Ethnic and Religious Discrimination in Malaysia

Over the course of history, South Asians have been mistreated and undermined within American society. This is especially evident after the terror attacks of 9/11 in which Americans shunned its South Asian Population, and reduced them to devastating stereotypes. This has created tension and hostility within the South Asian community, thus pressuring them to being more Americanized, and further creating a fixation towards becoming more white. The obsession with American culture has caused many to conform, leaving behind cultural and religious parts of their identities. It is necessary to explore the history behind the mistreatment of South Asians to understand why the change in identity such as those portrayed with Changez in The Reluctant Fundamentalist and Amir in Disgraced have occurred. These main characters of South Asian descent make it is clear that the American dream for immigrants creates a constant struggle between national and transnational identities as racism and hostility are being thrust upon them by American society.

Immigrants’ refusal to appreciate a fused culture promotes division. Mukherjee questions the idea of immigrants losing their culture for American ideals: “Parents express rage or despair at their U.S.-born children's forgetting of, or indifference to, some aspects of Indian culture,” to that Mukherjee asks, “Is it so terrible that our children are discovering or are inventing homelands for themselves?” (Mukherjee, 1997, para. 28). Many immigrants experience anger when their children no longer hold the ideals of their home country. This tension produced within the household hinders the unity within a resident country’s culture and encourages division within families. Using herself as an example, Mukherjee provides another instance of anger directed at her from her own subculture: “They direct their rage at me because, by becoming a U.S.

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints has been the center of much attention throughout modern history, whether it be about the polygamists, the Book of Mormon, or Joseph Smith seeing God, or the restored priesthood. Though the church is known to have these forms of controversies, we see through history that no organization or group is free from mistakes and criticism. Throughout history in general, there has always been some sort of religious contention around the globe. A large point of contention then and even now is the factor of race in religion and the certain rules and restrictions implemented into the religion regarding race.

Although South Asians make up 48.6% of the population of Peel Region , they are still exceedingly underrepresented at the municipal level of governance, where South Asians secured only a single seat at the local level (Region of Peel, 2015). In the case of the South Asian community in Peel, immigration should also be considered as a factor, as immigration flows play a considerable role in political trends. If we take the case of Peel Region where in 2011, Brampton and Mississauga had immigrant populations of 263,670 and 374, 575, respectively (Demographic overview, City of Brampton)(NHS 2011)), these two cities combined make up 57.6% of the region's total immigrant population (NHS, 2011). With such a large population, it should be expected that South Asians would be able to obtain political power through numbers alone, but this has not been the case at all levels of government, as there is a lack of representation at the municipal

Religious beliefs are an important aspect of many people’s lives. Results of the latest national census have revealed the religiously diverse nation that Australia has become (ABS 2017). The religious makeup of Australia has gradually changed over the past 50 years with Hinduism, Sikhism, Islam and Buddhism all increasingly common beliefs as can be seen in figure 1.

There is an extensive list of how this country tried to keep out the Asian immigrants. It did not seem to stop them, they were determined to come to America and stay here. Despite the fact that the United States discriminated against the Asian population, during World War I, they served in the war. Due to their service, they were awarded naturalization. The 1917 Immigration Act could not even help the Asians, due to the Gentleman’s Act and the Tydings-McDuffies Act of 1934 banned the Filipinos (Asian American History TImeline,

The term race describes groups of people having differences and similarities in biological traits that the society deems socially significant. For example, while similarities and differences in eye color have not been treated as socially significant, similarities and differences in skin color have been considered socially significant. Simply, race can be represented as a constituent of people who think and believe that their group is superior to other groups. More specifically, therefore, race entails a group of people possessing similar but distinct physical characteristics such as hair type and skin color. As such race constitutes a human population that is different and distinct from any other human groups based on their physical differences, whether they are imagined or not.

It is important to understand the term “South Asian”, which refers to men and women who come from India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka and many other South Asian countries (Das Gupta, 1994). However, “South Asian women in Canada belong to a larger category of immigrant women of colour a term that is a social construction” (George & Ramkissoon, 1998, p.103). The term South Asian is a social construction, which means it has been created by society. This is because the term South Asian or race does not have any scientific or biological validity to it. Elliot (1996) discussed how race, ethnicity and gender are socially constructed, however their meaning differ in historical and contemporary discourses (as cited in George & Ramkissoon,

As previously stated, the persecution of visible minorities has occurred throughout Canadian history. Canadian history is plagued with examples of persecution and racism against visible minorities, specifically Canadian history has exhibited overt forms of persecution that exist on an institutional level, such as the segregation of Aboriginals in residential schools and the internment camps that held Japanese Canadians. Current persecution of racialized individuals has become more concealed and now exists through hurtful stereotypes and individual forms of racism and persecution that occurs between individual citizens and groups. Policy surrounding persecution and racism towards racialized minorities exist on municipal, provincial, and federal levels. Using the example of a hate crime taking place in Alberta, municipal policy would outline the persecution of racialized individual as a crime, provincial legislation also outlines this action as a human rights violation, and the Criminal Code of Canada outlines this particular crime. Therefore, all three levels of government have policies and legislations that discuss and outline this particular human rights violation, however the municipal government as well as the provincial government are the jurisdictions that would handle this particular crime. Although all jurisdictions outline the persecution of racialized individuals, hate crimes and human rights violations, depending on the severity, would be handle by the provincial

There has been an archaic existing fear of anything different from the norm becoming present, however having something different may bring about positive change, diversity, and new knowledge. Yet people are reluctant to accept something different and instead make efforts to change the differences to match the way things normally and dominantly are. This fear and reaction is the reason for why efforts of assimilation occur, so that the dominant can integrate the minority and to conform to the dominant culture. Writer Sarah Ahmed discusses the issues of migration, assimilation, and what it really means to be happy in her chapter “Melancholic Migrant.” She traces the links between white culture and happiness; the idea of the whiter you are the happier you are. Ahmed presents arguments of other scholars, like Trevor Phillips, that present the notion of migration being the root of unhappiness in communities with people of different racial backgrounds living together and running into conflicts (122). She goes on to explore how the British government tries to resolve these diversity conflicts among their British citizens and Asian immigrant population. The British Empire promoted civilized kind of pleasure that they assumed could not be found in the Indian culture, but only in the British culture. Based on the excuse of Indians being uncivilized the British made attempts to colonize them. The British held the belief that India does not have culture and thus the

Since the commencing of Judaism coming into existence, the Jewish people have been exposed to oppression and also discrimination. They have not been obliged to even come close to having a stable place of worship and have been through ill-treatment and torture that most of us would consider unimaginable. The two themes that are mainly thought about within this time period is the persecution the Jews had to undergo during this time period but also the perseverance they managed to carry as well during the time. Everything that occurred during this time period is the reason as to how the Jewish faith is impacted today and why everything is the way it is. There are concepts during this time period that are very important and also connect to the reason why the Jewish faith relates to things, for example; the covenant: reciprocal, solemn and binding agreement between humanity and God, this is an important factor to their faith and is connected to the faith in some way shape or form.

Being a Muslim in America country is a struggle, and ever since 9/11, things have taken a turn for Muslims. When Trump was elected president, the discrimination against Muslims has grown stronger. People need to be educated about Muslim culture and eliminate the perception that every Muslim is a “terrorist.” The community I am looking towards on the University of Kentucky campus is the MSA. The MSA is the Muslim Student Association and their goal is to promote Islam and teach us all about the peaceful nature of the religion. Throughout my paper these 5 sources that I researched played a major role in the Muslim community. My first source was a video called Muslim leaders speak out after mosque fire. My second source was an article called Young

A number of reasons for this contrast between Malaysia and the U.S. will be discussed. For one thing, the conditions succeeding from the U.S. racial climate did not favor African Americans in terms of employment and status, whereas in Malaysia, independence had a

Meanwhile the articles “Multicultural community organizing: a strategy for change”by Gutierrez, Lorraine and “Multiculturalism and "American" religion: the case of Hindu Indian Americans” by Kurien, Prema relates to each other on the perspective of the voices of those within the multicultural community and what the disadvantages are living in a society that has not completely conformed to different cultures and religions. For example in "American" religion: the case of Hindu Indian Americans” Kurien touched bases on how Hindus were treated so unfairly that it was time for them to speak up so they wrote a letter to the president at time saying “ Hindus are very much a part of our nation…….. Hindus are a peace-loving people. We never

A few disadvantages of India’s social system are that Religion, caste, and language are major determinants of social organizations. According to the US Department of State-Background Notes website, even though the government has declared the caste system as illegal, it still has a presence in occupational and societal hierarchies (The Office of Electronic Information, Bureau of Public Affairs, 2010).