History of Chemistry: The Influence of John Dalton Essay

Democritus of Abdera was a greek philosopher born around 460 BC, a cheerful and blissful man. He was one of the two founding fathers of the Atomic Theory. His thought process on the theory, was that matter was comprised of tiny building particles called atoms. This theory was widely questionable at this time. As people were not very well accustomed with accepting new ideas, and/or new concepts of philosophy and science. This theory was only partially correct, and as scientist of the more modern age began to look deeper into Democritus’s work, they begin to make new theories and hypothesize new ideas about the atom. Which later on, would lead to the development of the atomic theory and the most accurate description of the atom with the work of Niels Bohr.

The atomic theory is very well known across the science community. It took many scientist to get it to what it is today. Aristotle and Democritus are played major parts in forming the atomic theory. They came up with a bunch of theories and made big contributions to the start of the atomic theory.

This idea came from the findings of Democritus. His second conclusion was that all atoms of one type have the same mass and properties. Along with this point, Dalton understood atoms of different types had different masses and properties. Dalton’s fourth point consisted of the fact that chemical reactions do not create, change, or destroy elements, they are only rearranged in these reactions. The final point of Dalton’s theory was when different elements combine, they do so in some ratio of whole numbers. John Dalton was able to find mass numbers for twenty one different elements. The Law of Mass Conservation, created by Antoine Lavoisier, was supporting evidence to Dalton’s atomic theory. Next, J. J. Thompson contributed ideas to the existing theory. In 1898 he used a cathode ray and discharge tube to aid in the discovery of electrons. The electron has an antimatter counterpart. This counterpart is known as the positron, positrons have the same mass as electrons. J.J. Thompson was able to determine the existence of a + particle . He also founded the plum pudding model , this model showed negative particles scattered around a positive

Around 1803 John Dalton, an English chemist developed the first useful atomic theory of matter. Amedeo Avogadro, the Italian chemist in 1811 published an article drawing the distinction between the atom and the molecule, which now is known as “Avogadro’s

William Crookes contributed to the new fields of physics and chemistry that emerged in the late 19th century. Crookes’ analysis of the photographic process in the 1850s inspired his work in the science of spectroscopy. Using techniques of spectroscopy, Crookes discovered the element thallium, which won him election to the Royal Society. His efforts in discovering the weight of thallium in an evacuated chamber led to his research in vacuum physics.

The Daltons research papers changes, he began to study and observe the physical sciences: heat conduction, gas expansion by heat, the properties of light, the aurora borealis, and meteorology. These studies helped him establish The Atomic Theory. Dalton's atomic theory proposed that all matter was composed of atoms, indivisible and indestructible building blocks. While all atoms of an element were identical, different elements had atoms of differing size and mass.Dalton's atomic theory also stated that all compounds were composed of combinations of these atoms in defined ratios.Dalton also postulated that chemical reactions resulted in the rearrangement of the reacting atoms. Terms atom The smallest possible amount of matter that still retains its identity as a chemical element, now known to consist of a nucleus surrounded by electrons. atomic mass unit The standard unit that is used for indicating mass of an

Firstly in 1862 Alexandre Beguyer de Chancoutois arranged the elements into a three-dimensional form of classification called the telluric screw. The telluric screw plotted the elements on the outside of a cylinder where one complete turn corresponded to an atomic weight increase of 16. This resulted in curtain elements appearing on the same vertical line as other element after one full turn of the cylinder. These elements were elements that had similar properties to other elements. This was very helpful in the development of the periodic table because it was the first known time that the elements

Julius Meyer was a German Chemist, born on August 19, 1830. At first he was interested in the physiological side of science, but then had a change in his mindset and decided to take up Chemistry. He was one of the first people to work on the Periodic Table, and if it weren’t for him, the table would look nothing like it does today. He published his periodic table in 1870, it was inside of a textbook. (Grolier Education).

The accidental discovery of this conversion many centuries ago led to the discovery of the first synthetic phosphor.[4] The sulfide, unlike the sulfate, is water-soluble. Sometime prior to the autumn of 1803, the Englishman John Dalton was able to explain the results of some of his studies by assuming that matter is composed of atoms and that all samples of any given compound consist of the same combination of these atoms. Dalton also noted that in series of compounds, the ratios of the masses of the second element that combine with a given weight of the first element can be reduced to small whole numbers (the law of multiple proportions). This was further evidence for atoms. Dalton's theory of atoms was published by Thomas Thomson in the 3rd edition of his System of Chemistry in 1807 and in a paper about strontium oxalates published in the Philosophical Transactions. Dalton published these ideas himself in the following year in the New System of Chemical

British chemist and physicist John Dalton theorised that matter is composed of spherical atoms (that are in motion) of different weights and are combined in ratios by weight.

Dalton proposed that all matter is made of atoms (tiny indivisible particles), which cannot be destroyed. He visualised atoms as a solid particle without a structure. All atoms of an element are identical in mass and properties. The atoms of one element differ from the atoms of all other elements in atomic weight. Compounds are combinations of two or more different types of atoms. A chemical reaction results in the rearrangement of atoms in the reactant and product compounds and they don 't destroy or create atoms.

The atom is an important thing in the world of science and chemistry. The atom might have started on a different point of view on how the atom works. There were many different people who had many good and different ideas on how to use the atom and what it was used for. Democritus was one of many other philosopher and scientists that wanted to start the discovery of the atom. He got the name atom from a Greek word, atomos which means that everything is uncut table. The atom was discovered by Ernest Rutherford while he was doing an experiment in 1911-1919. Ernest Rutherford suggested at first that the atoms orbited around atomic the nucleus, just like the planets. Atoms are basic units of matter that are made of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are particles that are found in the center of the atom, and the electrons are particles that are found in shells that orbit around the nucleus of the atom. The nucleus was discovered in 1911, by Ernest Rutherford and it is known for holding the protons and neutrons, and it 's also in the middle of the proton. Atoms have many other things that are special and important to use, but one of the most useful thing is the Periodic Table, a table of the chemical elements arranged in order of the atomic order. The most important things for the history of the atom are the basic units of matter which make the atom

In Chemistry class, the one word you will hear repeatedly is the atom. But in the beginning, it was never this way. Before people had a rough idea what things were made up of, we all thought objects were made up of the four elements: water, earth, fire, and air. This thought was given to us by Aristotle, who was a popular philosopher and scientist in 322 B.C. Then one day, a man named Democritus proclaimed that every substance is made up of tiny, indivisible particles. The Greek said that these particles were called “atomon”, and they all varied in shape depending on their properties. But this idea was rejected by leading philosophers at the time, which was around 400 B.C.

- atoms have different sizes, regular shape, are in constant motion, and have empty space

The concept of Atom was proposed by John Dalton in 1808 to explain the laws of chemical combination. He considered that matter is made up of indivisible atoms.all atoms of an element are identical.Atoms are neither created nor destroyed. Atoms of different elements have different masses and chemical properties. atoms of different elements combine in simple whole numbers to form compounds.