Cimabue and his artwork
Cimabue (1240-1302) was a master Florentine painter and mosaicist, who was a pioneer in the artistic movement towards naturalism in his time. Cimabue introduced three-dimensional designs using the Romanesque approach, with Byzantine models and medieval techniques to create his own style, which was soon enough followed by many other artists. He was born with the name of Bencivieni di Pepo, and was probably nicknamed Cimabue, or “Oxhead” because of Cima has the meaning of “head” and bue meaning “ox”, unfortunately, we know very little of his personal life, thus no one is exactly sure why he got the name Cimabue. It is a common error that he was named Giovanni, also he was not noble born as it is an error in many books.
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He developed new methods and styles to represent religious motives. Cimabue was strongly influenced by Byzantine art, although his masters are unknown, it is clear that he tried to follow the styles which were present in the 13th century. He was one of the first artists of his time to leave the traditional stiff Byzantine style and find more beauty in the reality of nature and life, and he represented this naturalism with soft edges and natural outlines, which created a dramatic approach in his religious art. Cimabue worked with egg tempera on panel to create his frescoes or religious murals, and created his artwork with linear perspective. He was hired to create various art pieces for churches and basilicas, however, not everything he made is credited to him, thus art historians could only have a strong idea about the amount of works he actually made. Cimabue created two large crosses, both made out of wood and decorated neatly. The first surviving cross was made around 1260 and the second cross is dated between 1287 and 1288. The earlier Crucifix is located in San Domenico, Arezzo, and it is his only work that could be attributed to a pictorial phase, however, all documentary evidence is lacking. The second work was commissioned by the Franciscan friars of Santa Croce and is built from a complex arrangement of five main and eight ancillary timber boards. These crosses are the first Italian artworks to break from the late medieval Byzantine style and is renowned for its technical innovations and humanistic iconography, thus why Cimabue is considered as a pioneer in art. The monumentality of the cross links it to the Byzantine tradition. If we take a look at crosses from the same century, we can see that many works are made in the exact same way. For example, Giunta Pisano’s Crucifix from 1240 shows Christ's static pose in the same reflective style, the work is overall
Art in the early Renaissance began with artists such as Giotto, who was credited with beginning a new style of art that Masaccio had taken up and integrated into his art later in the Renaissance. This specific style, being the use of massive figures, relation of background/landscapes to figures, and visual representation of perspective, was utilized by Masaccio in his frescoes in the Brancacci chapel. Masaccio’s Tribute Money is showing a biblical tale ,as the renaissance was not entirely anti religion, but with subjects that are being made to look realistic through a use of perspective (vanishing point, horizon line, etc,) and it is said that Masaccio's work was said to be “ living, natural, and real”. Artists such as Uccello took this style and adapted it to also make his art more realistic by using figures to show the laws of perspective, while others like Pollaiuolo
Christian art and iconography began, about two hundred years after the birth of Christ. Western Christian art and religious iconography was based on the classical art styles and imagery by the Ancient Romans. Medieval art iconography began to relate more to text of the Bible. Religious Christian art was created in the form of illuminated manuscripts, mosaics, and fresco paintings adorned churches. The colors of art were generally muted except those used in manuscripts and stained glass windows. Figures varied in sizes in relation their importance. Unlike artists in the Byzantine period who avoided making sculptures at all costs, Romanesque artists made sculptures which were often large, made of stone, and
Leonardo Da Vinci was the great painter and inventor of the 15th century. Throughout his life he made different works of art including La Gioconda, The Last Supper, and his famous Annunciation painting. From an early age he learned to paint in Florence in the open world of Italy. He then later formulated his scientific discoveries, and invented bizarre contraptions to solve all kinds of different problems. One question that still remains is where did Leonardo Da Vinci get all his ideas from? The world that Leonardo lived in was a world filled with nature, cities, and animals. Leonardo Da Vinci’s art work and inventions were inspired by his environment.
One of the most famous painter and sculptors of the Italian Renaissance, the age of renewal and cultural achievement circa 1500, was the artistic genius Michelangelo Buonarroti. The man that desired nothing but perfection often reached it in his work. He captured the motion of the human figure and the anatomy of muscles in a way that was increasingly beautiful and startlingly realistic. Whether because of one of the most famous sculptures in history, “the David” or the paintings on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, that became the textbook examples for the art period of High Renaissance, Michelango’s art changed the world and he will continue to be studied with awe throughout history.
During the Baroque Ages a man by the name of Caravaggio was a very prominante artist,
The work of art that I have chosen to write about, is the Three Miracles of Saint Zenobius (1500-10). This painting is part of a bigger collection that depicts scenes from the life of Saint Zenobius. It’s sister pieces are spread out in different parts of the world, such places as, London, Dresden and New York itself. The painter of this entire collection is Sandro Botticelli (1445-1510) and he belongs to the Early part of the Renaissance. It is worth to note, that Botticelli was taught by Filippo Lippi. Fra Filippo Lippi was a prominent artist of his time and he painted his work with great color and as well with a narrative quality. Botticelli himself made a name for himself by his artistic style and to his contribution to painting the frescoes of the Sistine Chapel and even though his most notable work of art was the Birth of Venus that was created eighteen years prior to the Three Miracles, this piece of work takes a different approach than his other paintings. The painting itself resembles the Scenes from the life of Saint John the Baptist (1490/95) and it could be said that Botticelli was inspired by it.
Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio better known as simply Caravaggio was an Italian Baroque master painter born in Italy around 1571. After he apprenticed with a painter in Milan, he moved to Rome, where he lived for most of his life. His work influenced painters around Europe. He’s most known for his gruesome subjects and use of Tenebrism, which was a technique that used heavy shadow to
Michelangelo was a sculptor, painter and architect considered to be one of the greatest artists of the Italian Renaissance period and of all time. His work showed a mix of psychological insight, physical realism and intensity that has never before seen. His peers realized his amazing talent, and Michelangelo received work from some of the most wealthy and powerful men of his day, including popes and others related with the Catholic Church. His resulting work, most greatly his Pietà and David sculptures and Sistine Chapel ceiling paintings, has been carefully tended and preserved, making sure that future generations would be able to view and appreciate Michelangelo’s genius. Michelangelo Buonarroti (Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni) was born
“A man paints with his brains and not with his hands” –Michelangelo. This quotation is a powerful statement said by none other than Michelangelo Buonarroti – painter, architect, poet, sculptor and engineer. Born on March 6, 1475 in the small Italian village of Caprese near Florence. As he was apprenticed at age thirteen to Domenico Ghirlandaio and studied under early Renaissance masters, Lorenzo Ghiberti and Bertoldo di Givoanni, he developed his talents at a very young age. Not only was Michelangelo the most significant and skillful artist of the Renaissance period, his contributions such as his artistic works, his artistic techniques and his significance in art history allowed for him to have a lasting impact on the world.
During the 14th century, much Italian work was influenced by the previous cultures and their artistic convention. Specifically, the Byzantine Empire had a lot of influence on the artworks causing similar aspects and characteristics in the Italian style of painting. Cimabue and Giotto used key features of the Byzantine style of art, such as the use of gold and lack of individuation, yet they broke away from that style by adding depth and representation of space into their paintings. The Madonna Enthroned, by Cimabue and by Giotto di Bondone has some similarities as well as differences: Cimabue and Giotto are both known for breaking away from the Italo-Byzantine style of art and entering the Proto-Renaissance era.
This is an artwork is by Giotto. Giotto was an artist that was very advance for his time. He grew up as a shepherds boy in the outskirts of florence. There he worked on his paintings when an artist named Cimabue saw his artwork and took him under his wing as an apprentice. Giotto’s work is so important because he was using a thing called perspective. Perspective was lost during the middle ages, but Giotto reclaimed it. Though nobody used this method for a couple hundred years, if it weren’t for Giotto then it could have been much longer before art became more advanced.
The San Lorenzo is considered one of the greats of the early Renaissance because of the architectural style used. I used my own antique designs for the columns and the rectangular rows set and stone in the walls. I used the laws of geometry and certain calculated proportions to construct this masterpiece. This is a clear example how the relationship between art and science is seen in my architectural works of art. This church is still one of the largest churches and one of the oldest churches in Florence
Born on 9 May in 1914 in Rapperswil (along Lake Zurich in Switzerland), Josef Müller-Brockmann was the second youngest child in the family. Josef’s artistic abilities had been noticed since he was a teenager. At 16 years old, Josef left school to look for a job where he could invest his illustrative skills. When Josef turned 18, he took classes at Zurich School
Michelangelo Di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni was the full name of the famous artist we all call by just his first name Michelangelo. Michelangelo was born on March 6th, 1475 in Caprese, Italy and lived with his parents and four siblings. Michelangelo's mother became sick when he was an infant and he was raised by a wet nurse. In Michelangelo's teen years he would leave school early and go to the church to watch the painted while they worked; his family started to see him as a disgrace as they didn’t see art as a profession he should join(Michelangelo). As he became older he worked more and more with stone over any other type of art and made
Arguably the largest influence of literature and art in general is the culture in which it is created. Knowing and understanding culture gives readers better insight and understanding of the story and its meaning. The influence of modernism had a strong impact on literature during its time-period, and Rabindranath Tagore used the influence of modernism to address the issue of gender. In his short story “Punishment”, Tagore reflects his feministic views through his use of the characters and their fate. The topic of gender during this time creates an even stronger and deeper meaning to readers of Tagore’s story. Tagore recognized the importance of gender issues and the need to make people aware of these issues, and saw the opportunity forming to relay this message as the culture began to change and modernism caused people to see the world differently. Modernism created an outlet to promote feminist’s views and Tagore used this change in culture to address the treatment of women in society.