How Can European Automotive Companies Increase Their Exports Of Japan?

The automotive industry has become one of the greatest industries today and is one of the world’s most crucial economic sectors by revenue. All the same, not only does automotive industry develops and manufacture but it also markets and sale motor vehicles globally.

The impact of trade agreement made the country's auto sectors and GDP enhance several folds. Canada gained a lot more from the trade as its economy needed a bigger boost than America. In the production of automobiles, America is the dominant player in making the parts where as Canada assembles it into a vehicle. The trade also paved way for Vertical Specialization as is discussed in the paper. The trade between the two nations saw a downward drift following the 2008/2009 energy crisis that majorly targeted the United States. Since the Canadian market is linked to America's market, it also became a victim of crisis in the auto industry. Despite these troubles, both the nations have attempted to stabilize the problems and still carry on trade and thus progress their import and export quantity as well. Overall, this paper emphasizes the importance of the joint collaboration of both countries in automobile industry and its success.

Like every other industry, the automobile industry in the United States is susceptible to competition. The biggest global contender to the US Automobile Industry is the Japanese Automobile Industry. Trade agreements have been in place since 1995, that make replacement parts for Japanese

In 1995, a trade agreement was made between the United States and Japan. Because of this agreement, Japanese cars became more readily available in the USA, directly competing with American brands such as Ford, Chrysler, and General Motors. Additionally, Japanese dealer outlets established a recognizable presence in the USA, making replacement parts easily available. This helped to increase competition since it provided an incentive for Americans to purchase Japanese cars. Moreover, even in other markets, American car companies failed to maintain their previously strong position as countries such as India, China, and South Korea were also into the manufacturing of automobiles. Even though these countries were proving competition to the

After the crisis of oil in 1973, the popularity of Japanese’s vehicles in the United States increased significantly, this is mainly due to Japanese vehicles had an competitive advanced in the automobile manufacturing. They were more fuel effective and cheaper than American cars. Part of the advantages was due to labor differences and technical efficiencies (Exhibit A) (Japan 's Automakers Face Endaka, 1996) including the lower exchange value of the yen, leaving aside the leading companies of the American industry (Chrysler, Ford and General Motors), those who suffered significant losses in its market share, due to unexpected demand change. This situation continued during the 1980s, in addition to the approximate 30% appreciation of the dollar during 1981 to 1985 (Exhibit B) (Trading Economics, 2014). Which caused concern in the American industry and their unions, who exerted pressure to politicians so they take protective measures. Most of the measures of protection are given through tariffs and quotas on imports. At the beginning of the eighties the first of several interventions and protectionism measures take place. Ronald Regan, President of the United States imposed to Japan a “voluntary” exports restrictions (VERs), which limited the number of passenger cars exported to the U.S.A to 1.68 million vehicles a year, the measure was kept in place until March 1984 (Toyota Global, 1981). Although the VERs for a short time improved and protected the U.S auto industry’s market

Free trade areas, FTA, are economic integration arrangements in which barriers to trade (e.g. tariffs), exchange of goods and information among member nations are removed. It is arguable to say that fair trade aims to create equilibrium between LEDC's, less economically developed countries and developed nations in terms of trading activities and ethics. In saying this, free trading between more economically developed countries and LEDC's will mean

Since the end of World War II, Japan's economic strategy for growth was based on exports, that allowed the development of its powerful industrial sector. During the 1980s, Japanese automakers in particular were enjoying an unprecedented and largely unexpected period of prosperity. They managed to establish a successful domestic automobile industry and to gradually sell their products abroad. Thanks to their competitive advantage in producing cars with respect to foreign competitors, due to labor differences, technical efficiencies (lighter and fuel-efficient cars), better designs, and of

Many international competitors are active in the American domestic market, and 6 of the top 10 selling vehicles in America are Japanese (“Market Data Center”, 2015). This is in part due to the relatively open American market, with import tariffs on automobiles at a low 2.5%. By comparison, Germany levies a 10% tariff (“Auto Industry”, 2010).

After the end of World War II, the Governments began having an active interest in making trade liberalization a reality via multilateral negotiations (Baldwin & Jaimovich, 2012). At the time, the United States was aggressively pursuing liberalization of international trade by forming mutual trade agreements between several counties in successive rounds of multilateral negotiations via the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and later the World Trade Organization (WTO). However, in the past few years, there has been a growing concern over the effectiveness of multilateral negotiations (Cooper, 2014). This concern has led to the formulation of Free Trade Agreement (FTA), which removes nearly all trade subsidies and restrictions for both individuals and a business around the world. Currently, several FTAs have been signed and proposed between countries (Baier et al., 2014). Economists around the world believe that the FTA now includes a large part of the world’s economic output, and, thus, their impact should be studied in greater depth and detail. The consensus over the impact of FTA is that all their effects, good or bad, should be extremely minimalistic on all the countries involved. The following report provides background on the FTA, examines the FTA regulations, and discusses the impact that the FTA has on the global economy.

In order to detach trade between the nations by minimizing or reducing the various forms of barriers that restrict trade between the nations, free trade agreements are signed. The North American Free Trade Agreements and the ASEAN Free Trade Area are regions where usually sign Free trade agreements. However in this investigation, ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) will be discuss. AFTA has become the third largest trade bloc in the world and has gained importance to the society. In this investigation, the impacts of AFTA in Malaysia is being pointed out as for their benefits and their challenges faced.

In 1886 the first petrol powered automobile the Benz patent Motorwagen was invented by Karl Benz. It was the first time in history that an automobile (car) was produced in production. It was the beginning of the car industry, what today has become one of the world’s most important economic sectors by revenue. Although the car industry has always been a huge Market it has mostly be regional, the past 30 years have enabled the car market to gain growth through globalisation. These factors were a result of a market that started to transform globally: Foreign Direct Investment or (FDI) which is an investment made by a company based in one country, into a company based in a another country. Large FDI flows come from the huge amount of low-cost labour forces in Brazil, China and India, strengthening both local markets and developed countries. Furthermore global production and cross border trade have accelerated. Another change in the car market around the 1980’s was the increased outsourcing in the car market which resulted in increased trade and FDI for developed countries. Also the developing countries profited through this by increasing their

Nissan’s innovation allowed it to conquer limits in the car industry. Taking into account the organization's interesting skill, enthusiasm and knowledge, it is presently giving answer for the vehicles interest of the United Nations. Nissan is additionally dealing with marketing and deals to certain individual nations in Asia, Africa and Oceania. For all of these clients, their administration is not restricted to simply offering autos, but rather giving showcasing, logistic and monetary arrangement too. The capacity of Nissan is one of a kind and amazing yet settled as a necessary piece of Nissan Motor's global operation. Nissan's import model vehicles from Nissan's generation plants and R&D focuses outside Japan for Nissan's worldwide R&D focus. It additionally assume the same part to import vehicles of different brands for R&D reason. Being part of Nissan's Marketing and Sales Division for General Overseas Market, Nissan has tackled the obligations of advertising, creation control and logistics for certain individual nations in Asia, Africa and Oceania. Its branches outside Japan, for example, the Netherlands, the US, or other parts of Asia are likewise playing the part of trading brand new vehicles from Nissan's manufacturing units around the world. Indeed, Nissan has global growth that is beyond the ordinary and absolutely

The report addresses trade as a whole between the US and Japan and analyses from Japan’s point of view. It also takes into consideration the trade patterns between both nations in the last 10 years. It looks further at the significant industries of both countries with respect to import and exports. In addition, the trade policies of the METI are analysed constructively in order to discover loopholes. The TPP is also looked at in depth in order to see the benefits it would bring to our client. Finally, it outlines recommendations to the Minister of Economics, Trade and Industry (METI) in Japan on how to improve its trade balance between the US as well as its overall economy

Despite, not all sectors show positive attitudes toward the EU-Japan FTA/EPA. Principally, the feature of the EU-Japan commerce is the intra-industry trade in goods (Benz and Yalcin, 2015: 936). Albeit trade

With the automotive business in deep trouble in most parts of the world, China and India continue to surge ahead with production to meet consumers’ growing demand for cars. Just as the Western world’s love affair with the automobile spawned a major industrial and cultural shift, the growing car park in China and India is driving an evolution—not only in consumer mobility, but also in lubricant demand, creating vast opportunities for lubricant and basestock marketers.Once the powerhouse of worldwide production, the U.S. auto industry has suffered severely at the hands of a protracted recession. Between lagging consumer demand and financial pressures, the entire NAFTA region has been weakened. However, on the other side of the globe, China and India are surging ahead with automotive production