Accrual vs. Cash Basis Accounting
Alicia Wiley
Grantham University
Abstract
In this paper I have defined accrual and cash basis accounting. Also, I have answered the following questions: Explain the difference between the accrual basis of accounting and the cash basis of accounting. What are the major reasons for using accrual accounting? What are the purpose of a journal and a ledger? Give an example of a contra-asset, and explain how it is recorded on the ledger as a transaction. Explain what a “prepaid expense” is and how it is recorded on the ledger as a transaction. What are the major differences in recording transactions for a for-profit organization versus a not-for-profit, or are there any? List and record each transaction
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A prepaid expense, such as rent or insurance, is a type of current asset. It is recorded by decreasing Cash and increasing the prepaid amount by the same amount. Thus, the transaction only occurs in the Asset section of the Balance Sheet, and it is a zero-sum transaction.
What are the major differences in recording transactions for a for-profit organization versus a not-for-profit, or are there any? For-profit organization would record certain transactions under Owner’s Equity, whereas the Not-for-Profit would use Net Assets. Also, a for-profit would not show restrictions on Owners’ Equity.
List and record each transaction for S. Zee Outpatient Clinic under the accrual basis of accounting at December 31, 20X1, then develop a balance sheet as of December 31, 20X1, and a statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 20X1. Journal Entries | | | | | | a | Cash | | 3,000,000.00 | | | Unrestricted Contribution | | | 3,000,000.00 | | | | | | b | Equipment | | 2,000,000.00 | | | Cash | | | 2,000,000.00 | | | | | | c | Cash | | 1,000,000.00 | | | Bank Loan | | | 1,000,000.00 | | | | | | d | Supplies | | 1,500,000.00 | | | Cash | | | 1,500,000.00 | | | | | | e | Accounts Receivable | | 5,500,000.00 | | | Service Revenue | | | 5,500,000.00 | | | | | | f | Supplies Expense | | 1,000,000.00 | |
Kimmel, P. D., Weygandt, J. J., & Kieso, D. E. (2009). Accounting: Tools for business decision
Page 3 Page 7 Page 12 Page 17 Page 20 Positive Accounting Theory Ethics in Accounting Accounting for Physical Assets & Intangible Assets Accounting for Assets in Mining & Agricultural Industries ounting Accounting for Provisions
Accounting theory including recording, valuation, and statement presentation of assets, liabilities, capital, and earnings. Funds statements, financial analysis, interest theory and applications.
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For the final project in ACC380 Accounting for Not-For-Profit, we were asked to prepare a Statement of Activities, a Statement of Unrestricted Revenues, Expenses, and Other Changes in Unrestricted Net Assets along with a Statement of Changes in Net Assets for Lee College which is a private not-for-profit college. In addition to the financial statements, we were also asked to explain the process that was used to prepare the financial statements and to offer an in-depth analysis of the financial health of Lee College.
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In addition to accountants providing many useful numbers that signal a company’s performance, they also prepare many useful documents and a code of ethics to make sure that all stakeholders have a clear picture on the business’s financial position. For instance, journaling is what accountants do after every transaction. These entries of what is exchanged in a business provide evidence that money deserves to be in a certain account. Especially since every journal entry needs a corresponding document that proves the record did happen, journals can be used by executives to see what really occurred in case a number in an account looks wrong (Schneider). It is also used when a government official suspects that the company is unfairly representing itself to either indict the business or prove its innocence. Journaling illustrates the importance of accounting since everything is documented and has proof for existence in the case of errors. One thing that journals go hand-in-hand with is the general ledger. This is the document that actually lists each individual account and the amount in it. It organizes the overall picture of every entity a business comes in contact with so that every important number can be put neatly into a financial statement.
Despite the natural, physical growth of mankind, the expected mental development from adolescence to adulthood requires much more nutrition than a well-balanced diet. Unfortunately, it is apparent that some children are not provided with proper parental guidance during the most crucial years of adult development, and due to this tragedy, the neglected youth relies solely on the state’s public educational system to further develop necessary qualities of a successful adult. Throughout grade school, children are only required to learn the core subjects of English, History, Math, Science, and as well as health related classes such as Physical Education, and although each of these subjects are necessary for basic education, there are far more important
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