Individual Cognitive Stimulation Therapy Paper

Lawrence, J., (2015) Potential dementia treatment target identified using stem cell research. The Pharmaceutical Journal. 2/1/2015. Retrieved 13/5/2015 from

Goldfried, M.R., Burckell, L.A., & Eubanks-Carter, C. (2003). Therapist self-disclosure in cognitive-behavior therapy. Journal of Clinical Psychology, Special Issue: In Session, 59(5), 555-568.

Patients with dementia are highly subject to psychosocial interventions. Thus, frank will tend to rely on his two children (Thomas and Jenny) and staff at the residential home for support and protection. Psychosocial model of care involves psychological therapy, which can be delivered on a one-to-one/group basis to meet important psychological needs as well as have impact on physiological level (Bartle and Frankland, 2008). These psychological therapies include Cognitive stimulation therapy (C.S.T), Reminiscence and Animal

Cognitive stimulation can help to slow the decline of dementia in the early stages. Stimulation helps to keep the processes of the brain functioning.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is a very general form of theory with similarities with other therapies. Cognitive Behavioral therapy has several approaches including the rational emotive behavioral therapy, cognitive therapy, rational behavior therapy, dialectic behavioral therapy and rational living therapy. Some of the characteristics of the cognitive behavioral therapy will be discussed here. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is used in many Alcohol Rehab Treatment Programs. CBT is based on cognitive model of the Emotional Response:

Cognitive therapy, now called cognitive behavioral therapy was developed by Aaron Beck. Beck believed that dysfunctional thought processes and beliefs are responsible for an individual’s behaviors and feelings. He also believed that individuals’ have the ability identify these distorted thoughts and change them to more realistic thinking in order to relieve their psychological discomfort. This type of therapy is designed to be a short-term, straight-forward and structured approach to counseling in which counselors and clients work together. I strongly identify with cognitive behavioral therapy because I believe all behaviors are a result of incorrect thoughts and beliefs. Irrational and negative thinking can influence an individual’s ability to cope and deal with any difficulties they may be experiencing. I also like cognitive behavioral therapy because it briefly includes a client’s historical background in its approach to counseling. I feel that counselors should include a client’s past experiences when trying to understand at what point the client’s incorrect assumptions developed. I believe that everybody in this world always has a choice on how they handle and behave in their given situation and circumstances. In cognitive behavioral therapy, once the counselor and client have identified the irrational thoughts and evaluated whether there is any evidence to its validity, the client has the ability to choose whether or not they desire to change their distorted ways of

These plaques and tangles eventually kill the neuron all together and the person starts to experience more severe deficits in memory and cognition. Movement and other cognitive processes that are ingrained throughout life, tend to be the last abilities to change. A person with Alzheimer’s disease, in the context of short interactions may appear that they are more able than they actually are because they display abilities such as walking, using the restroom, or carrying on short conversations. Other biological considerations are the ties to genetics, especially with early onset Alzheimer’s diagnosis, as well as people with Down syndrome that live into middle age. There is some focus on researching chromosome 21, however, ties to Alzheimer’s have also been indicated in chromosomes 1 and 14.

For this assignment, I was very curious to more about the cognitive behavior therapy (cognitive behavior therapy). The video that we will be referring has Dr. Donald Meichenbaum as the therapist and Beverly who is the client and has anxiety. Before Dr. Meichenbaum started the session with Beverly, Dr. Diane and Carlson introduced Dr. Meichenbaum on the show and discussed about cognitive behavior therapy. Dr. Diane describes cognitive behavior therapy that has an empirically based approach. This approach underlies on the idea that there is a relation between our behavior, thoughts, and perception. Furthermore, Carlson adds that there are lot of different approaches within the cognitive behavior therapy, and all of them have one thing in common. The general principle in all of them is that they all focus on goals, functioning in one’s day to day life, and where will they lead in future (cite).

From what I have read, there are a few researchers that have found cognitive-behavioral therapy to be effective in treating these offenders and reducing their likelihood of reoffending (Moster, Wnuk, & Jeglic, 2008), (Lipsey, Landenberger, & Wilson, 2007), & (Schaffer, Jeglic, Moster, & Wnuk, 2010). All of these researchers agree that the primary and most common method used to treat these offenders is cognitive-behavioral therapy. Moster, Wnuk, and Jeglic (2008) disclose that their findings suggest that cognitive-behavioral therapy is used to treat all offenders including sex offenders, and produces very modest effects. In the study they analyzed they not that there are differences in the recidivism rates for those who complete treatment and those who do not, with those who do not complete treatment having higher rates of recidivism, overall. Therefore, implying that though the effects are modest they exist, and are likely the reason that

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a disease that slowly and progressively causes memory impairment. It will eventually inhibit abilities, such as language, planning, and perception. AD is prevalent in individuals with Down syndrome (DS), a condition where those affected had acquired three additional chromosome 21 before birth (emedicinehealth, 2014). Michael Rafii, director of the Memory Disorders Clinic at UCSD, says that “people with Down syndrome represent the world 's largest population of individuals predisposed to getting Alzheimer 's disease” (Hamilton, 2014). There is no cure for either, and scientists are still lacking the knowledge of a complete story.

In it's simplest form, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, (or CBT as it will be referred to from here on out), refers to the approach of changing dysfunctional behaviors and thoughts to realistic and healthy ones. CBT encompasses several types of therapy focusing on the impact of an individual's thinking as it relates to expressed behaviors. Such models include rational emotive therapy (RET), rational emotive behavioral therapy (REBT), behavior therapy (BT), Rational Behavior Therapy (RBT), Schema Focused Therapy, Cognitive therapy (CT). Most recently a few other variations have been linked to CBT such as acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), dialectic behavioral therapy (DBT), and

Down Syndrome (DS) is a genetic and developmental disorder that arises due to a certain biological defect during the fusion of gametes to produce a new organism. The occurrence of his biological defects leads to an extra partial or full copy of chromosome 21 in every cell in the individual’s body. In other words, there are more copies of chromosome 21 in every cells in that person’s body instead of the normal pairs. According to the article, more copies of chromosome 21 makes the genes in the body to be unbalanced. Therefore, it causes an individual to have some delays and limitations in both physical and intellectual developments. Alzheimer Disease (AD) is a very rapid and progressive

Early-onset Alzheimer’s disease is more common in adults with Down syndrome than in the general population (2). By the age of 40, almost 100% of patients who suffer from Down syndrome have the likelihood in the brain associated with Alzheimer’s disease (dementia) (1). Amyloid precursor protein (APP), which produces toxic amyloid protein (beta-amyloid (3)) and which forms plaques in the brain and likely harms the brain cells and their connections, is coded for chromosome 21 (1). Due to the fact that people with Down syndrome have an extra copy of chromosome 21, they produce 1.5 times as much APP as other people (1). In effect for this extra production, it seems to result in an excess tendency for the abnormal amyloid breakdown product to build up (1). This increasing of APP causes earlier appearance of the brain changes typical of Alzheimer’s disease. The risk increases with age, however, Alzheimer’s disease is not inevitable in people with Down syndrome (2). Moreover, some social problems occur due to hearing

Cognitive behavioural therapy has been proven to be effective in the treatment of child and adolescent depression (Lewinsohn & Clarke, 1999; Harrington et al, 1998, March et al, 2004). There is general agreement in the clinical literature that the techniques of cognitive behavioural approaches to therapy are likely to be effective in treating depression (Brewin, 1996; Beech, 2000).