In Pakistan, which aspires to be a 'Islamic state ', sectarian conflict is part of, and interacts with, broader issues concerning the place of Islam in public life. There are sectarian identities which diversify each group and say who belongs to what sect , for example the believing of attending a mosque or madarasa. Islamization, or the introduction of 'Islamic ' norms and institutions through government policy or decree, is another factor which has often provoked and defined sectarian controversies in Pakistan. That Pakistan professes to be an Islamic state means that Islamic laws will be not observed in that state but enforced by it. This practice was introduced in 1979 by General Zia Ul Haq. [ Zaman , 1998] It doesn’t matter …show more content…
According to Siddiqui , blasphemy laws were requested to target minorities. Blasphemy law is a law limiting the freedom of speech and expression and are used to protect the religious beliefs of a majority group or those who control the law.
It attracted much attention in Pakistan but the misuse would only cause violence. Christians and non Sunni Muslims were being beaten by the public without any legal fines. Siddiqui states
“In a 2013 study by the Pew Research Center, Pakistan had the highest possible score on the social hostilities involving religions index, which measures acts of religious hostility by private individuals, organizations, and social groups. This includes religion-related armed conflict or terrorism, mob or sectarian violence, harassment over attire for religious reasons, and other religion-related intimidation or abuse. This index thus tries to take into account individual-level hostilities as well attacks by militant organizations.” [ Siddiqui , 2015 , Pg 6 ]
Violence motivated by sectarianism has taken many forms in and prominent representatives from each sect have been victims in tit-for-tat targeted killings. One group has launched armed attacks against another group’s schools and homes and funerals and religious processions have been bombed, as well have neighborhoods that have demographically dominated that area.
History of terrorism in Pakistan goes back to the time of Russian capture of Afghanistan. Pakistani powers have long had binds to residential aggressor amasses that help propel the nation 's center outside strategy engages. India and Afghanistan have blamed Pakistan 's security and discernment administrations for playing a "twofold amusement".
Many non-Muslims believe the cause of the Shi’ite and Sunni violence originated from their religious differences. However the differences in tradition, education, law, and religious practices are a small factor in this escalating problem. The core of their faith is practically identical. Both factions believe that Muhammad, their prophet, was the messenger of Allah. They also believe that all Muslims must abide by Muhammad’s teachings as outlined in their
In the 1990s, the idea to first introduce sharia law in Canadian society was presented. Sharia law is the rules outlined
A more recent conflicts have occurred after 9/11. Mosques have been vandalized, bombed and burned; and Muslim and Americans having the perceived appearance of “Middle Eastern” continue to be attacked and harassed. And when critics condemned the proposal of a mosque at “Ground Zero.” “A national controversy erupted when New York Muslims announced the “Cordoba
Within a society that is places a great deal of importance on the pursuit for truth, there must be discourse on the controversial Maclean’s articles regarding the prominence of Islam in the West – rather than leaving it as a one-sided argument. It is very easy for those opposing Islam, or for argument sake, anything that contrasts the Western majority’s views or background, to disguise their hate speech under the guise of free speech, and one can see that is the case for Mark Steyn’s arguments. Not only is Mr. Steyn using selective quotations and certain ‘facts’ as a means of defending his position on the suggested Islamic takeover of the West, but he is also contributing to rhetoric that can be taken by readers that already have a biased and negative outlook on Islam as a vehicle to further their distaste in the religious practice. Painting a religion of over a billion followers with the same brush is not only extremely detrimental to society, but to only showcase Mark Steyn’s opinions as well as the many articles that posit an unfavourable view of Islam which were highlighted in Maclean’s is harmful for a society such as Canada and in no way contributes to achieving truth. In order to grow and develop as a democratic society, the values of the majority should not overpower those of the minority and the government should have intervened on the basis that the rhetoric could be interpreted in a manner that can lead to the hate of a group by those who already hold a negative
These are the major changes being instilled upon the Islamic community by is youth as a way to incorporate their unique lives as individuals torn between these two diverse societies, taking the first steps into the melting pot of cultures we call America.
The Sunni and Shia conflict is currently the longest running feud in the world. Both groups possess an extreme hatred for one another. Over the years, these two groups have openly expressed their hatred with one another through violent killings. This split between the Shia and Sunni originates all the way back in the 7th century. Their difference was based on political differences. As a part of my essay I will explain the difference and origins of the split between the Shi’a and Sunni and also cover the current issues between them.
One reason that religion becomes a source of political violence is the hostility some have to changing times. Some believe that modernization has led the world down an evil path away from religion. Another reason political violence is linked to religion is that there is a belief that modern states try to suppress believers. Radicals even think that others wish to exterminate believers. They don’t see violence as violence against civilians, but instead violence of good versus evil. The third reason religion can be linked to political violence is that some groups hold extreme messianic, apocalyptic, and utopian beliefs. Violence is an important ritual for some extreme religious groups. Currently ISIS is a prime example of political violence linked to religion. ISIS wants to enforce their views of conservative Islamic traditions. The leaders of ISIS are referred to as caliphs, which are seen as political successors to Muhammad (“Islamic State.” 2014). Some individuals that carry out terrorist attacks in the name of certain religious terrorist groups like ISIS, see violence as a way to add meaning to their live and achieve religious goals. This type of violence would be individually explained, because it is personal factors that lead them to carry out the
Islam is a monotheistic religion, centered around the teachings of the Qu’ran and serving Allah (meaning God in Arabic). However, this Abrahamic religion has been harshly discriminated against in the United States for years. Most prominently throughout the last twelve years, post September 11th, 2001. Unfortunately, issues such as socialization through the media, power distribution, religious ignorance, stereotyping and visible differences have contributed to the ill attitudes towards Muslims. This paper will examine how Americans have been socialized in islamophobia within the United States.
The on-going Sunni and Shiite split has influenced not only the Middle East where it originated but also impacted the rest of the world. The divide between the the Sunni and Shiite which has existed for centuries is one of the most prevalent aspects of Islam. Members of the two sects have co-existed for centuries and share many fundamental beliefs and practices. However, they differ in doctrine, ritual, law, and religious organization. Their leaders also often seem to be at odds; from Lebanon and Syria to Iraq and Pakistan, many recent conflicts have emphasized the sectarian divide which began with the death of Muhammad.
The ideology of Pakistan was two-nation theory, according to which, Muslims and Hindus are two distinct nations from every aspect of their lives. One of the core reasons of the separation of the Subcontinent was that, post colonial Indian state failed to offer reasonable options to its Muslims minority to sustain in India. Therefore, the problem of minority rights was the cutting edge of all the political debates revolving around the formation of Pakistan.
Political violence is the leading cause of wars today. Personal agendas have led to many of the political objectives that cause violence today this has caused many problems throughout the world and will continue to do so until a solution to this issue is found. Political objectives have been advanced involuntarily dependent upon the kind of government a nation exercises. For instance, in a democratic nation political groups must worry about convincing the majority in order to advance ethically. Those who try to influence the majority through acts of violence are considered today as “terror” organizations. Though perhaps if it were not because of the recent 9/11 terror attacks that maybe such warrants would not be seen as terror attacks,
Since many religions have started in the Middle East, it has become the center for erupting conflicts. For instance, the Palestinian-Israeli conflict has been in the news for many reasons. Both groups want control of the God given land that they both claim is theirs, according to God, and what had happened in the past. The result of the conflict is religious terrorism (PBS, 1). Continuing, some Middle Eastern politics have been in conflict, even dividing communities of the
How does the presence of three different sectarian groups (Christian, Sunni, Shiite) affect the political, economic, and social stability of a nation is an interdisciplinary research question because it seeks to understand the relationship between the economics and its key insights while examining the political environment can led to conflict and how that conflict was exacerbated by the involvement of many different cultural sects. Analyzing the case of Lebanon requires an interdisciplinary approach for several reasons. First, the problem is complex, meaning that there are several components and each components has a different disciplinary character. Second, important insights into the problem have been produced by expects from multiple disciplines. Third, no single disciplinary approach has been able to address this problem comprehensively. Fourth, the case of Lebanon falls within the research domains of several disciplines. By establishing these links across disciplinary knowledge domains requires creating common ground and performing integration, which is a distinct feature of interdisciplinarity. The scope of this study will focus on the nation of Lebanon with the events unraveling sense the early 1970 's until today. The composition of the Lebanese society allows us to examine how the presence of Christian, Sunni, and Shiite camps can lead to social instability with war being the most extreme manifestation of civil strife. Instability in a nations political
So is this a persuasive analysis? Certainly, sectarianism has played a significant role in the domestic political history of both nations. In Syria, as Horowitz explains “ethnic politics is defined in confessional terms” (Horowitz, 2001, p.492) with the Ba’athist coup of 1963 being followed by purges of Sunnis from the military and civil services until by 1969 “the Alawi were left