French Algerian War The Algerian War occurred in 1954 to 1962 in an attempt to gain Algerian independence from France. The National Liberation Front (FLN) fought against France, wanting diplomatic recognition at the UN, with the vision to be established as an independent Algerian state. The FLN performed a number of violent attacks which was known as “the Battle of Algiers”. Eventually, the French regained power through brutal measures. Regardless of the French terrorist acts, an agreement was signed and Algeria was named independent. However, the 1950s presented a great amount of struggle for Algeria as they fought the French government for this independence, after being treated like second class citizens. This introduced a great rivalry …show more content…
Such individuals can decide if they want to be associated with the group. This is present in terms of this rivalry because the Algerians are unaware or confused to which side they belong, in their strive for independence. Along similar lines, religious identity is the religion that one identifies themselves with, and this is obvious in the Islamic pride of their religion. They believe that their values and beliefs are better than any other and feel the importance of spreading their religion to eventually dominate. In fact, French citizenship was not defined by religion or ethnicity but instead by acceptance of French language and values. Through the tactics of violence, the FLN separated the Europeans and the Muslims based on ethnicity and religion. On a different note, the American army’s presence in Iraq and Afghanistan has proved that military retribution in terms of terrorism only results in a greater population separation in terms of ethnicity and religion. Overall, it is clear that the reasons that the FLN opposed the French was in an expectation to receive independence. They used many tactics including terrorism which lead to a number of differences between the Algerians and the French. The main conditions that led to the development of the FIS in the 1990s was the huge population explosion. Additionally, there are many evident
People try to help people when sometimes, no help is needed. During the 1800's, the more developed countries wished to expand and help to develop other nations. They did this by the process called imperialism. One of these developed countries was France, who imperialized Algeria. They did this for many reasons such as nationalism and the White Man's Burden. French Imperialism on Algeria was harmful during and after Algerian independence politically, socially and economically. It was harmful during because politically, the French took over Algeria by force and forced them to do their work. Socially harmful because the Algerians morals and way of life depleted. And economically because they were given jobs equal to lower class citizens, and did not help their economy. After independence, Algeria did not keep the changes that France had previously made politically, socially and economically. Making the whole process harmful to Algeria
Algeria is a republic, having won independence from France on July 5, 1962 (U.S. Department of State).
Algerians were once under the rule of the Ottoman empire and a lot of Algerians ended up becoming Muslim. Although the Algerian people were happy to see the end of the Ottoman rule they did not want to be under the new rule of the French government who had helped them get rid of the Ottoman. In an Article called Algeria: What were the effects of assimilation the author describes the life of Muslim Algerian natives after the French came a drove out the Ottoman Empire and the struggles Algeria faced to become independent. “By the late 19th century, colonial policies had turned Muslims into second class citizens compared to European settlers. Laws defined Algerians as subjects rather than citizens unless they agreed…”. The French that governed
Algeria did eventually gain independence from France; on 1962 the signing of “Les Accords D’Evian” marked the end of France’s rule. Uprising of Algerian Muslims against European Algerians paved the path to independence. A while of violence, attacks, and terrorist groups led to peace talks between Algerian and French delegators. The aim was for the nation’s independence and a ceasefire; which was achieved when France declared a ceasefire would take effect on March 19, 1962 (Çelikgil, Beril, and Martine Boussaud, 2014).
Cultural differences, religious differences, linguistic differences, and political differences. These variations between people living in the same area are all causes of conflict. In Algeria, the quest for free-rule was very important for the people as well as every other colony that has ever fought for their independence. Citizens of a particular region do not enjoy being ruled by a far-away country that they feel doesn’t understand them or have their best interest in
The fighting continued as Algerians got support from both sides. In the end a peace negotiation was made between the French and FLN so Algeria gained independence on July 5, 1962. This began Algerians long line of
Another impact that had happened because of imperialism is that the men became defiant due to the French violating their tradition. “The french had done all of this because they had no care for anything but power and gaining as much land as they had lost in past wars”(Synad 211). French impacted Algeria in several ways one of those ways being that in order to be an Algerian citizen with french rights, algerians had to give up their muslim identity. This was not only the most disrespectful thing the french could have done but it had finally pushed the Algerians passed the edge. Another horrific thing they attempted to do was to change the education so they would have been learning french
Last week August 1955 123 civilians in Philippeville were executed by the FLN. The FLN was only supposed to only go after military targets. Until a commander decided to make order that would do otherwise. This was the very start of Algeria winning its independence. The government claimed it killed 1,273 guerrillas in retaliation; according to the FLN. Almost 12,000 Muslims perished by a blood gang of armed forces and police. In the end over 1200 to 12000 civilians were killed in retaliation to the Philippeville massacre that killed 123 people. The Philippeville massacre was a big turning point for the Algerian war. In late june the FLN announced total war on French civilians regardless of their sex or age. Leader of the FLN Zighout said “To
They include political instability and economic constraints. There was no peace in Algeria. At any time death could occur. Many people face such challenges every day, and it is always very hard for them to face them since it is not clear to them what might happen next. Islamist wanted power, and they wanted to get it by force. They were forcing people to convert to their faith or die. That means people lived without freedom. As a result, many people decide to leave. They, however, also faced discrimination in the new country. Citizens in the countries they migrate to view them as competitors and invaders who are after their scarce resources. The only immunity is the immigration
The FLN moved war to the cities hoping to gain international attention (Battle of Algiers)
The featured film, Battle of Algiers by Gillo Pontecorvo is based on certain events that happened during the Algerian War. The war took place in 1954 and lasted until 1962. The Algerian war was a fight between the Algerian people and the French government. Pontecorvo portrays Algeria gaining independence from France, in the film's epilogue. The film take place during 1954 and 1957.
In The Battle of Algiers, the cinematography is used to provoke emotions of anger against injustice, in this case, by portraying the Algerians as victims by showing the struggles they live through and emphasizing the condescending manner the French treat the Algerians. Throughout the movie, the juxtaposition between the lives of the Algerians and the French is clear and stark. The Algerians live in a depressing, ghetto-like place called Casbah, whereas the French live in modern city: brightly lit and bustling with life. The French essentially have free access wherever, while the Algerians must carry their identification papers everywhere and are subject to searches by the soldiers. The Algerians always work below the French and are treated
The Battle of Algiers shows the effort that is involved in making a revolution begin, for a revolution to be sustained, and for a revolution to be successful. Something that the film does not show is what occurs after the fighting has ended and the colonial power is removed from the country. The quote from Ben M’hidi asks the question of whether the fighting ever truly ends, even after the revolution is over and it can be reasonably believed that, no, it does not. Most would believe that it would be a simple ending, that once the revolution is over, the power is removed, the healing can begin and it does so easily. The truth is that the presence of the colonial power remains in several different ways and due to various situations including
Second largest country in Africa, tenth largest country in the world, diverse culture extending from the Mediterranean coast to the dunes of the Sahara Desert...Algeria. Even with its massive size the current status of Algeria’s economy is quivering in the lofty winds of the Tell Atlas Mountains. The economy tends to remain dominated by the state, which is accordingly a legacy of the country’s socialist post-independence development model. Hydrocarbons are the backbone for Algeria, accounting for 60% of budget revenues, 30% GDP, and 95% of export earnings. Reviewing the last five years we see the government halting privatization of state-owned industries, and increasing the restrictions of imports and foreign involvement. Algeria’s
Algeria was not always been independent and has been a part of several border and authority changes. Since its independency, Algeria has struggled to define its cultural identity. Several strategies have been employed to gain ground on its identity, such as promoting a policy of Arabization, loosening up the economy, and opening their political sphere. “Today the Algerian government seeks not only to sustain the recent ebb in violence and insecurity but also to promote greater unity within the country” (Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center, 2011).