Gender inequality was also associated with poor health in immigrants. Gender discrimination and stereotypes of women will more likely to cause women to experience mental health and health problems twice than men (Raphael, p.205, 2010). In addition, immigrants women are twice likely to experience mental health problems than the Canadian-born women. Also, they experience higher levels of inequality and discrimination especially in the workplace (Access Alliance, p.5, 2013). However, a case story of a female immigrants which can to Canada to find a job in their profession can show the ugly truth, which is that most immigrants women are stuck in part-time jobs as babysitter and housekeeper (Access Alliance, p.6, 2013). In addition, there is also serotypes surrounding immigrants women in the workplace that can be linked to certain ethnicities such as Filipinos, Latina, and African/black women (Zamudio, p.64, 2004). Filipinos are usually seen as caregivers and housekeepers, Latin women are more likely to work in hotels and factories jobs, while black/African immigrants women are exposed to heavy workload and taking care of the heavy tasks such as carrying heavy supplies (Zamudio, p.64-66, 2004). These serotypes are more likely to cause these women to experience stress and depression which in return lead hem to experience health issues. What is more, immigrant’s women especially the ones with no citizenship status tend to experience greater health problems because of feeling insecurity and because they have no job benefits (Zamudio, p.69-70, 2004). One of these job benefit is health care services coverage, not having that will cause them to delay getting access to health care and experience more health problems or develop chronic conditions (Raphael, p.215, 2010). Furthermore, immigrants women tend to have many responsibilities when it comes to their households and workplace (Kirmayer et al, p.4, 2011). Thus, this can prevent them from getting access to health care especially mental health services (Kirmayer et al, p.4, 2011). Studies have found that immigrant women are three times likely to experience depression compared to their Canadian-born counterparts (Raphael, p. 217, 2010). The lack of access to health care
America has been a melting pot of cultures for many centuries, with the number of immigrants continually rising every year. Most of these immigrants come into the country with nothing at all except for the clothes on their backs and a few English words. But they also bring with them something special – their cultures and traditions from their homeland. In the Immigrant Advantage, readers can see that these specific traditions that they bring with them give them an advantage because they tend to have better mental and physical health than their native born American counterparts (5).
Juana Mora in “Acculturation Is Bad for Our Health: Eat More Nopalitos” argues that the United States offers many job and educational opportunities for Latinos, but acculturation in America negatively impacts their health. Mora offers research and statistics, most of which I find compelling, to explain that these illnesses are primarily due to the immigrants’ new “daily habits and environment changes” (Mora 660). After arriving in America, immigrants often live in crime-ridden, low income neighborhoods, rely on fast food, abuse alcohol and tobacco products, and have fewer safe areas for exercise. Additionally, the stress caused “by learning a new language and culture” and “living in new and sometimes dangerous environments” causes illnesses such as post-traumatic
“The Immigrant Advantage: What We Can Learn from Newcomers to America about Health, Happiness, and Hope” Book Review
The United States is a melting pot of cultures from around the globe. Many immigrants acclimate to American culture and customs while retaining many of their native culture and customs. However, much of their culture places these immigrants at risk for health disparities. Hispanics are the largest and fastest growing racial and ethnic in the United States (cardiosmart.org, 2014). According to CDC.gov (2004), compared to non-Hispanic whites, Hispanics experienced chronic liver disease 62% more, diabetes 41% more, HIV 168% more and cancer of the cervix 152% and stomach 63% more for males and 150% more for females.
healthcare system (Elchoufani, 2018). Attaining a good health is the ultimate goal for all people and the overall population, so it is important that people study the interactions between race, gender, and socioeconomic status in this matter (ASPPH, n.d.). People in communities with lower socioeconomic status typically encounter fewer options for healthy food and a lack of health education as well as health care. All in all, studying minority health allows us to find methods in making health care more accessible for under-resourced populations, along with determining methods out services and resources can be dispersed to the populations which are more prone to certain illnesses (ASPPH, n.d.). The studying which results in better methods all benefit towards guiding the U.S. population to overall health
Canada has always been recognized as a multicultural country with a diversity of ethnic groups. According to the 2006 census (Statistics Canada, 2006), there was a total of 1,109,980 new immigrants arriving Canada from various countries between 2001 and 2006. The Multiculturalism Act (1988) is adopted to encourage ethnic groups to preserve their own languages and cultural heritages while integrating into the Canadian culture (Minster of Justice, 1984). Despite that, constant barriers remain in immigrants’ experiences of acculturation. Newcomers who failed to acculturate into the host country may experience social exclusion, which could result in a reduction in their health statuses. Although recent immigrants are often healthier than the general Canadian population, their health status tend to converge to the Canadian-born population with increased length of residence; for instance, statistics revealed worsening immigrant health in chronic conditions like diabetes and tuberculosis (Statistics Canada, 2002). This is referred as the “healthy immigrant effect”. Immigrants’ initial healthy status is explained by self-selection reasons, and screenings that are regulated by the Immigration Act (Statistics Canada, 2002). However, it is more crucial to understand the reasons for their deterioration in health over time. In this paper, we will explore a framework that explains the pathway between social exclusion, an important social determinant of health, and the deterioration in the
The health care system in the U.S. is used less than its full capacity by Hispanic women, especially after recent migration to the U.S. Among recent immigrants, protective factors such as traditions, health values and behaviors are shown to guard and strengthen health. Safeguards to health deteriorate sharply as they acculturate to U.S. society ((Sanchez-Birkhead, 2010).
Latino Immigrants who have travelled from their home country often experience social isolation when they first arrive to their new home. This can cause added stress and distress in the person’s life. Housing and employment are of higher importance to attain then social support and this can lead to feelings of loneliness and stress. As providers, we should understand that the culmination of stressors associated with constantly having to adapt to unfamiliar environments, work-related stress, and lack of social and emotional support may take a psychological and physical toll on many immigrants, not just
The study itself discusses several “buffers” which might have prevented trauma or post-traumatic stress disorder. When coming to the United States, many Latinx immigrants have a support system waiting for them, whether that is family or friends. Others build a support system right away in places such as church. Therefore, Perreira takes into account parent living with a partner and church attendance as buffers. A support system contributed to the resilience of female immigrants who went through a traumatic experience. Consequently, they might not develop post-traumatic stress disorder or its symptoms.
Introduction In Canada, political and social forces have shaped the social determinants of health. Factors such as education, income, race, and gender are affected by the legal structure of Canada. Within the determinant of genders, several inequalities have arisen due to the government failing to provide equal support, therefore, the gap between male and females are further segregating society. According to Stats Canada, recent annual data showed that a woman working full time earned 74 cents for every dollar that a working man made.
677). However, pull factors include “better chances for social and economic advancement, religious and political freedom, and greater opportunities for fulfillment in all aspects of life” (p. 678). Immigrant children and youth are at high risk for mental health problems (Cardoso & Dettlaff, 2010)). Conditions like depression, post-traumatic stress disorders and anxiety disorders are common in immigrant children and youth living in the United States (2010).
The Influence of Poverty and Tradition on Latin Women’s Mental Health Latina women are faced with countless adversities as a result of their socioeconomic conditions and are forced to endure the illnesses that are incurred. Mental illnesses in particular are being kept in silence within the Latino community as it is frowned upon to discuss one’s problems with others. This is due to a deeply rooted tradition where privacy is honored, any form complications are sacred, and these are all kept within one’s household. The stigma behind mental health and seeking treatment is so stigmatized that many do not seek help or even a diagnosis.
The pooled OLS regression estimates by six different specifications are reported in Table 2. Under the unconditional immigrant wage differential (only immigrant dummy variable is included), immigrants earn 10 percent less than the Canadian natives. After adding the characteristics about gender, immigration years, work experience, education, language skill, family factors, industry, occupation and provinces in column (2), I find that the wage differential widens to 50.8 percent lead to an increase of 40.8 percent when controlling other characteristics. These considerable changes arise mainly from the inclusion of variables that affect the wage gap between immigrants and natives. For example, immigrants accumulating more years since migration and more work experience, the wage gap will decrease
This video episode of Unnatural Causes was concerned with how the health of newly arrived Mexican immigrants diminished as a function of them spending an increasing amount of time in America. It was initially pointed out that when they first arrived in this country, their overall health was better than most Americans, but within a generation, their health would deteriorate towards the norm in America due to the influence of inherent social pressures (Unnatural Causes, 2008). A couple of hypothetical reasons were then presented in order to explain why this might happen and then one of these was expounded upon for the majority of the video.
The research clearly shows how ethnicity and citizenship status is directly tied to an individual’s health status and health care experiences (Holmes, 1787-88). We know that immigration to USA is regulated by law. The political hierarchy has framed the legal law in such a way that immigrants do not enjoy the same privileges as citizens. The apparent differences between people who are citizens and non-citizens is so inherent, that the disadvantaged non-citizens accept it with little outlet for protest. Since it is the law of the land, non-citizens willingly accepts the structural violence inflicted upon them due to immigration related issues.