Essay 2: Race and Ethnic Stratification Research Paper
In 1957, Malaysia became an independent country and in 1964, President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act. Within seven years, the two countries underwent critical transformations from a history of systematic oppression to new freedoms. Both the United States and Malaysia are comprised of multiple ethnicities, races, and dynamics that define their social and economic relationships. Because of the timing of social and economic change, residual effects of oppression influence the ability of both countries to lessen racial and ethnic inequalities. However, similarities between racial and ethnic dynamics in the two countries end there. After independence, Malaysian society was able to progress in a way that significantly reduced socioeconomic stratification, while in the U.S., the progress was less notable. Much of this discrepancy is due to the differences between ethnicity and race: in Malaysia, ethnic differences are complex and subtle, making them easier to ignore or forget; in the U.S., racial distinctions are often as clear and rigid as the difference between black and white, making significant and lasting progress more difficult to achieve.
A number of reasons for this contrast between Malaysia and the U.S. will be discussed. For one thing, the conditions succeeding from the U.S. racial climate did not favor African Americans in terms of employment and status, whereas in Malaysia, independence had a
Although freedom to become citizens took longer and the fight more difficult, a great number of African Americans steadily gained various rights which accumulated over time. It is important to note that racial segregations momentum dissipated over time as more and more blacks held positions of authority and congressional approval overwhelmingly supported more rights for blacks. Nonetheless, it is also imperative to consider how white supremacists such as the KKK fought to undo the important developments. Till this day, both the executive legislative and judiciary wings of government are constantly battling instances of racial segregation. However, the long range effects of federal government struggle to secure equal rights for African Americans has been significant successes in the rise of African American entrepreneurship. The proliferation of blacks in both government and civil society, the rise of blacks in academia, sports and liberal arts are long effects of the fight for African American rights. This has progressively opened up American society and in a way, levelled the playing field. Also this federal government action to intervene in the affairs of the state has lived on throughout the 21st century.
Race and ethnicity are the occasionally have been used interchangeably. Race is described as a person’s physical appearance such as skin color, eye color, hair and many other biological traits and characteristics. Race mainly refers to the differences in skin color in the contemporary world. When we say that person is fair skinned or is black we are referring to the race of that person. Ethnicity is the cultural aspect of a an individual or a group such as the nationality of the person, the language they use to communicate, their descendants , the particular region they inhabit for example American, African, African Americans, etc. In a nutshell race is an overview of how you look and ethnicity is the social and cultural aspect of grouping you are born into.
It is a known fact that the Civil Rights struggles of the late 1950s and early 1960s apparently ended the Jim Crow era after the passing of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and as well as the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The book illustrates, on the other hand, that the racial caste system has not finished; it has essentially been overhauled.
Johnson, H. B. (2014). The American dream and the power of wealth: Choosing schools and inheriting inequality in the land of opportunity. Routledge.
The study of race and ethnicity is not a cut and dry conversation that always has the same result. The definition of race and ethnicity has changed over time as we have put social weight on what we have put into each definition. In this paper, I will be looking at how two authors, Vilna Bashi Treitler and Stephen Steinberg, discuss the questions and definitions of ethnicity, race, and mobility in American society. For instance, one author tends to combine race and ethnicity into one definition and use them interchangeably while the other author does the exact opposite. The Ethnic Myth by Steinberg is cultural groups trying to get ahead, all about class, getting to the middle class, money, economic mobility (Lecture 12; 5-16-18). While the Ethnic Project by Trielter is getting ahead without being racialized while trying to climb the ladder and having to make subdivisions. It is all about status order and social mobility for Treitler (Lecture 12; 5-16-18).
position in your job. This is required in most jobs you it's best to allays let employees no
Race is an integral part of identity in the United States of America. Race has become a norm for many individuals, although biologically race is not a real thing. After reading “How to kill yourself and Others in America”, the problems of race become more clear and noticeable in society today. Even though many Americans believe that they live in a post-racial society, this is far from the truth. Race is still a problem is many places in America (this can be seen in some recent events with the police). From what I can see race doesn’t seem to be as much of a problem in Albion, but it still is an issue. Race is a major factor in America, and it seems to be killing America, as Kiese Laymon points out multiple times in his book.
Part 1: Write an essay elaborating the development of race in America. How did American ideas about race, form and develop through the year 1877?
What is Racial Stratification? Historically, the concept of race has changed across cultures and eras. It has eventually become less connected with ancestral and family ties, and more concerned with superficial physical characteristics. Racial stratification can be defined as systems of inequality in which some fixed groups memberships, such as race, religion, or national origin is a major criterion for ranking social positions and their differential rewards. Social construction of race is also reflected in the way names for racial categories change with changing times. In contrast, reviewing these factors really make you wonder why inequality exist?
American society likes to believe that race relations in our country are no longer strained. We do not want to hear about the need for affirmative action or about the growing numbers of white supremacist groups. In order to appease our collective conscious, we put aside the disturbing fact that racism is alive and well in the great U.S.A. It hides in the workplace, it subtly shows its ugly face in the media, and it affects the education of minority students nationwide. In the following excerpts from an interview with a middle class African American male, the reader will find strong evidence that race plays a major role in determining the type and quality of education a student receives.
The impact on minorities due to inequality Introduction During the course of this class I have learned about social problems within the society in which we live and around the world. It is disturbing to learn that poverty, social inequality, race and cultural discrimination, gender stratification, environmental damage, population growth, and urbanization are among the social problems and controversial issues that still exist in the United States.
Social stratification involves various inequalities within a gender, race, class. When considering the role of gender, race, and class in the social stratification system, it affects the organization system which is known for disparity based on the families’ income statutes, lack of resources, organization activity, and systematic inadequate government law. In the following essay I will focus how social stratification inequality effect families and individuals in the United States based on a gender, race, and class. Society has lived over decades experiencing different types of inequality. For example, gender inequality has been around since our ancestors. Informing society and continuous advocating about inequality is vital for positives changes
People are usually categorized in terms of race and/or ethnicity. Race is a term typically used to classify people according to similar and specific physical characteristics. Ethnicity is a term more broadly used that connects people according to an inherited status such as: a shared ancestry, language, history, religion, cuisine, art, clothing style, and/or physical appearance, etc.
Ethnicity is all around us in the world. It has a special mark on every person in the world because it is what makes everyone different in their own ways. Ethnicity has different topics that branch off into others. Examples of these are Nationality, Race, Diversity, and Culture. Each of these topics have an impact on every person and group of people in good and bad ways; the top major 2 being Race and Ethnicity. Ethnicity and Race is crucial to determine who a person really is and what also brings out the light to the rest of the world.
Even without being consciously aware of it, the use of some sort of scale when interacting with others is quintessential. This is because it represents a basic need of defining the self through the means of the others; knowing one’s place in society, as well as the positions of fellow individuals, ensures an orderly functioning of said system. For the sake of this essay, the definition of social stratification as a society’s categorization of its people into rankings of socioeconomic tiers based on factors like wealth, income, race, education, and power (Pearce, 2015), will be used.