History Project

Christianity and Islam are religions are two of world’s most widespread religions. Both religions when founded were not accepted by the people of that time and they have faced great resistance. Early Islamic art and early Christian art both are historically important as both are similar in some ways. The most earliest architecture and first such structure from the Muslims is the Dome of the Rock located in Jerusalem. When the Muslims conquered the city of Jerusalem in they needed a place (Mosque) to worship and offer their prayers in congregation. At the same time they also wanted to build a monument that would show the success of Muslims and their religion Islam. Similarly, Christians used to build their

One Spanish official remarked that “the maxim of the conqueror must be to settle.” Explain what you think he meant by this statement. Illustrate the various ways conquerors settled the New World, commenting on what worked, what did not work, and the consequences of those methods

HVIII. ARCHITECTURE: Mosques in the old days were decorated beautifully with calligraphy and tile. They also had their own kind of domes that they used on the most important buildings. Used minarets. The specific geometric forms decorating the walls (known as Arabesque) represent the infinite.

For my United States history research project, we were required to choose an historical figure from the list provided that represented American history. I chose the famous outlaw, Jesse W. James. In my research paper, I’m going into great detail of one’s life, looking beyond what textbooks have to say and addressing both the negative and positive aspects that occurred in Jesse James’ life. If one knew the general idea of who James was, they would automatically assume he was either a really bad person or an historical hero. Many songs, books, and news articles were written in the context of him being an American hero. On the other hand, some believe that the large amount of crimes he has committed were superior over his good doings in life

The Romans were master engineers and were known for beginning to use the arch and dome. An example of the use of these innovations is the Aqueducts. The Aqueducts were very important to Rome because it delivered water to the huge population, meaning that the arch and dome helped build very efficient and useful buildings. The Umayyads and Abbasids on the African side of the Mediterranean continued to use the arch and dome, but also added their own style of geometric designs to their buildings because Allah could not be expressed in picture form. This is seen in the many mosques that were built, including the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem. The Byzantines and Feudal Europe both also used arches and domes to build their churches. They also incorporated tall, arched windows into their unique architectural style. This is where the arch came into play for Europe. In conclusion, the arch and dome were continually used throughout the history of the Mediterranean, but other styles from different political organizations also

The Articles of Confederation was our countries first Constitution. It was a black and white agreement drafted by the Second Continental Congress. It was agreed upon and signed by the thirteen colonies in 1781. The Articles were mainly aimed at the state governments. The Articles had many weaknesses, but it also accomplished many things. The Articles of Confederation were able to keep the state together until the Constitution was written. I was because of the Articles that the Revolutionary war was ended with Great Britain. Many states gave up their claims to land west of the Appalachians. This land was given to the government. It helped to create a feeling of national security. Under the Articles, congress enacted laws to

I chose my topic for my History Fair Project after my father picked my brother and me up from school. When I got in the car he asked me “How was your day?” I replied with “Good, we talked about this project in school about taking a stand in history.” I then asked “Could you help me come up with a topic for it?” He then responded with “Sure Buddy” Then when it was time for dinner my Father and I discussed it and came up with Ronald Reagan.

He began preaching the way to enlightenment and God after receiving a vision. After his death a series of nine Gurus, regarded as reincarnations of Guru Nanak. Led the movement until 1708. At this time these functions passed to the Panth and the holy text. This text, the Shri Guru Granth Sahib, was finished by the tenth Guru, Gobind Singh. It consists of hymns and writings of the first 10 Gurus, along with texts from different Muslim and Hindu

The plans of all the Assyrian buildings are rectangular, and we know that long ago, as now, the Eastern architects used this outline almost invariably, and upon it reared some of the most lovely and varied forms ever devised. They gather over the angles by graceful curves, and on the basis of an ordinary square hall carry up a minaret or a dome, an octagon or a circle. That this was sometimes done in Assyria is shown by the sculptures. Slabs from Kouyunjik show domes of varied form, and tower-like structures, each rising from a square base. The resemblance between the ancient form of the dome and those still used in the Assyrian villages is very striking. Whether sloping roofs were used is uncertain. Mr. Bonomi believes that they were, and a few sculptures seem to

People should warn their children to be wary of strangers due to the fact that they can be dangerous. This is the message described in the Grimms writing. The Grimms state, “ She did not know what a wicked animal he was and was not afraid of him” (Grimm, Page 621). Having your child confronted by a dangerous individual is one of a parent's worst nightmares. Many parents wonder about how to protect their children. It is necessary to have your children understand the dangers of interacting with strangers. However, parents worry about how much to tell a child about the dangers in the world. People don’t want to frighten their children to the extent that they are afraid to interact with others, but on the other hand they want their children to

There are many examples of both Christians and Muslims adopting the artistic styles of the other in their architecture that act as examples of this cross-cultural artistic expression. This is evident in the appropriation of Arabic calligraphy, a prominent decorative feature in mosques and Muslim palaces, in the buildings of Mozarab Christians. On the part of the Moors, the horseshoes shaped arch that is prominent in many mosques and palaces is adopted from Visigothic arches of a similar nature. This horseshoe arch was, “representative of the indigenous church-building tradition of pre-Muslim Spain,” and thus demonstrated a way in which Moorish architects were influenced by Christian techniques. This level of architectural syncretism can help to explain

Roman architecture used arches placed back to back to form a barrel or tunnel at right angles to each other. When a roof or ceiling was constructed on the arch principle, it was called a vault. Roman building techniques were practical and innovative. They were the first to use concrete. Romans used brick, stone and finished the exterior surface with veneers of marble tile and bronze. In Roman architecture the function of the building determined its formal design. Romans were precise with every structure.

These structures are used to form all or a portion of a roof or ceiling of a building. The earliest forms of domes were only able to cover very small buildings due to the fact that they were created as solid mounds. Domes were first used as roofs for huts in India and the Mediterranean. The large-scale domes made of masonry required mass supporting walls. The Romans created the advanced dome structure. The dome advanced further in the hands of Byzantine architecture. The byzantine architects raised the dome on piers using a technique known as pendentives. The pendentives were made of masonry and were shaped like inverted triangles that curved horizontally and vertically. The dome rested on four pendentives, while the apex of the pendentives rested on piers that would transfer the forces of the dome to the ground. All of the sides of the piers formed arches over openings creating a square base with a circular dome covering the area. In order to increase height a technique was formed in which a pendentive dome would be placed directly on a circular foundation referred to as a drum, inserted between the two. The dome can be seen frequently during Byzantine architecture as well as the European Renaissance and the Baroque

Like every religion, Sikhism had a beginning that started in a moment and developed in a period of one man’s lifetime. The dissatisfaction of the religious and social circumstances of that time led to the rise of a new faith. Guru Nanak is the founder of Sikhism that always preaches devotion and remembrance of God. Sikhism is characterized by equality of mankind, denounces superstitions and beliefs in eternal truth. It is a unique spiritual platform based on equality for all, fraternal love and virtues. The Sikhs follow the teachings of Guru Granth Sahib, which is their holy book. Guru Nanak travelled vastly spreading the message of one God who dwells in every one of us (Singh, 2012). During the 15th century, when Guru Nanak was born, India was in a political and religious turmoil. There was tension between Hindus and Muslims whose religious beliefs are different and could not co-exist (Dhillon, 2006). The introduction of Sikhism created a synthesis between the two and the belief that we all worship one God. Guru Nanak preached the message of one God who dwells in all His creations in South Asia and other regions. Sikhism to date has vastly

Prior to the coming of Islam to India, Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism were the dominant religions. Hinduism lost its simplicity. Many philosophical schools appeared. Two different sects, i.e., Vaishnavism and Saivism also appeared within Hinduism. In course of time Sakti worship also came into existence. Common people were confused on the way of worshipping God. When Islam came to India, the Hindus observed many ceremonies and worshipped many Gods and Goddesses. There were all sorts of superstitious beliefs among them. Their religion had become complex in nature. Added to these, the caste system, untouchability, blind