“Everything happens for a reason” is an age-old saying, overly repeated saying in our society. Our culture immediately justifies a bad event or a negative experience by saying that there was an underlying force that created the negative experience. Say if a younger sibling was cyber-bullied online, many older siblings and parents immediately question why this is happening to their sibling or child. It’s a normal, human reaction, but it goes much deeper as well. Everyone reacts differently to issues in society. So, to understand these different approaches to issues, we have to look at different theoretical perspectives in sociology.
First is the theoretical perspective of symbolic interactionism. It was first introduced by philosopher George Herbert Mead at the University of Chicago. He theorized that all interactions between humans are based on the symbols of appropriate behavior we learn while growing up. This micro level perspective mainly focuses on society as an ongoing and ever-changing process. As humans, we always end up changing and shaping ourselves to fit the acceptable behavior of society. However, cyber-bullying is not an acceptable behavior in society, so why does it still happen? Symbolic interactionism also looks at how certain individuals were raised in society. If an individual had a different upbringing, it can change their outlook on certain issues. However, from a symbolic interactionalism perspective, it’s difficult to place people in groups and
Symbolic Interactionalism: One of the three perspectives of sociology is Symbolic Interactionalism, this is a microlevel theory that concerns
The Functionalist theory emphasizes the contributions (functions) that all parts of society (e.g., social institutions) make within society. This theory has contributed to sociology by providing a view “which emphasizes the way in which the parts of a society are structured to maintain stability.” (Schafer 2013, pg13)
According to Griffiths & et. al (2015), symbolic interactionism is a micro-level theory that focuses on the relationships among individuals within a society. Symbolic interactionism theory focuses on the way individuals communicate and interact with one another, which help them understand their environment and society. An example of symbolic interactionism can be viewed by what kind of mobile phone you have, what car you drive, or where you went to college. These are all types of symbols that our society uses to symbolize a person status or wealth. Another example is the social networking website FaceBook, which can serve as an online platform for users to create and spread their "symbolic" group with like minded individuals that view the world from the same lens.
The symbolic interaction theory relates how individuals correlate actions and items to symbols they create. This association takes place between humans and the society they live in. Individuals can have the same situation going on, but associate different meaning through symbols of how they view what is going on. It is important to note that individuals will act differently based on the meaning of the interaction for the people or things around them. There is also a huge component of the symbolic interaction theory that takes into consideration how individuals think they are perceived. “In symbolic interactionism, this is known as "reflected appraisals" or "the looking glass self," and refers to our ability to think about how other people will think about us” (Boundless, 2015). This will also govern the symbols that we associate with different groups of people that we will encounter.
My experience with bullying and groupthink can be analyzed in regard to Symbolic Interactionism which is the “examination of how various aspects of social life convey meaning and thereby assist or impede communication” (Brym and Lie 2017:15). I feel that the sociological view of Symbolic Interactionism works best in this situation because it views the experience on a micro level, focusing on both the interactions and the reasons behind them (Baker 2017). While society as a whole, views bullying as a deviant act, within my own pre-teen social group bullying was considered a norm that I learned from other members. My friends expected me to display and take part in a certain behavior, and because of these expectations, I did. According to the Dramaturgical Analysis which views that people are
In the world of sociology there are many different ways that humans interact with the world. Although we are all human beings, we do not always see the world the same way that others do. Even though not many are aware of the different ways they can see the world, there are three sociological perspectives. Using structural functionalism, the conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism one will be able to decide which view best represents the way they see this world. When asked about my perspective on the world, I view it using the conflict theory due to the examples that society gives us based on events that happen frequently. Even though all three of these theories are socially correct, the conflict theory defines my view of the world more than structural functionalism and symbolic interaction.
I choose the symbolic interactionism for my theoretical perspective. From sociological perspective, symbolic interactionism most concerned with the face-to-face interaction between members of society. Symbolic interaction reminds us that culture is a human creation.
Symbolic Interactionism suggest that humans define situations upon past experiences, and then act on those definitions. The legitimacy of the stratification structure is established and perpetuated through teaching beliefs to the young and enforcing those beliefs. Children are taught that ones place in the stratification
Social conflict also focuses on macro-sociology. Symbolic interaction paradigm says society functions well through interactions. Communication is spreaded through symbols created by society. Social interaction is important, because it causes social change. Many variables such as behavior events are explained through social contact with others. The people are the ones who determine what is reality, and what is not reality. Life works in a dramatization point of view. Symbolic interaction paradigm focuses on the small issues that affect communities in society, therefore making it a micro-level orientation. Functionalist paradigm sees society as a well integrated, self-regulating system that meets people’s needs. While Social conflict views society having many groups that are self reliant, with their own goals and needs. Symbolic interaction explains society is shaped, and constructed through interaction, and communication with others.
Far From Heaven showed that the perfect fifties family could easily go against the norm. The film raises questions about the accuracy of the stereotypical depictions of companionate marriages, and the commonality of the situations the two leading characters find themselves in. Commonly found concepts included courtship, family structure, and gender roles. By further reviewing those concepts as well as including an application of content to the sociological perspectives of functionalism and symbolic interactionism, the tensions of the movie are brought to the surface. These conflicts reflect both the era in which Far From Heaven was set and the time when it was made.
Sociology is the function of the human society, and social problems among us. There are three different theories that I will be discussing in this essay. The theories are symbolic interactionism, The conflict theory and functional analysis perspectives. These perspectives help make up the way society thinks as a whole. All three of these perspectives are alike, as much as they are different.
Sociologists analyse social phenomena at different levels and from different perspectives. From concrete interpretations to sweeping generalizations of society and social behaviour, sociologists study everything from specific events, the micro level of analysis of small social patterns, to the big picture, the macro level of analysis of large social patterns. Sociologists today employ three primary theoretical perspectives: the symbolic interactions perspective, the functionalist perspective, and the conflict perspective. These perspectives offer sociologists theoretical paradigms for explaining how society influences people, and vice versa. Each
The symbolic interactionism theory is the view of social behavior of individual that emphasizes linguistic and the gestural communication in a society and its subjective understanding of different matters, but especially the role of language in the formation of the child as a social being and social behavior in the society.
George Herbert Mead studied and used an interactionist approach for many years. He was a philosophy professor at the university of Chicago. Mead thought that the true test to any theory is whether or not it is useful in solving complex social problems (EM Griffin, p.83). So Mead decided to study the procedures of communicating, specifically with symbols, the theory was titled Symbolic Interactionism.
Imagine for a moment that you are out on a vacation with your family. After a long journey you decided to go out and check out the new city. Now it is a pretty cloudy and the sky isn’t to clear, but the breeze is nice, so you don’t mind. While you are out there you hear a group of people screaming, and then a loud gun shot. What do you think of? What is the first word that comes to your mind? How do you react to the sound, or do you at all? And why? These are some of the main questions that should be considered when looking at MEDIATIONAL THEORY.