The Holocaust is known as the premeditated mass murder of millions of people. During the Nazi regime, under the leadership of Adolf Hitler, over 11,000,000 people were killed. The very cause for this tragedy was brought by the ideology of the superior Aryan race, disregarding those who were ¨undesirable¨ in the eyes of Hitler. This included the Jewish people, disabled, homosexuals, gypsies, Jehovah's Witnesses and more. Nazis executed the task for genocide as a way to eradicate these groups. As WW2 began to take a brighter turn for the Allied powers, it was known that Germany faced defeat, resulting in Hitler killing himself. However, Nazi leaders who lived through the war, were faced with justice, also known as the Nuremberg Trials.
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Both the Soviet Union and Great Britain felt that summary execution (execution without trial) was necessary, but American leaders pushed for a criminal trial, stating it would be more effective “The Allies eventually established the laws and procedures for the Nuremberg trials with the London Charter of the International Military Tribunal (IMT), issued on August 8, 1945.”(History) There was no history of an international trial for war criminals for more than one nation until the Nuremberg Trials, which had four powers (France, Britain, the Soviet Union, and the U.S.) with differing legal practices. Therefore, they settled upon the London Charter of the IMT which defined three categories of crime: crimes against peace, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. ¨Nuremberg, Germany, was chosen as a site for trials that took place in 1945 and 1946.¨ (USHMM) Nuremberg (also known as Nurnberg) Germany was specifically chosen for the place of the trials for multiple reasons. For one, its Palace of Justice was mostly undamaged from the war, and it also held a large prison. Additionally, Nuremberg was a site for Nazi propaganda rallies, making the postwar trials a symbolic end of Hitler's
The holocaust was established by hitler to execute even more jews. About 6 million jews lost their lives during the holocaust. German authorities targeted groups that had a different racial inferiority. During world war II the germans went by the “final solution” a policy to murder all jews. The holocaust was a big shock for the jews. This dramatic experience still haunt the streets of germany.
The Holocaust is the most infamous mass murder throughout all of history. It went on from January 30th, 1933 to May 8th, 1945 (V-E Day). It was a plan to murder all people of the Jewish religion in Europe. This was a very highly thought through plan created by Hitler to achieve his “perfect race”. Hitler’s anti-Semitism acts were because he thought that it was a Jewish professor that turned Hitler down from being able to study at the Academy in Vienna and also thought that it was a Jewish doctor that could not help Adolf’s mother live. When
The Holocaust was a mass murder of millions of individuals’ primary to and during World War II. “Only 54 percent of the people surveyed by the Anti- Defamation League (ADL) in a massive, global poll has ever heard of the Holocaust” (Wiener-Bronner). The Holocaust was from 1933-1945 and was run by German leader named Adolf Hitler. Hitler was a man who wanted to create his own race of people. Therefore to create this race, he wiped out anyone who did not have the specific descriptions that he wanted. For people to fit into his race, they had to have blue eyes and blond hair. This excluded the Jews and from then on Hitler slowly dehumanized them. In the concentration camp the first thing they had to pass was the selection test. The selection test was what the SS man (German soldiers) used to determine who was fit for work. Usually children, mothers, and elders were the first to die because they were not mentally fit for the work they were going to be given. People who passed the selection process either died of starvation, disease, fatigue, or assassination. It took twelve years before anyone intervened and by then it was too late for millions of people. Even though over twelve million people died during the Holocaust, genocides have still happened in Rwanda, Darfur and Cambodia.
The Holocaust was one of, if not the worst mass murder in history. The Nazis did one of the most horrifying things you could think of, killing so many innocent people. Many different groups of people other than jews were also victims of this tragic event. Some of those other groups were: LGBTQ individuals, the physically and mentally disabled, slavs, and members of opposing political groups. These groups of people were ripped from their homes and put into concentration camps. The Nazis would either separate them from their family or they would keep them together and they would have to watch the Nazis torture their family and friends. During this very tragic point in history, more than six million Jewish lives were taken, in total there were over 12 million victims of the Holocaust. Not only did this affect the survivors it also affected families of the victims, survivors and anybody else that was connected through this tragedy. The Nazis, came to “power” in January 1933, which was during a time Germany was going through an economic hardship. They believed that Germans were "racially superior" and that the Jews, were "inferior.” Adolf Hitler played a very big factor in everything that went down. Adolf Hitler was a German politician who was the leader of the Nazi Party and was also known as the dictator of the Holocaust. The Nazis did have others that were Hitler’s “army” and they took orders from Hitler to do awful things to the victims and they were commonly known as
I believe this is true and I find it amusing how the Nazis took the law and judgement upon themselves and punished the Jews with authority they didn’t have, and then all but 3 of the 21 who pleaded “not guilty” were convicted. In my opinion, it is crazy how some of the defendants could deny their unjust and atrocious actions when put on trial. In fact, I would want to be punished. Finally, in regards to the outcome, while I wish the 3 that were not convicted were somehow punished, I feel that because of their actions, their thoughts and memories would punish them. Also, while it seems the guilty party deserves the death penalty, is it really the place of man to decide when a person’s life is over? Perhaps life in prison or life in a work camp would be suitable, but, in my opinion, it isn’t the right of man to end the life of another. All in all, I believe the Nuremberg Trials were well handled by Robert Jackson and the other
Adolf Hitler organized the most inhumane killing operation that the world has ever seen. Adolf Hitler, the Final Solution, and eventually the Nuremberg Trials together make up three of the most important aspects of the Holocaust. Before Hitler became the dictator of Germany, he obtained his anti-semitism from his political teachers. Afterwards, he used his knowledge and hatred to attempt to exterminate all Jewry from Germany. This process was known as the Final Solution. The Final Solution was Hitler’s attempt at exterminating the Jewish population in Europe. He was so dedicated to this task that it surmounted winning the war itself. Finally, the main opposition of the legitimacy of the Holocaust comes from neo nazis who believe that
One of the largely overlooked aspects of the second World War is the trials that took place after the war had ended. Court can seen as a long process that draws out the pain one had to go through as a victim, but even though people wanted to forget the atrocities committed in the war, punishment for the offenders seemed necessary to prevent the crimes from happening again. There were many trials that persecuted both Nazis and Japanese war criminals for multiple reasons. As little as they are remembered, the most well-known trials took place in Nuremberg: the Nuremberg trials. These trials concerned thousands of defendants, included multiple countries and international organizations as plaintiffs, and
“It is a mistake to think that the state works within the boundaries of laws. The public does not obey laws. It obeys rules within the boundaries of a triangle, the first side of which is the law. But the triangle has two other sides: common sense and ethics.” –Feiglin, Insubordination Can Save Israel
" The creation of the IMT was followed by trials of lesser Nazi officials and the trials of Nazi doctors, who performed experiments on people in prison camps. Critics of the Nuremberg trials argued that the charges against the defendants were only defined as "Crimes" after they were committed and that therefore the trial was invalid as a form of "Victors' justice". The activities of those institutions have frequently been vigorously criticized by positivistic jurists ... [who] have asked: How can principles enunciated by the Nuremberg Tribunal, to take it as an example, be of legal value until most of the states have agreed to a tribunal with jurisdiction to enforce those principles?
The Nuremberg Doctors Trial of 1946 is the preeminent case recognizing the importance of medical ethics and human rights specifically about human research subjects. The defendants in the trials include Nazi leadership, physicians, and investigators prosecuted for conducting unethical and inhumane medical experiments on civilians and prisoners of war resulting in extreme pain, suffering, permanent injury and often death. The Nuremberg Code, borne of these trials, establishes ethical guidelines for human experimentation to ensure the rights of subjects in medical research. Herein, this writer will first identify and discuss ethical dilemmas presented in the Nuremberg case followed by three
On 8th August, 1945, shortly after the end of World War II in May of 1945, the Allied governments entered into a joint agreement establishing the International Military Tribunal for the purpose of trying those responsible for the war atrocities. Whereas some 5,000 Nazi’s were charged with war crimes, the Nuremberg trials were designed specifically to prosecute high ranking Nazi officials with whom the authority for the commission of heinous atrocities rested.
The series of 13 trials carried out in Nuremberg, Germany was a milestone in establishing a form of international justice as well as an international court of law. In these trials specifically, it was held to indict Nazi Party officials and high ranking officers for their crimes against humanity during World War II. The four superpowers at the time, USA, France, Britain, and Russia came together, even though each had their justice system and litigation. The idea behind the Nuremberg Trials was to constitute a platform in order to bring individuals who acted in extreme violence against civilian population and violated human rights through times of war. However, at the time, there existed no true definition of a war criminal and what defines
More than half a century has passed since the end of World War Two and to this day it is still difficult to fully understand the severity of what was by far the most destructive war in human history. More than sixty million people were killed during World War Two and more than half of those were innocent town’s people. Among the dead were over six million Jews, which was two thirds of the total living race in Europe at the time. Beyond these general statistics were thousands of stories of crimes committed against soldiers and civilians. These crimes against humanity included cases of prisoners of war being murdered, sent to concentration camps and abuse as well as harmless civilians being rounded up and
Judgment at Nuremberg is a movie which was directed by Stanley Kramer and was written by Abby Mann based on a true story of a tribunal that happened in Nuremberg, Germany in 1948 until 1949. The film with 179 minutes duration shows us the tribunal to trial four NAZI judges who were very famous in the NAZI era. They were Dr. Ernst Janning, (Burt Lancaster), Emil Hahn (Werner Klemperer), Warner Lampe (Torben Meyer) and Friedrich Hofstetter (Martin Brand). The judges who were presiding in the tribunal were Judge Dan Haywood (Spencer Tracy) with two other judges who were American judge and arrived in Nuremberg in 1948.
The Judgement at Nuremberg is a good example of realism, liberalism and how global politics works. Although there was hope in the film that the sentences were going to be upheld due to the lack of legitimacy the German government did not keep the American sentences for the judges. Yet this is an example of how the structure of Global politics was at play then and today. The structure of global politics is fairly weak because there is no central world government to enforce rulings or laws. However, as we have learned there are three characteristics that are always at play with the international laws. Such as, obligation, precision, and delegation. In the film it showed the low obligation to upholding the judges sentences because in just a few years they were released by the German government. With precision there was low ambiguity so the courts and nations understood the rulings. Lastly, delegation, which was supposed to be upheld by the German government, yet this failed due to the fact that the trial was held in an American court. So as we can see the structure of global politics is up to the nations digression to uphold the rulings of another court.