Immigration Has Increased Through Out The Years And President Trump

I’ve always been proud to be Mexican-American. I recognize that this aspect of myself makes me unique. I represent a rich culture with so much to offer. My family immigrated to North Carolina in the late 90’s; however, almost two decades of separation from our hearth hasn’t dulled our Mexican culture and pride. Now, more than ever, it is important for young Hispanics to embrace their roots. It is imperative for young Hispanics to send a message that being American and Hispanic isn’t mutually exclusive. Hispanics, first-generation, second-generation, or even fourth generation, have so much to offer to the United States. I embrace my Mexican heritage- my Hispanic heritage, because I want other young people to do so too. I want to lead by example and one day be able to pass the torch to a next generation of young Hispanics.

Racial inequality in the American criminal justice system has a strong effect of many realms of society such as the family life, and employment. Education and race seem to be the most decisive factors when deciding who goes to jail and what age cohort has the greatest percentage chance of incarceration. Going to prison no longer affects just the individual who committed the crime. Instead, the family and community left behind gain a new burden by one individual's actions. The United States still has a large disparity between Whites and Blacks and now a growing Hispanic population. This racial disparity in the educational

Evidence-based studies imply that youth of color are being placed in detention at a higher rate all throughout juvenile justice system not only in Kentucky but, nationwide. Disproportionate minority contact (DMC) in juvenile justice alludes to youth of color being place into the system at a greater rate than their Caucasian counterparts. All races break the law at about the same rate; however, youth of color are arrested, charged and institutionalized at a higher percentage than Caucasians for similar offenses. African-Americans made up 16 percent of all youth in the United States, but constituted 28 percent of youth arrests, 30 percent of referrals to juvenile court, 37 percent of detained youth, 34 percent of youth formally processed by juvenile court, 30 percent of youth adjudicated delinquent, 35 percent of youth judicially waived to criminal court, 38 percent of youth in residential placement, and 58 percent of youth sent to state adult prisons. (Grieshop et al 2009)

Racial inequality is growing. Our criminal laws, while facially neutral, are enforced in a manner that is massively and pervasively biased. My research will examine the U.S. criminal justice policies and how it has the most adverse effect on minorities. According to the Justice Department’s Bureau of Justice Statistics, out of a total population of 1,976,019 incarcerated in adult facilities, 1,239,946 or 63 percent are

As of December 2013, according to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the number of incarcerated males age 20-24 was 39,000 white males, 40,100 Hispanic males, and 68,400 black males (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2013). This paper will focus on why such racial disparities exist in the U.S. prison population. Research on prison sentencing can identify if there is discrimination in sentencing and imprisonment; however it is geographically limited to studying “hot spots”. Also the methodology and factors considered may be different.

In the prison system today, there has been an explosion of minorities being incarcerated for offenses that may not have gotten jail time if they had not been of a certain race. Although the overall numbers of incarcerations may have dropped just slightly for the first time in over 35 years, the amount of inmates

While African American males have been affected the most more than other demographic group within the criminal justice system, other minorities have also been unequally affected. Hispanics only account for 17% of the prison population nationally, even though they are only 12% of the total population in the United States. The statistics for these inequalities for African Americans can be identified

The term disproportionate minority contact (DMC) can be defined as the high over representation of minority children in the juvenile justice system, in correlation to their general population compared with Caucasian children. Minority populations include American Indian and Alaska Native, Asian, African American, Latino, and Pacific Islander. Issues related to DMC include unequal treatment of certain ethnic groups as compared with similarly

The first empirical study that I will be reviewing is the Orange County Juvenile Drug Court (OCJDC) located in Orange County, California between 1999 and 2006 (Fradella, Fischer, Kleinpeter, & Koob, 2009). This study consists of 232 teenagers (164 males and 68 females) with the age of these individuals ranging between 12 and 17 years (Fradella et al., 2009). In this study, researchers attempt to understand why Latino teenagers were graduating from drug treatment court (DTC) at a much lower rate than rest of the teenagers at the same institution (Fradella et al., 2009). In the Orange County Juvenile Drug Court, 97% of the offenders are Latino or Caucasian (Fradella et al., 2009). However, Latinos were graduating at a rate of

The research report A call to action on behalf of Latino and Latina youth in the U.S. justice system, focuses on the Latinos community residing in the United States and Latin America. Primarily, the research focuses on Latino/a youths in the criminal justice system. Furthermore, the research report discusses Latino communities are getting differential treatment than other racial and ethnic communities from the United States criminal justice system. The research report has many case studies and story of incidences of Latino/a youths facing racial and ethnic disparities. Some of the examples of disparate treatment of police and criminal justice system provided by the report are police stop, arrest, detention, a waiver to adult criminal court, and sentencing. The justice system has used their discretion to treat Latino youth differently than others. In this reflection paper, I will connect few important issues discussed in the report such as negative stereotyping of Latinos communities and its impact, differential treatment of the Latino community from the police and justice system with the course materials covered in the semester.

Mass incarceration has become a youth phenomenon in Black and Latino Communities. Ninety-five percent of all juveniles sent to adult court are youth of color (Rios, 2006). This disproportionate number of incarcerated youth starts with the policing, surveillance, and targeting of these groups by law enforcement. The issue that will be discussed in this paper is the high rate at which young people of color are assumed to be associated with crime and gang activity within the city of Chicago. There are several effects that drive and produce this misconstrued image of young people of color. Beginning with the discretional judgment of police officers, to the false outcries of the media, these negative views of colored youth have seemingly become ubiquitous in our society. Even when these young people are not committing crime or participating in gang activity they are wrongfully targeted by law enforcement (Skolnick, 2007). This form of policing that involves stopping or targeting an individual based primarily on rather than any individualized suspicion is racial profiling.

Due to the history of the United States, there are inherent biases within a myriad of institutions. One of these institutions which have policies which negatively affect minorities is the criminal justice system. There is an overrepresentation of African Americans and Latinos within prisons. Discrimination and prejudice have morphed throughout time to continue to keep individual without power. There are more African American adults in prison or jail, on probation or parole—than were enslaved in 1850 (Alexander. New Jim Crow.) Through the history of this country, this trend has developed to continue the disfranchisement of minorities. Legally it is acceptable to discriminate against criminals and Africans Americans and Latinos are viewed as criminals (Alexander). “Once you’re labeled a felon, the old forms of discrimination—employment discrimination, housing discrimination, denial of the right to vote, and exclusion from jury service—are suddenly legal” (Alexander). The United States prison population has quintupled in the last 30 years; now having the highest rate of incarceration in the whole world. This is mainly due to the unproportionate incarceration of minorities.

Undocumented Americans are like any other Americans, but with limited freedoms and opportunities as their other American peers. In the United States, undocumented Americans number about 2.1 million, and almost half of them are now adults (Friedman, November 10th, 2016). Many of these undocumented Americans were born in Mexico, moved to the United States and began their lives as American since they were young. This particular group of immigrant youths face uncertain futures clouded by fear and frustration due to the lack of rights, opportunities, and supports from both the general publics and the government. Many undocumented Americans do not fully realize the constraints of their status until they become young adults. Undocumented Americans’

Brennan and Spohn (2009), examined the effects of ethnicity and gender on sentencing lengths for drug offenders. It was discovered that African American males received longer sentences than those of white and Hispanic males. Female offenders of all ethnicities received shorter prison sentences than the prison sentences passed down upon male drug offenders. The study focused on data which was collected from three U.S. District Courts: the District of Minnesota, the District of Nebraska, and the Southern District of Iowa. While African American drug offenders were sentenced to longer sentences on average, only African American males were sentenced to significantly longer than any other individuals, regardless of their sex or ethnicity. Female drug offenders were also found to have received shorter sentences than male drug

Minority youth are disproportionately represented throughout juvenile justice systems in nearly every state in the nation. Disproportionate minority contact (DMC) in juvenile justice occurs when minority youth come into contact with the system at a higher rate than their white counterparts. African-Americans, Hispanics, Asians, Pacific Islanders and Native Americans comprise a combined one-third of the nation's youth population. Yet they account for over two-thirds of the youth in secure juvenile facilities (Armour & Hammond, 2009).