neurons connect with each other”, I have chosen two pieces to read. The first, from Science magazine, outlines the main issues, goals, and paths the world is taking to understand to understand neuroscience including the research being done to answer the question in his topic. The second paper, from Cell Press, is a much more technical paper which outlines one of the pathways Luo isolated in the olfactory cortex of mice and how their neurons may connect.

Corresponding upper motor neuron innervation for the aforementioned motor component are also involved. The second and third parts encompass the mechanoreceptor system, which responds to stretch and irritants to regulate the rate and volume of respiration, and the chemoreceptor system.

In When Breathe Becomes Air, Dr. Kalanithi focuses on patient and not the problem. An example of this is when Melissa first introduces Dr. Kalanithi to Mrs. Garcia, who is a 22-year-old mother pregnant with twins. In the book, he went through Mrs. Garcia’s charts and realized that this was her second time giving birth and she had no prenatal care and had no insurance at all. He should have used more of that time to look into her problem versus seeing if she had insurance or not and comparing stuff from her last pregnancy. He decided that the only way the twins could survive was by having a C-section, although this was a in the moment thing, the mother was never asked what she wanted done. Although most mothers would want what is best for

The respiratory system is the process responsible for the transportation and exchange of gases into and out of the human body. As we breath in, oxygen in the air containing oxygen is drawn into the lungs through a series of air pipes known as the airway and into the lungs. As air is drawn into the lungs and waste gas excreted, it passes through the airway, first through the mouth or nose and through the pharynx, larynx and windpipe – also known as the trachea. At this point it then enters the lungs through the bronchi before finally reaching the air sacs known as alveoli. Within the lungs, through a process known as diffusion, the oxygen is transferred to the blood stream through the alveoli (air ducts) where it is then transported inside

     One of the most complex and fascinating things in the human body is the brain. The body is “capable of almost everything, but it would not be possible, without the brain receiving information, and analyzing the information.”