Before European explorers found their way to the Americas the countries were populated by indigenous people native to the landscapes. Each indigenous tribe had their own traditions, language and hierarchy. It is difficult to discern the exact population numbers of indigenous people before their exposure to Europeans in 1492; however, scholars estimate their numbers at roughly 37 million. By 1650, their population had dwindled to an estimated 9 million individuals, a decrease of 90%. In North America there are currently 562 federally recognized tribes. Joe “Indian Joe” Lightfoot Gonzales, also known as Narisco Allalha, is a descendent of one of the remaining Native American tribes, the Choctaw.
The Choctaw people were a matriarchal agrarian community that lived in the Southeastern portion of the United States, primarily in Mississippi and sections of Alabama. Tribal legends claim that the Choctaw people originated from "Nanih Waya", a sacred hill near Noxapter, Mississippi. The Choctaw desired a peaceful relationship with the European explorers, traders and homesteaders that began to enrich on their land and adopted several practices that endeared them to the new arrivals like centralized governments, literacy, market participation and written governmental documents. Their adoption of these various aspects of the colonists’ culture earned them the dubious distinction of being termed one of the “Five Civilized Tribes.” The Five Civilized Tribes consisted of the
The Choctaw Indians were an important tribe, and the largest of the Muskogean tribes. The Choctaws have two stories about their origins in their traditional homeland in central Mississippi. One is that their ancestors came from west of the Mississippi River and settled in what is now the homeland. The other is that the tribe is descended from ancestors who were formed by a spirit from the damp earth of Nanih Waiyah, a large mound in northeastern Mississippi. Either way, the Choctaws resided in places, holding most of Southern Alabama and Mississippi with adjoining parts of Louisiana.
The Cherokee Nation was the largest of Five Civilized Tribes of the southeast. They are a people of Iroquois descent. The
The Nation of Choctaw The Choctaws, Mississippi’s largest Indian group, traces its ancestry in the American Southeast to about 1,800 years ago. They migrated from Western-America and Mexico, eventually settling in the Mississippi River Valley Area. They were a great help to the United States Army by becoming the first Native American code talkers. They were forced to move to Oklahoma in the 1800s along the Trail of Tears. They brought with them traditions, belief, and way of life.
The Cherokee, another of the Five Civilized Tribes, was regarded this way because they lived in similar ways to Americans. The
Before the arrival of Europeans in 1492, many tribes had grown and flourished in the Americas. Most tribes had their own organized governments and religions, but some tribes occupied entire regions, such as the Pueblo tribes of the Southwest or the Mississippi River Valley tribes, and were different from the numerous nomadic tribes. They had extensive trade systems, sophisticated farming systems that resulted in a ready supply of food, and thousands of citizens. The two groups had a lot in common, but they also had several differences that distinguished them. The Pueblo tribes had a more developed sense of unity than the Mississippi River tribes, and this unity gave them an advantage that the Mississippi
Comparing the two populations at 1800, it is shown that Native American numbers have sharply declined while European numbers have exploded since the landing of Columbus. Still to this day, Native Americans represent a very small percentage of the diversity in America.
The Choctaw Indians were an important tribe, and the largest of the Muskogean tribes. The Choctaws have two stories about their origins in their traditional homeland in central Mississippi. One is that their ancestors came from west of the Mississippi River and settled in what is now the homeland. The other is that the tribe is descended from ancestors who were formed by a spirit from the damp earth of Nanih Waiyah, a large mound in northeastern Mississippi. Either way, the Choctaws resided in places, holding most of Southern Alabama and Mississippi with adjoining parts of Louisiana.
European Americans have commonly failed to recognize the plurality of American Indian groups, as they have classified all Indians as being in the same group of “natural beings” that wear feathers and ride on horses. However, there are many different American Indian groups and communities, and some groups had further divisions, such as the Lakota. The Lakota were made of seven tribes, the Oglalas, Brulés, Minneconjous, Hunkpapas, Two Kettles, Sihasapas, and Sans Arcs (7). Out of these, the Oglalas and the Brulés got the most attention, as they spent the most time in the Black Hills out of the tribes; however, the other tribes were definitely affected by United States policy too as the Europeans set up forts all over their territory (13).
Native Americans were the first people to live in America before any other man came. It is believed that the Native Americans came from Asia way back during the Ice Age through a land bridge of the Bering Strait. When the Europeans first set foot on America, there were about 10 million Native Americans living in America, North of Mexico (“American”). Native Americans had all separated and made their own tribes. Some of the many Native American tribes that still exist are those of the Iroquoian tribes, consisting of five, now six,
16.) Ultimately, the Indians inhabiting North America were pushed to near extinction by the late 1600s. Their population was reduced to fewer than 1,000,000 as opposed to the 10,000,000 strong before the arrival of Columbus.
The Choctaw were the first tribe to be encouraged to located to Indian Territory after the 1820 Treaty of Doak’s Stand. The Choctaw that did decide to move to Indian Territory peacefully found that many white settlers were living on the land that was promised to them. The Choctaw Boundary Treaty helped to get rid of the white settlers and establish a boundary in what is now Oklahoma. The Choctaw that stayed behind in the Mississippi area were starting to realize that removal was the only way to survive, due to the State laws and government favoring the whites. In 1830 The Choctaw gave away all of their land and made their way to Indian Territory. On November 1st 1831, the Choctaw started their journey. Roads became rough due to heavy
There were a large amount of Native Americans before the arrival of Europeans. Before reading 1491 by Charles C. Mann, I believed that there were only a small amount of people in the Americas. According to Henry F. Dobyns, the “Western Hemisphere held 90 to 112 million people”, which was more than the amount of people living in Europe.
Location is a big aspect in relating territory to social. If a tribe is located near a river, they will be more social and political than a tribe surrounded by flat land. The rivers are how some people travel in this time period. It’s also an excellent way to transport and trading goods. The chapter called, “The five republics” displays map of the Indian Territory before the start of the civil war (Baird 92). The Cherokee tribe resides in the northern part of current state of Oklahoma. Creek nation is just below the Cherokee nation. On the left of Creek nation is the home of the
The nations of Choctaw, Muskogee, Cherokee, Chickasaw, and Seminole among others were forcefully or coercively removed from their native land. By the fall of 1831, the nations of Choctaw become the first tribe to bear the blunt of the removal and thus becoming the model of ensuing removals . These tribes are in some cases referred jointly as Five Civilized Tribes. En-route to their designated land across the Mississippi river, they suffered from starvation, exposure, and
The Choctaw are the native American people originally from the modern day Mississippi, the Choctaw are descendants of the people of the Hopewell and Mississippi cultures, who lived throughout the east of the Mississippi river valley and its tributaries. About 1,700 years ago. The Choctaw coalesced as a people in the 17th Century., and developed three distinct political and geographical divisions eastern, western and southern . During the American revolution, most Choctaw supported the thirteen colonies bid for independence from the British crown. They never went to war against the untied sates prior to Indian removal. The Choctaw became known as the one of the five civilized tribes in the 19th century because they adopted numerous practices