Intestinal Atresia

Following the CT scan findings, nasogastric (NG) tube feeding was stopped immediately and general surgery team was consult. On the same day, Mr. S underwent a right hemicolectomy with end-ileostomy for ischemic bowel. The intra-operative findings include dilated right colon and transverse colon, a foot long necrotic terminal ileum, and necrotic right colon up to close to the hepatic. Brooke ileostomy was perfomed. The stoma located at right lower quadrant (RLQ) of the

During the small bowel series, the radiologist was not able to determine the exact area of obstruction. The study was terminated after two hours and the patient was returned to her room. Following the small bowel series, the patient complained of abdominal pain and cramping. The patient’s tube was leaking bowel from the side of the tube and onto her abdomen. It was also noted that her parenteral nutrition was not adequate (LWR radiology, 2015).

For very severe cases where people are having organ failure or inflammation of the abdominal wall surgery may be necessary.

The paper attempts to find any correlation/connections between Hirschsprung Disease and Congenital heart disease. This was done by identifying children with Hirschsprung disease, which is a disease that causes the colon of the affected person to infllamme. Hirschsprung is Congenital,present at birth, and becomes an issues as the child mature, since passage of stool becomes difficult. This issue can be corrected but issues can arise when dealing with other diseases such as congenital heart disease. Some patients cases seem to imply that in attempting to solve the issues the patient is then affected long term. The study took place in a pediatric surgery center, in which 53 out of 61 children were chosen to take place of the study. All of these

An abdominal x-ray of a child is usually the first course of action when determining if the child has intussusception. On a typical x-ray of the abdomen with intussusception, you will see an elongated tissue mass and a bowel obstruction proximal to it. This obstruction is usually found in the right upper quadrant. When performing an x-ray on a pediatric patient you must lower the technique. To obtain quality images, having a low exposure time and a higher mA will help. Another tool to help through this procedure is having the parent in the room with the child. This helps calm the child and keep them relaxed through-out the

Intestinal pseudo obstruction is a rare and incurable disease that is a blockage or obstruction of the intestines. There are two forms of intestinal pseudo obstruction, acute intestinal pseudo obstruction and chronic intestinal pseudo obstruction. Acute intestinal pseudo obstruction is a less aggressive degree of intestinal pseudo obstruction with milder symptoms that come and go. Acute intestinal pseudo obstruction is also easier to manage with treatment. Chronic intestinal pseudo obstruction is a very aggressive form of intestinal pseudo obstruction. Chronic intestinal pseudo obstruction is more difficult to manage even while undergoing treatment(s) and surgery(s). As a result, intestinal pseudo obstruction is a highly complicated disease

In addition, when the anorectum has not been in the right position during fetal development, defective sensation in the anal canal can be predicted as sensory connections to the CNS cannot be expected to be intact. Fecal continence will also be influenced by the fact that the voluntary striated muscles, represented by the levator muscle, muscle complex and external sphincter, are commonly underdeveloped and cannot function normally. All these congenital problems in ARM patients contribute to their incontinence, especially early in life. A concomitant neurospinal dysraphism will exacerbate dysfunction of the pelvic floor. (Borg, 2013)

Next, the omentum and transverse colon are “retracted cranially” which will expose the ligament of Treitz and the small bowel and mesentery are then stapled and divided at the jejunum of the stomach (Ayloo, 2014). The Roux limb of 150 cm is then bypassed into the stomach. Next, the jejunojejunal anastomosis is completed with the common enterotomy being hand-sewn in a bilayer method (Ayloo, 2014). After this, the mesenteric defect is closed to prevent the formation of internal hernias and the Roux limb is brought out “anticolic and antigastric” (Ayloo, 2014). Next the gastrojejunal anastomosis located between the pouch and the Roux limb is performed in a double-layered method. Gastrotomy and Enterotomy are performed once again. Then, the orogastric tube is placed through the anastomosis and the anterior layer is closed in a double-layered method by suture. The anastomosis is then tested for any air leakage by submerging it with fluid by irrigation and “inflating the orogastric tube with

A 61 year old female was at Christus Spohn South Hospital to have a small bowel series done on September 15, 2016. She had prior radiographs from September 14, 2016, September 13, 2016 and September 12, 2016. She also had a CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis from September 8, 2016 and had a recent surgery on her abdomen. Radiographs of her abdomen showed staples and surgical clips along her midline in the epigastric region of her stomach. She was being evaluated for a possible bowel obstruction in the ileus.

Richard,  it is true that most hand outs are intended to be short and concise, but if relevant information is left out then it does not serve any good purpose for the patient. I just took care of a young patient the other day who had to have surgery for bowel obstruction.  She had been on pain pills  for a while and so the doctors were thinking that was what led to the obstruction. I mentioned your story sounded so familiar because she was told pain medication can lead to constipation, but she had on idea constipation can lead to bowel obstruction that required surgery. In talking to her she told she had been doing everything that she was instructed to do, but then upon further questioning her I realized she had not been drinking enough water.

Occurring once in approximately 5000 live births, Hirschsprung disease is a congenital abnormality characterized by the absence of autonomic parasympathetic ganglion cells in the colon preventing peristalsis and resulting in intestinal obstruction and abdominal distension. Also known as congenital aganglionic megacolon, this medical malady is an unfortunate anomaly of a very vulnerable population – infants and children. Hirschsprung disease can occur in otherwise healthy babies, but is commonly diagnosed in combination with Down’s syndrome and congenital heart defects. Functional outcomes, thanks to contemporary medical advances, are generally successful. As medical professionals, nurses play a significant role in helping patients achieve therapeutic goals. Therapeutic goals also include a level of psychological wellness in living with persistent bowel dysfunction after Hirschsprung surgery but few, if any, studies have addressed this likelihood.

As shown in Table 3, factors related to intestinal parasitism included parental education level, place of residence, gender and other risk factors. The prevalence of intestinal parasitism in individuals living in the dormitory was higher than a personal house that this difference was significant (OR = 1.6; 95% CI: 1.8; 2.6, p=0.01). The prevalence of intestinal infections in individuals with a father elementary level was higher than their father higher educational level and it was statically significant (OR = 0.5; 95% CI: 0.3; 1.1, p=0.02). Also, the rate of intestinal infections in males was higher than females that are significant (OR = 1.5; 95% CI: 1.1; 2.1, p=0.01).

There are four suggested etiological groups for GI malrotation: (i) abnormal L-R patterning, (ii) dorsal mesentery (FOXF1) anomalies, (iii) irregularities of the intestine itself and (iv) abnormalities of other abdominal contents. Irregularities of the intestine itself include atresias (closed or missing orifices/passages) and congenital short bowel. The fourth category, has been postulated on the basis of incorrectly placed intestines and/ or abdominal organs within the abdominal cavity during organogenesis, which subsequently lead to GI malrotation.

NEC should be considered as the cause for deterioration after any neonatal surgery and was first documented in 1976 following cardiac surgery (5). Recent literature, however, documents the leading surgical cause to be neurosurgery (2). Multiple factors may be at play including bowel ischemia during surgery due to its manipulation, enteral feeding toxicity and infection or sepsis (2). The typical clinical picture of NEC is not a reliable diagnostic indicator in a post-operative patient since abdominal distension, bile stained gastric content and diarrhea can occur due to operative stress (6). The most reliable confirmatory signs, therefore, are intestinal ileus, pneumatosis intestinalis, and portal vein gas seen using radiographic imaging (7).

However, even though the signs and symptoms were found in the 17th century, the clinical picture and pathology were not accurately described until 1887 by the Danish pediatrician, Hirschsprung (Singh and Bechtel, 2015). Before 1912 the cure for infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis was: gastroenterostomy, pyloroplasty, and forcible dilatation via gastrostomy. A surgeon, Ramstedt, followed a pyloroplasty case and observed where sutures used in reapproximating the seromuscular layer had disrupted. After learning from this mistake, he commenced leaving the split muscle layer unsutured in all subsequent repairs. To this very day, the Ramstedt pyloromyotomy remains the standard procedure (Singh and Bechtel,