Human Testing Vs Animal Testing

Human experimentation has always been a topic of ethical controversy, recently the draw towards this practice has become increasingly more appealing; due to the expanding medical advancements and progress within the last decade. It is obvious why experimenting on humans is an attractive option, but how far can we push these experiments before it's considered criminal and inhumane? Many medical researchers push for the use of human experimentation because of the general good that these experiments may have on not only the medical community but also the general public. However, there are many ethical questions that need to be addressed before such experiment is conducted.

Should we be testing on animals? This topic is important because there is a lot of debate around it. Some people say it's cruel and inhumane, and that animals have rights too. On the other hand, there are people who say it has a positive outcome because we have discovered new ways to cure fatal diseases and improve our medicines. Currently, people still use animals for medical and cosmetics testing. About 26 million animals are used for testing each year. Animal testing has been going on since about the 1850s, although the treatment of animals has greatly improved throughout the years. People still disagree about whether or not it is ethical. Some of the ways that animals are being used less for testing include: the use of computer programs to see if products can be used on humans, as well as people donating their own skin to be tested on. I think this topic is important because I care about the issue and people still have many strong emotions about it. I have also always wondered how animal testing happens and why people do it. Do animals have rights? Some people say “If an individual is a member of a species that lacks the capacity of free moral judgement, then he or she does not have moral rights. All non-human animal species lack the capacity for free moral judgement. Therefore, non-human animals do not have rights.” The U.S. law allows animals to be burnt, shocked, poisoned, isolated, starved, drowned, addicted to drugs, and even brain damaged. On top of this,

If these experiments had been tested using another device or substance, these outcomes would not have happened. The idea of animal testing is that animals are used so that humans are not harmed, but these experiments caused more harm than anything to humans in the long run due to the misleading outcomes of experiments conducted on animals.

Throughout history there are many examples of humans conducting experiments on other humans. Over the years human experimentation has greatly advanced the knowledge of human physiology and psychology, leading to better treatments for ailments both physical and mental as well as a better overall understanding of the human constitution. Despite all of the good which human experimentation has done for the human race there have been times when experimenters have taken human experimentation past the bounds of morality. This unethical human experimentation is most often caused when the experimenters are, in some way, able to justify their experiments.

The experimentation was then accelerated due to the growing scientific advances of the Soviet Union. And while the experimentation was unethical, it proved to save many lives through the use of the standards that were developed.

There was a man named Immanuel Kant, who once said, “He who is cruel to animals becomes hard also in his dealings with men. We can judge the heart of a man by his treatment of animals.” This paper will be covering the moral issue on animal testing and whether animal testing is right or wrong. I will be applying the theories of Deontological, Utilitarianism and Virtue Ethics viewpoints on animal testing and then see which moral issue is better.

In this compare and contrast essay I will be comparing and contrasting human testing vs. Animal testing I understand the need for animals to be tested on some science projects putting a mouse in a trap to see if he'll find the cheese but testing vaccines on them but if you tested vaccines on humans I don't think you're going to be proud of you know every single day with 15 different needles to see if you get sick or what kind of allergic reaction you would have. Say that animals are people too you know animals are your best friends I know my animals are my best friends I don't think you really want to think of your best friends mom or dad getting probe you with a needle to see if so let's see what allergic reaction they have animals sadly do

Human experimentation has led to a large majority of the medical knowledge and advancements that are used today. It also helps doctors to get a better understanding of the human body and create ways to prevent deadly diseases and/or cure them, but it is often argued that experimenting on humans is not only morally but ethically wrong, especially without consent.

There are better alternatives to animal testing such as vitro testing and computer models. In vitro testing, people use test mean gods with models based on human cell and tissue cultures. Havard's Wyss Institute has created human cells that grow in a state-of-the-art system. They are called "organs on chips" that can be used instead of animals in disease research, drug testing, and toxicity testing. There are also varieties of cell-based tests and tissue models that include products such as Cee Tox and EpiDerm. These are used to asses the safety of drugs, chemicals, cosmetics, and consumer products. Another better alternative to animal testing is using computer models. A wide range of computer models have been developed by researchers that

Human experimentation has been a major part of human history throughout the world. It is the practice of subjecting live human beings to science experiments that are sometimes cruel, painful, or deadly. (#1) Medical milestones have been made with these experiments on humans, but the inhumane treatments have remained a secret. Human experimentation dates back to the 1800s and is still continuing today. During the rise of infectious diseases, doctors were committed to invent and test cures for the greater good of society.

To find ways to advance humans and all of the earth without harming through such experimentation sounds like a noble endeavor (Boss, n.d., para. 64). How many times has it been in the news about animals being harmed through experimentation? I think there must be things that cannot be learned any other way, but finding ways to minimize harm done in the search of higher psychological pursuits sounds like a better way to go.

Animal tests are more expensive than different methods. They also waste government money. Cancer study can cost two-to-four million dollars, but animal research spends fourteen billion of its thirty one billion dollars annual budget on research for animals. Normal study test on illnesses cost a lot of money, but it still is lower than what animal testing cost. Animals testing cost a lot and most of the time test fail, so it just wasted billions of dollars that could of helped someone or something that would have made a good effect. Also sixteen billion dollars of taxpayers money is spent on animal testing. The government is wasting their money on testing, but so is American citizens. If testing has to be done, the tester should pay,

The FDA’s “Animal Rule” establishes certain guidelines for drugs that are tested on animals before their approval be cause testing these drugs on humans would be unethical. The Animal Rule “Drugs intended to ameliorate or prevent serious or life-threatening conditions due to other toxic chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear substances… may be eligible for development under the Animal Rule when… field trials to study effectiveness are not feasible.” The Animal Rule establishes what processes are recommended to make sure that the animals used and the experiments conducted are accurate and safe.

Denis Diderot once said, “There are three principal means of acquiring knowledge... observation of nature, reflection, and experimentation. Observation collects facts; reflection combines them; experimentation verifies the result of that combination.” Denis Diderot discusses the overall way to obtain information. When wanting to know statistics, numerous experiments need to be performed in order to provide accurate results. Through the abundant of experiments performed, human experimentation is one of those tests. Upon hearing the words “human experimentation,” individuals automatically assume grotesque, immoral, and unethical tests being conducted on people. However, this is untrue because experimenting on humans is beneficial to the citizens

The use of non-animal based safety tests is generally more relevant to humans as animal