Social Legislation at the turn of the twentieth century made Australia a more reformed and progressive nation as a whole. Social Legislation was the result of Federation and made Australia more developed compared to other countries as their identity was stronger and Australia had a high standard of living at the time. Social legislation had three main acts which were Harvester Judgement (1907), Invalid and Old Age Pensions (1908) and Maternity Allowance (1912), these schemes mainly benefited white Australians. The Harvesters judgement act was established in 1907 and was made so male workers would have an appropriate wage that could support their wife and three children. It was created by Justice Henry Bourne Higgens who was the president of the commonwealth conciliation and arbitration court at the time. Before the act workers would work very long hours with very little pay. Working conditions were hard and dangerous and due to the low wage protective clothing and hygiene was an issue. In the 1890's there were industrial disputes due to conditions and wage which as a result meant that the new federal government at the time of federation had to resolve this without turning to violence. In conclusion they found wage the biggest issue after listening to worker’s testimony’s about their issues. It was only fair that a minimum wage was to be made which consisted of seven shillings a day or 42 a week which is roughly $4.20. This was the first time that employers were
Many people still thought that a woman's place was "in the kitchen", this changed shortly after the second world war. 500,000 women joined the workforce post WW1 because all of the men had gone to war. This set Australia up and benefited from more people with a wider experience in many jobs.
This event is referred to as the Federation of Australia. The Federation of Australia was a positive move as it included a multitude of social, political and economic benefits. The Federation of Australia introduced stricter immigration laws, enhanced the security and defence of the nation, allowed free trade, expanded the communication between colonies and developed Australian nationalism. The Federation of Australia positively impacted immigration laws and restrictions.
A significant figure that contributed to social welfare in Australia was Caroline Chisholm. Caroline Chisholm had a concern for the welfare of immigrants, in particular young girls. This led her to set up Female Immigrants Home, which worked to ensure safe passage and assisted with settlement of over 10,000 migrants between 1838 and 1877.
The act changed the Aboriginal peoples lives, as it took away their rights, some of these rights
The history leading to the Pilbara strike were because of many wrongs of the Europeans to the Aboriginals. From the 1890s to the 1920s, it was quite recurrent for Aboriginal workers to only be paid in clothing and rations. In the period of the 1920s, some Aboriginal workers began to receive minimal wages. Aboriginal herdsmen were housed in corrugated houses, without any flooring, lighting, basic sanitation, furniture or cooking equipment. It was actually illegal for the Aboriginal people to leave their workplace, even it was illegal to pay them wages equal to that of a white
Australian society had changed a lot because of the women’s movement. Throughout the ‘70s and ‘80s and the start of the ‘90s a lot of women were put into male jobs. These jobs were in the areas of education, law, health work, and welfare. This greatly affected the imbalance between both men and women in power and opportunity. Women gradually started to gain access to areas of power that previously been off limits. Some women attempted to use their new found power for the benefit of women in
Augmenting Australia’s acceptance of Indigenous Australians, gaining a greater perspective on their necessities of human rights. Advancing with the slow remarks of approval with basic rights, specialised jobs, equal pay to white Australians and overall fewer conflicts of discrimination and racism. Which were developed by their huge contributions and factors to the war efforts. Before the period that led up to this progression, the Indigenous were heavily denied their basic and traditional rights. As they were segregated from society, with the policy of a white one.
Prior to the arrival of the first fleet in 1788, it is estimated that there were around 750, 000 Indigenous Australians living in Australia. Between 1788 and 1900 there was a depopulation of Indigenous Australians due to not only conflict and violence from the Europeans, but particularly the introduction of new diseases from them. It was undoubtedly true that in the first decades the spread of unknown diseases was rapid and the resistance was so low it resulted in higher death rates. The decreasing population resulted in demoralisation of Indigenous Australians and overruling by the Europeans. This overruling resulted in British Law, which subsequently proceeded to established acts of legislation such as the Aborigines Protection Act 1909 (NSW). But why was this legislation formed? According to the
Social aspects before world war 2 in Australia were not equal at all. The way women were treated was hardly fair, women deserve equality as Australian citizens. Civil rights, Political rights and social rights all lacked before the war. Women did not have freedom of speech nor religion. They had limited education and only had property that was their husbands or fathers. Women didn 't even have control of their own bodies, it was illegal to have birth control, the women had to follow her husbands orders and do what ever he wanted. Getting divorced was hard to do as well as the decision was always under power of the husband (Anon, 2015; Shmoop, 2015).
Social policy was introduced in the early 19th Century, post war. At this time, William Beveridge introduced the idea of a Welfare State to address poverty. He released a report for social reform known as the ‘five giants’ within society: squalor, disease, ignorance, idleness and want. The welfare state brought many positive improvements in Britain and Government passed reforms to address the poverty levels, introducing “cradle to grave “support. The National Health Service was set up which gave free health care to all and laws and Acts were put in place to help the young, the old, the sick the unemployed and the working class in times of need. The five issues raised by Beveridge
In this essay I will examine the development of Australian society and subsequent rights given to Australian citizens, thus addressing the guiding question as quoted at the top of the paper.
Employment law dates back to the 14th century, with the first labour legislation, the Ordinance of labourers passed in 1349 and consisted of regulations and price controls issued by King Edward 111. The purpose of the legislation was to maintain wages at rates to be fixed from time to time by the Justice of the peace. The ordinance was written in
Although these laws were designed for all of the states, Tasmania (Vans Demons Land) provided the rest of the states with crops as the soil was better to grow crops on there’s. New South Wales also can provide the country (other states) with resources because they are the most populated they have a better industrial industry which was frequently shared with the other states (after the laws and beliefs were enforced). These laws and beliefs privileged every single state although was thought to be
In order to create Australia’s image as a working man’s paradise, workers gained rights to speak. The first of these issues to be discussed are the hours of work. The balanced working time of eight-hour day movement was introduced in the mid 19th century. It was conducted by trade unions for the right of shorter working hours suitable Australia’s harsh climate. This fairer working condition of eight-hour day has succeeded by the end of the century, when the government introduced fairer laws in the late 1890s which attempted to reduce working hours and give workers Saturday afternoon off. This achievement established a national standard that was aspired by the rest of the world and formed the basis of Australia’s reputation as a ‘working man’s paradise’.
The most notable examples of effective legislation for achieving socialist ends are the universal vote being achieved with the ‘Representation of the people act’ in 1928, Attlee’s rolling out of the welfare state in 1945, and ‘The Equal Pay Act’ of 1970.