Gender Roles Within Two Different Cultures . Growing Up

In present day all around the world, society has certain expectations for the actions and behaviors of males and females. There are many factors in our everyday lives that contribute to the gender norms that society has set. This essay will discuss how situations in life can play a part in how people treat other people based on their gender. It is believed that males are the leaders of our world, but in present day woman can do as much as men can do. From The Journal of Marriage and Family, Hu states, “Differentiated gender roles in adulthood are rooted in one’s gender role socialization. In order to understand the persistence of gender inequalities in the domestic sphere, we need to examine the gendered patterns of children’s housework time.”(2015, P.1). Gender roles are society’s expectations of the proper behavior, attitudes, and activities of males and females that they must be taught. These roles define how females and males are viewed in society, their household, and workplace. In The Journal of Sports behavior by Hardin, he states, “Although gender role differences from biological and “Natural” exists in popular consciousness, research has long demonstrated that instead, many are long time socially constructed… Individuals understand their gender because they are given names and treated in particular ways, such as dress in pink for girls and blue for boys, that reflect social construction of gender. Bandura's social cognitive theory is key in understanding the factors in socialization”(2009, P.3). Bandura's theory of of social cognition is that behavior, environmental events, and cognitive factors are the main keys that shape attitudes and actions of an individual. Although, gender roles play a very big part in our society, specific genders are treated differently while dealing with peer influence, media influence, as well as employment.

Once a child is born, he or she learns to view the world based on the behaviors of others. The child’s primary caregivers, usually the parents, and others present in the child’s environment, such as siblings, peers, teachers, and even the media, contribute to the development of the child’s perception of himself, those around him, and society overall. This concept is called socialization. “The way we are, behave and think is the final product of socialization” and it is through socialization that we “learn what is appropriate and improper for both genders” (Crespi, 2004). This concept of gender socialization leads to the inescapable

Gender is defined by the Oxford Dictionary as the state of being male or female. However after taking Psychology of Gender I would have to say I strongly disagree with this. I believe gender is a socio-cultural construct of female and male identity that shapes how individuals live and interpret the world around them. The older I get the more faults I find in my culture and the gender ideology behind it. Growing up Hispanic in the United States has made a huge impact in my life today, and while I believe it has benefitted me personally, research however seems to prove the opposite. Research today proves that even though these beliefs prove to be changing, the influence Hispanic culture has can negatively affect the way both men and women view their own gender roles and identity. Although research supports the idea of reinforcing negative stereotypes related to cultural gender roles. I also believe that these ideas are changing and will continue to evolve in the future.

Gender and the ways gender is portrayed in society varies from culture to culture. Gender roles have changed drastically, especially during the 20th century and continue to evolve to this day. For years now there have been preconceived notions about genders and the roles each one should play in society, home, workplace, etc. Most times gender roles are associated with stereotypes and previous gender roles. Gender role plays different parts in religion, culture, society, time periods, countries, etc. Women rights and power varies in time and location and it is very interesting to look at the events, cultures, and customs that were taking place in that particular time period to get a better idea of the gender role concept.

Throughout the course of history, the roles of men and women have always been directed by gender. In American culture, the male stereotypic role has long been associated with authority, strength, aggression, competitiveness, and dominance. In contrast, female stereotypic roles have been associated with being loving, compassionate, nurturing, and sympathetic. Traditionally, men have worked outside the home and functioned as the sole breadwinner for the family. They held some of the most important jobs in society, such as military men, doctors, lawyers and politicians. Women, on the other hand, were long considered naturally weaker than men and incapable to perform work requiring muscular or intellectual ability. For this reason, throughout most of history, women generally had fewer legal rights and occupational opportunities than men. Motherhood and wifehood were considered a woman’s most important profession and they were expected to stay home and run the household sphere, while working to improve society by raising moral children. It wasn’t until the 20th century that women in America became more “equal” to men. Since then, they have progressed considerably in all aspects of public life – politics, occupation, education, etc. Despite women’s indisputable gains,

Gender is an age-graded event that affected my childhood. Being able to identify as a woman and learning society’s expectations for women was critical for my development. At the age three, I discovered that society does not have the same expectations for males and females. Therefore, I had to learn how to act like a “lady”.

Gender roles determine the way society works, and the way it views people. Whether it is considered unfair or not, there are many factors that are created from gender roles. Almost all parts of English life from 1674 to 1913 was influenced by gender(Clive, 1.) This way of life made a lasting impression, causing the years to follow to develop and abide by what is known as gender roles. Although gender roles have become a lot more diverse in society, there are still stereotypes and misconstrued gender identity, gender-specific expectations, and gender-specific separation and gaps that still exist today.

From a young age, boys and girls are told to act a certain way based on their gender. The norms they are told often contradict each other, with boys being told to be confident and girls compliant. As a UNICEF report from 2008 describes, “Children start facing norms that define ‘masculine’ and ‘feminine’ from an early age. Boys are told not to cry, not to fear, not to be forgiving and instead to be assertive, and strong. Girls on the other hand are asked not to be demanding, to be forgiving and accommodating and ‘ladylike’.

I believe that gender roles are still relevant in American culture in the 21st century. There is a great statement about gender that was presented in the lecture PowerPoint Sex vs. Gender: “In our society, gender is a master status. In other words, gender impacts almost every single area of our lives, including our relationship with others. If we don’t know what someone’s gender is, then we often don’t know how to react with him or her and we get uncomfortable. As a result we like to know what people sex and gender are.” Today, however, we're less likely to stereotype though there are still narrow- minded people around.

Society expects men to be brave and strong. They are expected to be in charge of their families by making the most important decisions and supporting them financially meanwhile, women are dependent and cannot achieve much by themselves. One can go back to after 8000 BC and see that men hunted animals meanwhile women stayed at home to care for their children and gather fruits and plants (Reilly). All of the early imposed leadership expectations have been a part of what has shaped the gender expectations in the present society. Even though men and women are capable of performing the same tasks, traditional gender roles keep both genders away from gaining social equality. One can see a difference when both genders are compared in education, employment, child care, domestic duties, and marriage. Although women have made many advances leading up to the amount of equality present in the 21st century, men still manage to have more rights and do not have to fight for equality.

The topic of gender has been of great debate for quite some time. Talks of social constructs used to segregate genders based on the concepts such as race, biology, and tradition and have people conform and believe in these ideas of gender. The very idea has shaped what society considers gender and gender roles, “the cultural expectations imposed on men and women to behave in ways deemed appropriate for their gender” (Ciccarelli, White). These beliefs control the perception of oneself and others and often these expectations are branded with stereotypes. Gender roles uphold sexist, misogynistic, and racist viewpoints that withhold individuality and so forth should be dismantled to have true gender equality and acceptance.

Being born a female in Iran one automatically has less control over her autonomy. This is due to the male dominant society which has placed limitations and expectations on females. These exceptions and limitations can range from being told what to wear in public to not being able to go out alone without placing themselves in danger. Through socialization these have become social norms in the Iranian culture that have resulted in explicit and implicit gender roles. According the Berger and Luckmann, socialization can be deconstructed into two parts: primary and secondary socialization (1967). In primary socialization, a child is taught by significant others what are appropriate attitudes, behaviors

Children are introduced to gender roles at a very early age especially in American culture. As a child, we are taught to follow the norms of society in a variety of ways. For example, by the way we are told to dress, typically pink colors for girls and blues for boys. The term "gender role" refers to society's concept of how men and women are expected to act and behave. Gender roles shape individual behavior not only by dictating how people of each gender should behave, but also creating issues for those who don’t confine to the gender norms of their

The characters are often exhibiting stereotypical behavior. The mom, Frankie, kind of fits into the female gender role. For example, when they split the cars into boys and girls, the men’s car is silent while the women’s car is full of chatter. Women talking a lot is a very popular stereotype that is shown on so many TV shows and movies. In addition, separating boys and girls places a divide on the male and female gender roles and keeps them from mixing. “This is true in regard to gender development – children’s gendered behavior becomes more similar to those they spend time with” (Hashin). This emphasizes gender polarization, the belief that femininity and masculinity as polar opposite genders, such that male-acceptable

Society places many beliefs on people regarding proper roles for men and women. Gender roles are different for men and women around the world. For most people, these sets of rules surrounding the behaviors that men and women exhibit are so ingrained in their culture that they may go unnoticed unless made aware of it. It is also widely accepted that women face sexism when they go against the norm of what gender roles and society expect of them more often than men. While it is becoming more popular for women to be feminine, housemakers as well as breadwinners for their families, when men go against the social norms of their gender, they are more harshly reprimanded for doing so. Of course, gender roles and social expectations regarding them are more conservative in certain parts of the United States and the rest of the world. While in most urban areas women are regarded as nearly equal in the workforce and media,