Our data showed some interesting trends for each genre of music. While many of our tests fell in line with what we predicted with our hypothesis, we did have some outliers that we did not account for.
As stated previously, we started by testing the resting heart rate of our subjects as our constant. The overall average of our subjects’ heart rates was 69.92 BPM which falls in line with the standard average. However, some subjects had a harder time relaxing completely while being tested and therefore had a higher resting heart rate. Once the resting heart rate was established, we were then able to compare the heart rates while the subjects were listening to music and see if we could find a significant difference that supported our
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Another explanation for these increases could be that several subjects started dancing in their seats when they heard the song. The physical movement could have been a cause for the raise in the heart rates. These increases also fit what we originally predicted in our original hypothesis.
The final genre that we tested was classical music and we used “Adagio for Strings” by Samuel Barber. The average heart rate for this song was 70.12 BPM which is just a 0.20 difference from the resting average. The tempo for this song was significantly less than all of the other genres at just 77 BPM. Classical music has multiple studies done suggesting that it can improve newborn babies IQ, helps while studying and helps you fall asleep. While this is not what we tested for, the fact that classical music lowered or kept almost every subjects’ heart rate the same, backs up some of these previous studies that have been performed. In our data, there was one person who was completely different from the rest of the data. As stated previously, all of our subjects tested, except for one, were 18-22 male and female college students. The one subject who did not fit the mold of our other subjects was a male, college professor. This subject’s response to all of the music genres did not come close to any other person’s response. With every single genre of music that was played for this subject, their heart rate lowered significantly. There are a
Not only does music affect thought, but it also benefits health. Students usually study in quiet, relaxed surroundings while listening to serene music. Classical music can steady a fast heartbeat and a slower heartbeat induces relaxation. Exercise plays a critical role in maintaining good health, and relaxing music can be favorable to this. Music reduces muscle tension, resulting in a better work out. Scientists performed controlled studies using adult males who were around twenty-five years old. Blood samples were taken before and after treadmill running. The experiment found that with the presence of music, “heart rate, blood pressure, and lactate secretion in the brain were significantly lower” . The results proved that music
When I was in fifth grade, I was caught between two worlds, playing a woodwind or string instrument. If I played a woodwind instrument I would have to blow in it to make music, but string instruments are played with a bow to make music. After much thought, I decided that the violin was the best instrument for me, because it has a beautiful, unique sound, plus the possibilities are never-ending. I could receive a compliment from a teacher, or even get accepted to the symphony.
The outcomes of the study were that the systolic blood pressure was greater for participants who listened to the obnoxious music than the participants who listened to calm music. Similarly, the systolic blood pressure of the participants who listened to obnoxious music before taking the mathematic test was higher than the participants that listen to calm music before the mathematic test. Also, for the participants who were told their grades would not be affected did not have an effect on their heart rates. However, the students that were told their test scores would determine the amount of extra credit they would get, their heart rate was notably higher for the participants who listened to the obnoxious music than the ones who listened to the calm
"The Effect of Music on Heart Rate | Journal of Emerging Investigators." Journal of Emerging Investigators. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Dec. 2016. .
Nearly 100,000 beats per day, or about 37 million beats per year; most of the time you are unaware that your heart does this (“WebMD”). The question is, what is the difference between your resting heart rate, compared to your scared heart rate. For the age group tested (12-16 year olds) their healthy heart rates could vary between 70 and 100 beats per minute. The importance of this project is knowing if you are “pushing” yourself too hard, and to know if certain things trigger unhealthy problems, like horror movies. The hypothesis stated is, if you scare a person from a resting heart rate to a scared heart rate their heart rate will increase because adrenaline is released into the blood.
Music can change mood, have stimulant or sedative effects, and after physiologic process such as heart rate and breathing.
(2001) explained that the “Mozart effect” is due to arousal and mood improvement. The arousal-mood hypothesis proposes that listening to music, affects people’s level of arousal and mood, which in turn influence performance on different cognitive tasks (Husain, Thompson, & Schellenberg, 2002).
For the purposes of this experiment, a non-athlete is being defined as someone who has not played competitive sports within the last year or exercise more than once a week, and an athlete is being considered as someone on one of Fresno Pacific University’s endurance sports teams. To try to eliminate as many variables as possible, the individuals have to be within the normal Body Mass Index (BMI) range of 18-26 to be eligible for the experiment. Their BMI values will be calculated using the BMI calculator on the NCBI PubMed website by inputting their correct height and weight. After determining eligibility, the test subjects will be asked to run one lap around the track (400 meters) at Fresno Pacific University on two separate days. Before the subjects exercise, their heart rate will be taken after they’ve sat quietly for two minutes to ensure the resting heart rate is obtained. This will be down by counting their pulse on their radial artery for thirty seconds and multiplying that number by two to acquire their heart beats per minute. They will then run at a mildly intense pace by their standards for one lap in order to elevate their heart rate. Upon their return back around the track, their heart rate will be immediately taken, and a stopwatch started in order to determine the total amount of time that it will take for the subject to reach their previous resting heart
Low-pitched music increased the body’s production of antibody IgA and natural killer cells. These cells are important in maintain an effective immune system. Without an adequate supply, the body will be distressed every time it encounters a foreign cell because it will have to make a lot of antibodies in a short amount of time (Drahota, et al., 2012). In addition, music with a slow or medium paced tempo can reduce levels of cortisol more than a fast tempo. Cortisol is a natural stress hormone that, if overproduced, can lead to depression, sleep problems, and heart disease. Also, the rhythm of the music helps reduce anxiety in the patient by lowering the heart rate (Loewy, 2015).
Each subject was allowed this resting period of two minutes; after the two minutes were finished, we recorded their heart rate for five seconds. This EKG graph acted as the subject’s baseline or resting heart rate. After recording the baseline, the subjects were presented three different tests. The first test was a light, “About Me” questionnaire in which the subject was asked to fill in basic information about themselves such as, their favorite color, their nickname, etc. The subject was given two minutes to complete the questionnaire and heart rate was recorded immediately after. The subject was allowed two minutes to rest to allow their heart rate to return to baseline. The second test, a “Minute Math” worksheet was given. The subjects had the same amount of time, two minutes, to answer the addition problems on the worksheet and heart rate was recorded immediately after. The subject was again allowed to rest before the third test, a 1040A tax form was given. The subject again had two minutes to complete a 1040A (with information from a provided, fake W2 form) and heart rate was recorded
As the procedure shows this experiment was to learn about the different types of blood pressure and how music affects blood pressure. Participant one’s average blood pressure without music was 106/70 and increased to 112/72 while listening to rap music, decreased to 105/63 while listening to country music and decreased to 106/62 while listening to jazz music. Then, participant two’s average blood pressure without music appears to be 104/72 and was increased to 106/75 while listening to rap music, decreased to 101/62 while listening to country music, and decreased to 94/61 while listening to jazz music. Then, participant three’s average blood pressure without music is 112/66 and increased to 117/70 while listening to rap, decreased to 110/64 listening to country and decreased to 107/62 while listening to jazz music. Participant four’s average blood pressure was 131/77 and increased to 135/78 while listening to rap music, decreased to 128/75 while listening to country music, and decreased to 123/72 while listening to jazz music. Participant five’s average blood pressure was 124/77 and while listening to rap music the participants blood pressure
I find myself in a constant state of appreciation. I worship hot coffee every morning and recently, every night. I keep in touch with my small group of friends hourly through texting or Skype, usually, and always make time to see them on the weekends. I remind myself to thank my parents for everything they’ve done for me, never taking my life or experiences for granted.
Music; Indefinable by words alone. It is not only something you can hear but what you can feel. It is something your soul is able to reach out and touch. Music also has the power to bring us as humans, together. It is one language spoken by all cultures, sexes, races, age and religions. Music also controls our emotions; it makes us happy, sad, angry, relaxed, etc. We also can express ourselves through music. It can affect our personality.. someone who listens to classical, like Mozart or Bach, all the time is going to be smarter and more intellectual than someone who listens to rap or metal, and someone who listens to more upbeat happier music, like Ska or Swing, is more likely to
The mind is greatly impacted by music by showing healthful changes (www.bellaonline.com/articles/). Doctors now use music for their patients’ treatments in order to help them stay healthy (www.bellaonline.com/articles/). Heart patients acquired the same benefits from listening to classical music for thirty minutes as they did from anti-anxiety medication (www.bellaonline.com/articles/). Musical therapy has been used to help people with heart problems, which worked quite effectively. (www.bellaonline.com/articles/). People who have had migraines frequently, were trained to use music and relaxing procedures to reduce their headaches. Studies have also shown that music helps students with their intelligence levels (www.bellaonline.com/articles/). A majority of students had higher test scores than others because they listened to Mozart before their exam. People who listened to classical music for an hour and a half while revising manuscripts increased their accuracy by 21% (www.bellaonline.com/articles) (Mish 725.).
“I think music in itself is healing. It's an explosive expression of humanity. It's something we are all touched by. No matter what culture we're from, everyone loves music.” This famous quote said by Billy Joel does a good job describing the way music can affect people. Different songs can impact people, change their moods, or bring back memories related to a certain tune. Each person, however, has their own unique taste in music; one song can be loved by one but hated by another, it all depends on our personal taste and what we can relate to. This made me wonder, what does the music I listen to say about myself? Do the lyrics define who I am as a person, or do I simply like songs because of the beat? As I looked at my top ten playlist,