Homosexuality
For years scientists have been attempting to ascertain whether or not homosexual behavior can be linked to a biological catalyst. From Alfred Kinsey's revolutionary survey in 1947 to the current media upheaval about a prospective "gay gene," the desire to pinpoint a cause for the personalities and behaviors associated with homosexuality has reached new plateaux. The scientific community is constantly developing more and more evidence to suggest that there may well be a neurological explanation for homosexuality. Although historical studies and purposed treatments have ranged from group counseling to shock therapy, recent research suggests that exposure to an abnormally high or low amount of certain hormones could
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Prenatal hormonal exposure in rats (the major subjects of sex studies both because they are readily available and because their brains remain in a sex-neutral stage for a few days after their birth) occurs a few days before birth ( 3 ).
Hormones are responsible for activating specific neural circuits which in turn cause sex-specific behavior. In males, testosterone induces physical traits as well as "malelike behavior." Without testosterone, estrogen serves as the "default" hormone and causes female development (2). The term sex-specific behavior refers to gender-typical traits, whether the actions are themselves sexual (like rats mounting) or simply social (like young boys typically playing in a more aggressive manner than do girls).
Although both males and females produce the sex hormone testosterone, human production rates can differ by a factor as large as 100, making the effect of this hormone significantly more crucial to attain a balance in the male body than in the female ( 4 ). In the absence of testosterone, estrogen causes female development; in the presence of testosterone, testes will develop — regardless of genetic sex. It has been established ( 3 ) that at a certain prenatal period, the infiltration of superfluous testosterone has a masculinizing effect on female fetuses. An overactive adrenal gland (either in the mother or fetus) or the usage of anti-miscarriage drugs (which mimic
One of the strongest arguments in favor of the biological base of the homosexuality is the fact that according to the statistics every group of people, irrespectively of their nationality, social conditions and other factors includes certain percentage of gay members, approximately 6-10% (Chalabi, 2013). According to Jacques Balthazart (2011) multiple scientific twin researches prove that the changes of orientation are caused by hormonal disbalance during the prenatal period and as a result several genes of the gays are changed, also in the course of such researches the scientists found out the “region of the brain that was smaller in gay men” (Vincent, 2014).
Replacement of sex hormones during puberty may result in development of adequate secondary sex characteristics e.g. breasts, pubic hair and a deeper voice.
Before 1973, homosexuality with-in our culture, was considered taboo, but things changed when they adopted the civil rights method of protest, “of the 1950s to the 1970s, bringing about change by influencing large amounts of minorities (LGBT Mental Health Syllabus). To be sure, 1973 became an important year for America’s acceptance of homosexuality, as a choice from a previous physiological diagnosis, and the legalization of abortion on the national level. Basically, they revised their medical research over night, with no new research verifying that homosexuality is a trait we are born with. In 1988, Michael Swift wrote and submitted the "Gay Revolutionary", stating a very aggressive take over of our heterosexual community, and was submitted
If someone asked you to identify yourself and who you are as a person, would you be able to answer the question without any doubts? Many people go through their entire life not knowing who they are and who they want to be. What qualities define a person? Is it by the choices they made or by the person’s contingent and accidental characteristics? People do not choose to be gay. The funny thing about choices is that people have the ability to change their thoughts on something, but not their feelings toward it.
The SDN had indeed been transformed by testosterone. Each female rat now had the SDN of a male.” (PBS.org)
In an attempt to understand the cause of homosexuality, researchers began by examining the anatomy of the brain, particularly in primate species. Slimp, Hart & Goy (1976) established the role of the medial preoptic – anterior hypothalamus (MP-AH) by making radiofrequency lesions bilaterally on adult male rhesus monkeys. By doing so they observed that the males still possessed a sex drive (masturbation and yawning – a sexually dimorphic behaviour), but would refuse to have sex with females, possibly implying a change in sexual orientation. This led them to conclude that the MP-AH area is more specifically involved with sexual behaviour that is directed towards a partner. Further investigating of the hypothalamic region was conducted by Allen, Hines, Shryne &
Sexual orientation is considered highly controversial in our world today. There are many issues that society is faced with concerning homosexuality. When thinking of homosexuality most people refer to the Bible for an answer. There is even more controversy within the Bible’s text. Not only is there reference to the Bible, but also to our mind to answer whether or not homosexuality is a moral issue. Psychological and Biological research is searching for an answer to this illustrious area of confusion.
Homosexuality is one of the most hot button issues in America today. Everyone has an opinion, some based on religious views others based on other external factors. People are afraid to talk about it because it’s something we don’t actually fully comprehend. This is because it scares people to admit they don’t know something. We need to find out if being a homosexual is something we are born with, or is it something we learn over time.
Postnatal differentiation of human Leydig cells involves a variety of cellular cascades resulting in mature Leydig cells. When the ‘second wave’ occurs after 2-3 months of birth there is a gradual increase in testosterone levels, the neonatal cell population during this time frame is a mix of mature well-developed Leydig cells and smaller ones (52). These cells possess well-developed steroidogenic machinery expressing both the LH receptor and key steroidogenic enzymes such as 3βHSD, P450scc, P450c17 required for androgen synthesis (53). The neonatal androgen surge is believed to play a role in imprinting various cell types in the prostate, hypothalamus, genetalia and kidney, in such a way they respond appropriately to androgen stimulation during adulthood (54). The Leydig cells then regress and testis remain dormant until puberty (55).
My topic is homosexuality and the natural law theory. The natural law theory, which was founded by Aquinas, rests on a certain view that the world has a rational order with values and purposes built into its very nature. And since homosexuality is against the orders of nature, the natural law theory totally condemns it. I disagree with this point of view because I choose not to judge homosexuals but instead I accept them as members of our society. Middle Eastern societies do not accept homosexuals because their beliefs are against it, but sometimes different behaviors can add to the diversity in a society. We should not let homosexuals feel like they are being looked down upon or treated
When God created the universe, He didn’t create half things. He created everything of two species working and nating in harmony to produce for the purpose of continuity. The flowers should be heterogeneous as well as the trees. The animals wouldn’t exist if there is no heterogeneity and the same rules are applied on us as men and women. To God’s rules no half should exist. There is a day and night but nothing in between; there is existence or no existence but nothing in between. There should be warm cloud and cold cloud to produce rain but nothing in between. Anything that is in between is violating God’s rules, the law of nature. Homosexuality is an unnatural phenomenon that doesn’t guarantee the universe existence. It’s a virus that threatens the future generations. Homosexuality is threat to the humanity, it is a way to deliver diseases, mental health problems and not a way to deliver and raise healthy children.
Homosexuality has become a vital topic of discussion throughout the modern world. In this paper, I talk about how my own perception regarding homosexuality has changed over a period of time. Firstly, I will provide an overview of my cultural background and my initial understanding regarding homosexuality. Secondly, I will elaborate on how my views and perception of homosexuality have evolved over time. Lastly, I will analyze what led to my belief regarding homosexuality at first place and what catalyzed the change in those beliefs eventually. Therefore, this paper is a reflection on my own evolution of perception regarding homosexuality.
Throughout US History, LGBTQ+ people have faced violence and discrimination not just from their fellow Americans, but from our government as well, leading to a timeline of hiding in shame, silence, and suffering prejudice with little to no outcry. The earliest colonies made sure to criminalize sodomy with punishments being as harsh as death, most famously the Virginia and Connecticut colonies. The 1800s saw extreme backlash against the first American publishings with queer characters and plotlines, as well as the term “crime against humanity” first used in the US criminal code in part against homosexuals. Crossdressing was seen worthy of imprisonment and corporal punishment. Tighter and tighter restrictions were placed on the putative perverts, so-called by the federal and state governments. However, after hundreds of years of phobia and hatred, change in the US started coming around after the turn of the 20th century. We were fed up, and queer people across the nation began standing up to fight for their rights as Americans.
My frustration with debate about homosexuality stems not so much from the arguments themselves, but the actual method of argument. Often, two “experts” will approach the topic from two radically different “expert” fields. One may be a New Testament scholar and thus draws out the intricacies of Romans 1:18-28 and the true meaning of the word “homosexual offender” (i.e. older man sleeping with a young boy) in that case. The other may be a biologist who appeals to natural logic and reproduction to defend sex as a behavior meant for heterosexuals. Both of them are right within their own expertise. But they cannot, then, debate, for it would be like Chuck pitching to a batter on another baseball field.
In India, homosexuality is termed as an “unnatural” practice and hence liable to punishments and penalties. It’s not legal for gay people to marry in India. Section 377 of the Indian penal code (IPC) penalizes homosexuality. The penalty for engaging in homosexual activities can extend to life imprisonment in India. Homosexuals hence, can’t marry in India, hence most of them choose to have a live in relationship.