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Financial Accounting Theory Ch Partial Solutions

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2ACCT 455 CHAPTER 2 Solutions

2.

Suppose that P.V. Ltd. paid a dividend of $10 at the end of year 1 (any portion of year 1 net income would do). Then, its year 2 opening net assets are $276.36, and net income would be: P.V. Ltd. Income Statement For Year 2 Accretion of discount (10% × 276.36) P.V.’s balance sheet at time 2 would be: P.V. Ltd. Balance Sheet As at Time 2 $27.64

Financial Asset Cash: (140 + 14 + 150) $304.00

Shareholders’ Equity Opening Balance: 276.36 (286.36 - 10.00 dividend)

Capital Asset, at Present value 0.00 $304.00

Net income 27.64

$304.00

Thus, at time 2 the shareholders have: Cash from dividend Interest at 10% on cash dividend, for year 2 Value of firm per balance sheet $10.00 1.00 304.00 …show more content…

8.

Under non-ideal conditions, it may be difficult to write down a complete set of states of nature and associated cash flows. Even if these can be written down, difficulties remain because objective state probabilities are not available. This is perhaps the most fundamental difficulty, since these probabilities must be subjectively estimated. Also an interest rate is not necessarily given. All of these difficulties lead to reliability problems of lack of representational faithfulness and possible bias. The expected present value calculation can still be made, but it is an estimate because the probabilities and other values that go into it are estimates.

10.

Relevant information is information that enables investors to estimate the present value of future receipts from an asset (or payments under a liability). In an accounting context, relevant information helps investors to predict future firm performance. Reliable information is information that faithfully represents what it is supposed to represent. When conditions are not ideal, the estimation of the present value of future firm receipts (i.e., relevant information) requires specification of a set of states of nature. The probabilities of these states are subjective, which means that they must be estimated by the preparer. Also, an interest rate must be specified for the discounting calculations. All of these procedures are subject to errors and possible bias,

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