Aluminum has historically been suspected of being a carcinogen for over a century, so its ability to induce breast cancer shouldn’t be considered farfetched (Darbre, Mannello, & Exley, 2013). It is classified as a xenoestrogen, along with BPA, parabens, and phthalates; this implies that it has estrogen-like effects that can alter the function of natural estrogen, thus contributing to cancer (Konduracka, Krzemieniecki, & Gajos, 2014). Aluminum is not a necessary component of the body, and has been widely regarded as a neurotoxin, but its other effects are still unknown (Mandriota, Tenan, Ferrari, & Sappino, 2016). However, it is prevalent in many products, such as antacids, food, vaccines, cosmetics, just to name a few (Mandriota et al., 2016). There has not been much attention to the possible dangers of aluminum absorption at low levels until recently (Darbre et al., 2013). For example, antiperspirants are a major source of controversy as to whether they can promote the development of breast cancer. There have been very few epidemiological studies that address this topic, as it would be too challenging with the number of confounders involved (Darbre et al., 2013). This essay’s purpose is to summarize the research findings regarding aluminum’s effects on breast cancer development and address public health implications.
It is imperative to note the statistics for breast cancer, to better understand its impact on society. Breast cancer incidence is on the rise in Western
Breast cancer is a complex disease that will affect around 1 in 9 Canadian women during their lifespan. According to the latest statistics, it is found that around
According to breastcancer.org, Breast Cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide and the second most common cancer overall. In 2016, an estimated 247,000 cases of invasive breast cancer will be diagnosed in the U.S. alone. So no matter who you are or where you live, understanding breast cancer is very important. But the most important thing to know is that a diagnosis is NOT a death sentence, it can be treated.
Breast cancer is the most common malignant disease occurring in women in Saudi society. After study and research, it found that two-thirds of the injuries in the Saudi society are diagnosed in advanced stages. The reasons for that are the lack of education for necessary of Self-examination and clinical examination annual, leading to the spread of the disease further. In addition to genetic changes, environmental pollution, bad lifestyle , Obesity ,Lack of exercise are also factors that helped in the spread of the disease. The delayed age of marriage and lack of breastfeeding are the risk factors for breast cancer(1,10,14).Early detection and diagnosis of breast cancer is important for successful treatment selection , and increase mortality rate of breast cancer.
Over the past decade breast cancer has become one of the most predominant diseases in the United States. Breast cancer starts out as a malignant tumor in the tissues of the breast which is formed from the uncontrolled growth of abnormal breast cells. Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, but it can also appear in men. (Stephan, 2010)
It is estimated that 40,030 deaths from breast cancer (39,620 women, 410 men) are will occur in 2013. Breast cancer is second only to lung cancer as the leading cause of cancer deaths in women. Breast cancer death rates have been decreasing steadily since 1989, rates decreased by 3.0% per year in women younger than 50 and by 2.0% per year in women 50 and older between 2005 and 2009. This decline is attributed to prevention, early detection, improved healthcare services and reduced use of MHT.
“One out of every four deaths in the U.S. is from cancer. About 1.2 million new cancer cases are diagnosed in the U.S. annually and about 564,000 Americans will die of it each year-- more than 1,500 people per day” (GrowthHouse). The real question is, what causes cancer? Is it all genetic or do things that we use in our everyday lives cause cancer? There are so many different ideas of what actually causes cancer. There has been a great deal of research in labs to see what increases the risk of someone getting diagnosed with cancer. Research has shown that the effects of chemicals in laundry detergent, sunscreen, hair dye and alcohol are possible causes of cancer.
Generally speaking, throughout the United States, Cancer is a public health concern that has a significant impact amongst both men and women. At the same time, Breast Cancer indicates development of a tumor from cells in the breast known as a malignant tumor. Breast Cancer can begin at two different points, either the cells of the lobules, that are milk-producing glands, or the ducts, a channel draining milk from the lobule to the nipple (“What is Breast Cancer,” 2016). Specifically speaking about Breast Cancer among women, according to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2016), it is the most common cancer, regardless of ethnicity or race. Under those
Breast cancer is a leading cause of death of women, secondary only to heart disease. Breast cancer will affect one of every eight women or approximately 12% of the population. In 2016 there are 246,660 new cases of invasive breast cancer that will be diagnosed as well as 46,000 cases of breast cancer in situ in women. Additionally, there are 2,600 cases of breast cancer that will be found in men. Breast cancer rates have been decreasing since the year 2000. This is thought to be partially due to increased screening measures as well as discontinuing the use of hormone replacement therapy. There was as positive link established between hormone therapy
Professor Chris Exley, a world famous aluminium expert, had hoped the inquest would highlight just how little we know about the safety of one of the most prolific metals on the planet. Prof Exley has explained that aluminium, added to nearly everything we eat, drink, inject and absorb is classed as a neurotoxin at high levels. Yet despite this, no one actually knows whether the amount of aluminium we’re ingesting is a safe amount. In spite of hundreds of publications demonstrating that the aluminum isn’t safe, there haven’t been any real investigations into the subject of aluminium accumulation in the body. Exley, a professor of Inorganic Chemistry at Keele University, Staffordshire, has been researching the subject of aluminium for over a quarter of a century.
Aluminum is the active antiperspirant is antiperspirants, which, combined with deodorant, keeps one smelling fresh and clean. The question stems from whether aluminum is absorbed into the body, and does this absorption lead to cancer. Again, nothing definitive from the scientific front, but the concerns have largely been dismissed based on the reasoning that a person's body cannot absorb enough aluminum from antiperspirants to constitute a health risk.
Breast Cancer affects one in eight of American women, and is the second most common cause of cancer death in America. I chose to write my term paper on breast cancer because it is a disease that has effected some members of my family. Due to this possibly inherited condition, I felt that researching the topic would help me learn ways to prevent the disease and educate myself to perform self-exams that may result in early detection.
To acknowledge the health beings of a women is quite scary knowing that in about 1 in 8 women in the U.S will develop breast cancer. By this year of 2016 going into 2017 there will approximately be 246,660 cases found. The 20th century is described to be the cancer century. One main cancer I wanted to talk about that has my full attention was breast cancer. The important ways of looking at breast cancer as a tremendous problem is because we are losing our women to this disease. Categorizing the main issues to give clarification for those who know of it but know little knowledge or have no knowledge. Based on the information in my research I have supporting details for the definition of breast cancer, the treatments and cures for breast cancer, how things would be different without treatments , the causes and effects, stages, the breast cancer awareness month etc. However, around the world there are a ton of women affected by Breast cancers in the United States without signs and clues they will or have the cancer.
The burden of cancer is growing globally due to aging and adoption of westernized lifestyle like physical inactivity,smoking etc. Every year nearly 10 million people are diagnosed and 6 million die of cancer globally. Cancers of lung, breast and colorectal region constitute 12.3%, 10.4% and 9.4% of total cancers cases respectively across the globe. Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality in India. 6 % of all reported deaths are due to cancer.
In recent years, cancer prevalence has been increasing globally. It is now one of the top 10 causes of death among the middle and high income countries worldwide (World Health Organisation, 2008). In Singapore, cancer has surpassed cardiovascular disease and become the top killer over the last 3 years (Ministry of Health, 2007). Breast cancer tops the chart among Singaporean women (Health Promotion Board, 2007). Thousands of women are diagnosed with breast cancer annually and it causes approximately 270 deaths each year (Jara-Lazaro, et al., 2010). The lifetime risk that a woman in Singapore getting breast cancer is now 1 in every 17 which has risen compared to past two decades (National Cancer Centre Singapore, 2006). Hence, breast
ABSTRACT- Cancer is a big cause of death worldwide. Around the world Cancer of different types effect millions of population and leads to loss of lives. According to the available data through our complete and thorough nationwide registries on cancer (number of times something happens), number and death in India among males cancers of lung, mouth, oesophagus and stomach are leading places/locations of cancer and among females cancer of breast, cervix are leading places/locations. Books on management and treatment of different cancers in west is widely available but data in Indian big picture is thinly distributed. Cancer of gallbladder and oesophagus followed by cancer of breast marks as leading site in North-Eastern states. Therefore, cancer research and management practices become one of the crucial tasks of importance for effective management and clinical care for patient in any country. Hence, the need to develop a nationwide consensus for clinical management and treatment for various cancers was felt .With urbanization and changes in life style, there is increasing incidence of carcinoma of the breast and it is estimated that every year 144,000 women are diagnosed with breast cancer. The incidence of breast cancer is higher in urban India, especially the metropolitan cities where it is now the leading female cancer and is the second most common cancer after cervix in