Objective:
What is the effect of acid rain have on the growth of radish seeds?
Hypothesis:
The seeds that are not in acid rain will germinate more because the acid rain will cause most of the seeds to not germinate because the acid will burn the chemical the seed needs to germinate
Materials
Diluted Sulfuric Acid
(Acid Rain)
Normal Rain
60 Radish Seed
Glass marking pencil
Masking tape
2 petri dishes
Sponges (2)
Graduated cylinder
Procedure:
Label the petri dishes with “regular” and “acid”.
Place a sponge in each petri dish.
Pour 30 mL of water in the petri dish labeled ”water” and 30 mL of the diluted sulfuric acid into the petri dish labeled “Acid Rain”.
Evenly space 30 radish seeds on the sponges in each petri dish.
Seal the petri dishes securely with the masking tape, and the place them under the the sun.
Data/Observations:
Effect of Acid Rain Radish Seeds
Group
Light
Acid
Observation
1
30
25
2
29
22
3
27
16
Acid was a darker green
4
25
12
More leaves on the acid plants
5
24
17
6
25
19
Acid was a darker green
7
26
22
8
18
19
Average
25.5
19
Graph
Conclusion:
The experiment was done to see how acid rain affects seed germination. The experiment was done with 60 radish seeds, sulfidic acid, and water.We put 30 seeds in a petri dish with a sponge that is soaked in sulfuric acid and we put the other 30 seeds in another petri dish with a sponge that is
All five groups recorded the outcomes that they established. For our bench, we found that nine raddish seeds in the control dish, zero raddish seeds in the eucalyptus dish, and four radish seeds in the lemon dish germinated and sprouted. Our bench also found that the average seed length for the control was thirty one millimeters, for the Eucalyptus was zero. and for the Lemon was eight and a half. Below, is a chart and graph that shows the whole data as averages from all five benches. Each bench did the exact same experiment so we knew nothing would be biased.
Put the bottom piece of the petri dish onto the top piece. Move the petri dish to an area where it cannot be disturbed. Repeat procedure with each solution. When the procedure has been completed with each solution, stack the petri dishes and tape them together. Let the petri dishes sit for seven days.
Pour the 20mL of Hydrochloric acid into the Zip-lock® bag and hold it upright so none of the liquid pours
Firstly, for the setup of the experiment, two styrofoam cups were filled with two inches worth of standard, fertilized garden soil, next four seeds from from the garden seed, and the bird seed were placed an inch deep in separate cups. The seeds were blindly labeled, with one being labeled group A and one being labeled group B. This was so as to efficiently conduct a double blind experiment. The seeds were watered with approximately a teaspoon of water per day, and kept in a sunny windowsill. They were left in the windowsill for two weeks, and watered daily.
The results observed do not correspond with the outcome predicted by the hypothesis. Despite the nature of the subjects of the experiments, no substantial growth was observed. Only one seed of the 36 planted germinated, and it could only survive for a period of a week. The one seed that germinated reach a height of 1.2 cm. Table 1 presents the average growth observed in each quad. Each quad had a total of 12 seeds. No seeds were removed during the course of the experiment.
After finishing the entire lab experiment, I find that those were the only big problems I had. If I were to improve this experiment, though, I would find a good window ledge, buy a tape measure and have a better object to block the experimental seeds from the sun. Other than these factors, I feel this lab went very successfully and that the results were reasonably accurate.
The low-density radish-collard mix pots contained four seeds of radishes and four seeds of collards. The high-density radish-collard pots contained 32 seeds of each species. While our group replicated this 3x2 design four times to total 24 posts, we incorporated the whole class data. Therefore, there were 16 replicates for each treatment. For each pot, we filled soil up until about one inch from the top. We placed the seeds in the pot and piled on around 2 or 3 cm of soil on top. In 3 species levels, seeds were spaced as evenly as possible. In the mixed species pot, the two species were alternated so that each one had the same access to space and nutrients at the other. For each pot, we wrote down our section number, group name, and the contents of the pot. Our group worked at the first bench in the greenhouse and also contained our pots that were spread out evenly in four rows. Our pots stayed in the greenhouse for about five weeks, captured as much sunlight as they could, and got their water source from sprinklers that automatically came on twice a
The group planted a total of 8 separate pots of seeds. Two pots consisted of only seeds and those were the control group of this experiment. The other plants also consisted of radish seeds but had chemicals ammonia, vinegar, or a combination of both applied once weekly with 30ml of water being applied daily (except on the weekends). As a result, there were a total of 8 pots. Two of each variable and two of the controls.
METHODS/PROCEDURES: In the beginning of the experiment, pea seeds were used in order to perform the experiment. It was extremely important to acquire good, dry, and viable seeds so the process of germination could occur. A handful of these healthy seeds worked best in assisting the experiment. The seeds ability to germinate was a vital information needed to determine the outcome of the experiment.
“North Americans have been smelting ore and burning fossil fuels for generations. In the past, the gases went up ordinary chimneys or small smoke stacks, to descend upon near by areas and pollute them,” states author, Robert Collins. Almost everyone knows what acid rain is and has a vague idea of the consequences that exist as a cause of it. Most people however do not realize the severity of acid rain. The essay “Acid Rain: Scourge from the Skies” by Robert Collins was very effective in showing the true severity of acid rain. By using excellent developmental devices, Robert Collins was able to write an effective essay that is appealing to today’s society, as well as
If the concentration of Gibberellic Acid increase, the number of seeds germinated per day will increase.
1. Label one glass water and the other vinegar or lemon juice depending on which acid you use.
The environmental challenge facing society that I have chosen to discuss is Acid Rain. The effects of acid rain were first noticed 150 years ago in Britain, and to this day are still an issue. The pH scale allows us to decide whether a substance is acidic or basic. If the substance has a pH of 7, it is neutral, below seven it is acidic, or above seven it is basic. Precipitation normally has a pH of 5.6, slightly acidic due to the CO2 in the atmosphere mixing with the rainwater to create a weak carbonic acid. Human induced pollution also plays a role in acid rain by releasing harmful gases such as sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere. This is mostly done by the burning of fossil fuels and in industrial processes such as metal production (Middleton,2008). In agriculture, ammonia from nitrogenous fertilisers and manures escapes to the atmosphere by volatilisation (Tennesen, 2010).
This lab was a success, because it shows what happens with acid rain, and its effect on seed germination. The seeds will actually grow
Rain is a basic yet significant component of the ecological system and it appears that it can do no damage to the environment, animals and the buildings around the world. Normal rain cannot do such damage, but acid rain can. Acid rain or acid deposition is the result of atmospheric pollution from acid gases that exert from factories, oil refineries and the burning of fossil fuels. Acid rain has damageable effects on animals, buildings, plants and bodies of water. These ecological effects can be very severe and can have a huge impact on the environment. Acid rain has multiple harmful effects and these effects act as consequences for specific human activities.