Initial answer: My initial answer to the question of whether or not we have free will is yes, we do indeed have free will.
Philosophical Context: I shall use Blackburn’s “Think” to discuss my question and initial answer. In Think, Blackburn has a chapter dedicated to discussing the presence of free will and both arguments for and against its presence.
Objection 1: In the beginning of chapter 4 of Think, Blackburn brings up the idea of determinism, or the idea that “every event is the upshot of previous antecedent causes.” His argument goes “The past controls the present and the future. You can’t control the past. Also, you can’t control the way that the past controls the future. So, you can’t control the present or the future.” This means that every action or event that happens in the present was set in motion by the past and there is nothing that you can do it change it -- the future has already been set. Therefore, there is no free will involved because you are just doing what is a consequence of the past events and cannot be held accountable for your actions. Some may then reference quantum mechanics, as Blackburn does, and say some events “just happen” as shown in the quantum world. But this then leads to the same conclusion; whether determinism holds or it doesn’t and events just happen, you will lose freedom and responsibility.
Response to objection 1: Even though we are not able to control the past, that doesn’t mean that one can’t change the future or be held
In this paper I will present an argument against free will and then I will defend a response to that argument. Free will is defined as having the ability to make our own choices. Some will argue that all of our decisions have already been dictated by our desires therefore we never actually truly make our own choices. The purpose of this paper is to defend the argument that we have free will by attacking the premise that states we have no control over what we desire. I will defeat this premise by showing how one does have control over his/her desires through the idea of self-control. I will then defend my argument against likely rebuttals that state that there is still no way to control our desires proving that we do have free will.
An alternative problem to this theory regards God’s omnipotenence. If God is aware of our past, present and future it is then not possible for us to do anything on our own accord. Omniscience and free will are clearly incompatible. They are many resolutions to this problem; although some thinkers may believe that free will is not possible and that this is only apparent some thinkers believe that the two different states of an eternal God is a solution. Firstly, God as timeless may resolve this problem as if God is outside of time it could be interpreted that he knows what we will do but does not cause our actions as he is unchanging and outside of time. Secondly, God being everlasting may also be a solution. If God moves through time with his creation that he knows everything that is logically possible to know. God may know our actions but does not cause them. This is an important factor as one attribute of God offers
But, since intuition depends on who we are and what we are made of, things that we do not control, free will is not present and with that neither is moral responsibility (Strawson, page 17). Everything we do is based off of what we are made of in terms of our mind and rationale, and what we are made of is a product of external things that we do not control, so it must be true that everything we are, and everything we do, is not determined by our own free will. In order for us to truly have free will, it would require us to be our own creators, products of our own thoughts, which in itself is impossible due to our understanding of human procreation. By no means does this suggest that humans cannot be punished for evil actions, or that humans are being forced to do what they do, but rather that we do not have as much control over what we do in our lives like supporters of free will would believe. Free will is not present, so moral responsibility isn’t, either, for determinism proves to be the argument more worthy belief after comparison to free will. I did not make a free willed decision to title this paper, I did not even make the choice to take this class, for what I have been convinced is humorous, clever or for my own best interests in life as a whole is completely out of my control, and with that so are my
In the study of philosophy, Free will is defined as “The ability to choose, think, and act voluntarily. Many people wonder if they truly have free will to make their own choices, or is everything pre-determined for them in order to carry out their lifestyle. I’m sure we all wonder if our choices are correct or incorrect or if we are able to take control of our lives. Philosophers Hume and Holbach have concepts that seek to prove whether or not free will actually does exist and they both use their philosophical beliefs based on determinism in order to properly explore their concepts of free will. This paper will actively seek to explain both concepts and will expose what problems may arise from their philosophical theories of free will in relation
Are we free thinking creatures? One question is usually on the minds of anybody who has ever had that thought; do we have free will or is everything determined by fate? Its my personal belief that you can't have one without the other. Your fate is determined before you are ever born,but it’s your decisions and choices that ultimately decide how you read that fate. Macbeth, The Odyssey, and Oedipus are all works that show how one’s fate is reached using free will.
People believe that genuine freedom of choice is not always possible because our decisions and actions are determined by factors beyond our control. This view is known as Determinism. There is also an extreme form of determinism known as ‘hard determinism,’ in which they believe that every demeanor can be traced to a cause, although they may disagree about what those causes are. The idea of determinism poses a difficult issue to the concept of ‘free will’. Are we able to make free choices if all our thoughts and actions are predetermined by our own past and the physical laws of nature? Majority of us would like to believe that we have the freedom of will and are able to make decisions based on our own discretion but, I personally believe that the deterministic view holds true to a certain extent and that most of our actions are a result of a force that is beyond our comprehension. My purpose in this essay is to explain and critically analyze Baron d’Holbach’s view on determinism.
The arguments presented by D’Holbach and Hobart contain many of the same premises and opinions regarding the human mind, but nonetheless differ in their conclusion on whether we have free will. In this paper, I will explain how their individual interpretations of the meaning of free will resulted in having contrary arguments.
The first matter to be noted is that this view is in no way in contradiction to science. Free will is a natural phenomenon, something that emerged in nature with the emergence of human beings, with their
Among all the facts listed above, which prove that our social status is dependent on our parents’ with a 10 percent variation rate, that our genes which are inherited from our parents determine our personality and that our brain plays with our idea of past after an act is committed, to convince us that we made the decision beforehand, only this example taken from a phrase used in our daily language can be a clue to show that free will does not exist. If it existed, then it would be impossible to foresee someone’s behaviors, wouldn’t it? Though free will does not exist, whether the world is ready to learn this, is still a question to be answered. In an experiment, two groups of people, those who believe in free will and those who do not, were asked to solve a math test, and it was seen that people who do not believe in free will were more likely to cheat, saying that it was not a choice they made (Bear). Talking about free will, Saul Smilansky, a philosophy professor at the University of Haifa, said “We cannot afford for people to internalize the truth” because it will result in multitude committing crimes and not taking the blame on themselves (Bear).
Harris begins the book by stating that “free will is an illusion” (5). He explains that this is because we do not create our own wills. In this idea, our thoughts and intentions derive from our background experiences to which we have no control over, therefor we have no control of our will and cannot be held responsible.
Whether we have free will is widely controversial. The absence of a universal definition poses a primary problem to this question. In this essay, I shall base my argument on a set of three conditions for free will: 1) that the actor is unconstraint in his action, 2) the actor could have acted otherwise and 3) the actor must be ‘ultimately responsible’ (Kane, 2005: 121) for his action. After I have explained them, I shall apply these conditions to three scenarios that cover most, if not any, circumstances that occur when taking choices. The purpose of this essay is to show that if my conditions are true, none of the scenarios is based on free will and thus we do not have free will.
There are many great philosophical ideas and questions that are known and of course unknown. One of the questions that really enticed my interest was the question of whether or not we have free will. I myself was once a believer of people having free will and doing what I want was my choice and my choice alone. However, after careful consideration and lectures I have been reversed in how I believe in free will. Is there any free will though? Many people would say yes there is and of course there are some who believe that free will is a fallacy and not to be believed. Whether or not there is free will is yet to be determined but what we have to go on and by is from philosophers and every person who has their two cents to fill in. In
If all our actions are determined, then are thoughts would be too. Then the thoughts of the determinists would be determined. However, that would invalidate their claim to objective inquiry. Therefore determinism leads to a self-contradiction. Free will is not subject to that problem.
The creed of freewill, which a large degree of mankind has immemorially upheld, is entirely false, according to my view: Kembleenian Determinism. My theory offers a bright outlook on the world, which is compatible with our moral intuitions, and extends the limited perspective of our lives and the world. Human actions are as determined as the stars above, and all that we do is not within our purview, but only rather within our view. We thus have no control over our actions, leading to the conclusion that the existence of free will is false and untenable, which should be ultimately admonished. If the latter sentence is true, then I had no choice, according to my view, to write it in the manner I did. Consequently, my theory, states that our genes, cognition, and unique past determine our
In this essay I will explain why I think the strongest position of the free will debate is that of the hard determinists and clarify the objection that moral responsibility goes out the door if we don’t have free will by addressing the two big misconceptions that are associated with determinists: first that determinism is an ethical system, and secondly that contrary to common belief determinists do believe in the concept of cause and effect. I will also begin by explaining my position and why I believe that the position of the indeterminist does not hold water as an argument and the third