Part 2
Project: The Office of Government Commerce (2010), states that a project is “a unique set of coordinated activities, with definite starting and finishing points, undertaken by an individual or team to meet specific objectives within defined time, cost and performance parameters.” The main characteristics of a project are:
• It is distinctive
• is a tool of variation,
• has start and end date
Project Management: Project management is the inspiration of all the aspects involved in it to reach the goals on time and to the stated cost, quality and performance. Project management has five processes which are used by almost all the Project Management Methodologies (Kerzner 2013).
Initiation: It is the selection of the best
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There are various project management methodologies which can be used and that combines an approach with a set of project tools and guidelines. Some of them are made by software companies and consulting firms while others still use the public domain. The methodologies differ in rule and complexity. But almost all of them are built using the same principle. The project management methodology choice is less significant than the way it is used. The success of a project depends substantially on the skills and commitment of the people running it (Scottish Qualifications Authority 2007).
There are different kinds of methodologies used for Project Management. Some of the Project Management used nowadays are
• Adaptive Software Development (ASD)
• Critical Path Method (CPM)
• Feature Driven Development (FDD)
• PRojects IN Controlled Environments (PRINCE2)
• Project Cycle Management (PCM)
• Rapid Application Development (RAD)
• Small Project Management (SPM)
There is no best methodology that works for all business ideas, types and industries. There are ways to decide which methodology is feasible and how to successfully apply it. While using methodologies, some factors like organizational strategic goals and values, key
With the exceptional growth in technology, the present day projects are often large and complex involving a significant risk. So, a Project Management Methodology enables the delivery organization to handle these projects comprehensively, systematically and in an integrated manner, which results in strategic, tactical and operational benefits.
Project management is short term; it has a beginning, an end, and has identified steps to take throughout the process. The steps of project management are as follows: proposal, initial investigation, detailed investigation, development and testing, trial, operation and closure, as well as, the evaluation. There are measurable benefits to using project management within an organization for certain key objectives or processes that need
Gray, C. F. & Larson, E. W. (2008). _Project Management: The Managerial Process_. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hills Companies, Inc.
The process of Project Management is very detailed – there are multiple phases to properly manage the project (e.g., project plan, schedule, communication plan, risk management plan, and
In order to achieve successful results within established time-frames and budgets, project managers are likely to employ methodologies models. A project methodology is a model that aids managers to plan, design and implement their project goals. Project methodologies are helpful to project manager in any field, for instance, Niel Nickolaisen CIO at the Western Governors University, is an advocate for the agile software development methodology. As these models grants flexibility when dealing with stipulations and scope changes on a project. Needless to say the agile software development methodology is just one example of a varied assortment of methodologies, each with their strengths and weakness. As such, it is up to the project manager to decide which methodology fits their needs, as there isn`t a one fits all solution.
Whether you are a project manager or not, project management techniques are extremely helpful in meeting goals and objects. Project management techniques define a path to a specified goal and then supervise the implementation.
(Project definition: Planned set of interrelated tasks to be executed over a fixed period and within certain cost and other limitations)
Project management is managing the work to develop and innovate or even change within an existing operation. There are five steps in this management: Initiating the project, Planning and controlling all activities to keep the project on schedule, executing every phase of the projects process, monitoring/ controlling reviewing and regulating the progress and performance of all phases of the project, Closing process this is where all processes are finalized and completed to officially close the project out.
Several adaptations to the traditional approaches like agile, interactive, phased, extreme, etc have been made but each will be expected to meet the requirements of the project objectives, timeline, resources, and deliveries of the stakeholders. Other industry standard certifications like ISO9000 and regulations like the Sarbanes-Oxley have also influenced methodologies and processes used by several organisations (Kerzner, 2003). Generally, managing projects should involved five major process which include the project initiation, planning, execution, monitoring and controlling, and then project closing. See Fig. 2 below.
(Project definition: Planned set of interrelated tasks to be executed over a fixed period and within certain cost and other limitations)
Project management is not only useful in the working environment, but it could also become great skills that can be used for all life projects that we do through out our life.
In order to achieve their business objective, project management and the used methodology are key factor which will be responsible for the success or failure of this project.
There are two most popular methodologies to Project Management are: Waterfall method or Traditional Approach and Agile approach.
1. Project management is a process that involves planning, organization, applying knowledge, tools and techniques, and controlling the resources to project activities to meet the project requirements (Project Management Institute, 2013). A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result (Project Management Institute, 2013). The endeavor has a start and end date which is determined by the achievement of whatever the goal was for the project. A project may have a tangible or intangible result, may be an improvement needed or new process, may involve few people or many, can be a singular endeavor or parts of others, may be a product or service, and can be the result of other projects.
They are not tool specific. In today's software-reliant world, the reality is that the methodology and the organization's project management software tool are often heavily intertwined. Complication and sophisticated client expectations of the latest projects reveal the flaws of traditional project management methods. In addition usually project managers are expected to make a sense of balance between client expectations and business interests and also to improve the end product, decrease cost and duration of the project (Project Management Institute 2005). The disadvantages of traditional project management method are listed below.