How The Concentration Of Reactants Affect The Rate Of Reaction

Changes in the rate of reaction can be described in terms of chemical equilibrium. “Chemical equilibrium is a state in which the forward and reverse reactions take place at the same rate” (Wilbraham et al, 2002). The

unit of time or the amount of a product produced per unit of time. A

Introduction: The rate of a reaction is the speed at which a chemical reaction happens. If a reaction has a low rate, that means the molecules combine at a slower speed than a reaction with a high rate. Some reactions take hundreds, maybe even thousands, of years while others can happen in less than one second. (Chem for Kids, 2016). Reactions require collisions between reactant molecules or atoms. The formation of bonds requires atoms to come close to one another. New bonds can form only if the atoms are close enough together to share electron. Higher temperatures make the collisions between molecules more violent. The higher temperatures mean higher velocities. This means there will be less time between collisions. The frequency of collisions will increase. (Chem, 1999) H2O2 is the chemical formula for hydrogen peroxide. The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide will break down into oxygen and water.

An essential element of chemistry is finding reaction rates. This is because chemists need to know how long a reaction should take. In addition to needing to know the rate of a reaction at any point in time to monitor how the reaction is proceeding.

In this experiment we tested the effects that enzymes and substrate have on chemical reaction rates, which is the rate at which chemical reactions occur.. This experiment tested how different concentrations of enzyme and substrate affected the light absorption measurements on a spectrophotometer. The experiment also tested how temperature affected the light absorption, and in a separate test, the effect of the enzyme inhibitor hydroxylamine was also tested. In the first test conducted, 3 different concentrations of enzyme, and three different concentrations of substrate were measured in a spectrophotometer. For the enzyme and the substrate, the measurements got higher as the concentrations were higher, but the over measurements of the substrate were smaller than those of the enzyme. In the second test conducted, the medium concentration enzyme was tested under the temperatures; 4°C, 23°C, 37°C, and 60°C. The measurements in this test got higher as the temperature got higher, but did the measurements under 4°C were overall significantly higher than the other temperature measurements. Lastly, the last test conducted showed that the measurements of the substance with 0 and 1 drop of hydroxylamine inhibitor went up, but the measurements of the enzyme with 5 drops of hydroxylamine inhibitor stayed rather low and did not change much. In conclusion, these experiments showed that chemical reaction rates are sped up with higher concentrations of enzyme, substrate,

Therefore, the experimental rate law processes some degree of accuracy. Rate laws are used to define the rate of reaction

Enzymes are a protein that replicates a catalyst which helps chemical reactions begin to move without the enzymes being changed in the process. Enzymes work to complete only one task. But there are a variety of different enzymes in the body that each one has their specific task to complete. Something that enzymes do is they are used in making foods, used for digestion. Many of the chemical reactions in the body have a bunch of energy in them when they happen, which means it can occur in a faster amount of time. Enzymes speed up a reaction by lowering the activation energy. An inhibitor makes the reaction slow down. In this experiment we are testing how three factors affect a chemical reaction. We will be representing different objects or materials as the enzyme. We will use three objects or body part: a taped hand, a hand with a tennis ball in it, and a rendered hand. The importance of this experiment is to see how three different elements affect the chemical rate of a chemical reaction.

Marble, or calcium carbonate, is a fairly insoluble compound with the chemical formula CaCO3. This compound has a carbonate ion, which has a charge of -2 and a calcium ion, which has a charge of +2. Calcium carbonate has a few forms including chalk and limestone. The main use of these two materials is in the making of concrete, which is used for many things including buildings. The rate of the reaction is the speed that the reaction takes place; therefore, by measuring the rate, the amount of time the reaction takes will be measured. Hydrochloric acid is a stronger acid that is found in digestive juices in the human stomach and is also used for cleaning metals before they are coated. When you mix a strong acid like HCl with any carbonate you will have a chemical reaction in which CO2 gas is released. This means that it will fizz indicating a chemical reaction. These two elements can react with hydrochloric acid to yield carbon dioxide, calcium chloride and water. The chemical reaction equation for hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate is:

A rate is a measure of change that occurs in a given time whilst a

Introduction The reaction rates provide important information concerning the factors that control the speed of a chemical reaction or the steps that occur in complex mechanisms of a chemical reaction in a study called chemical kinetics. The most common factors that affect the reaction rate are concentration, temperature and actions of catalyst. The rate of reaction is ( Rate=k[A]n[B]m) which is written in rate law expression. Reaction rates may be determined by following the appearance of disappearance of chemical substance or the change in a characteristic property.

Reaction order and rate laws are key to understanding the speed in which a reaction occurs and the necessary amounts of each reactant in a reaction. Reaction order determines the concentration of each reactant and can be used to calculate the amount of a substance in a reaction. The zeroth, first, and second orders are the most common and were used in this lab. The order of a reaction can be found by comparing the quantity of a specific substance and the rate in which the reaction occurred. Rate laws contribute to the speed of differing reactions. This is a necessary principle in many fields. For example, it is necessary to know the speed of a reaction that goes on during the inflation of an airbag. Without knowing the rate law the speed could

This is rate of which the reactant is used up or even the time measured for a product to form.

The rate of a reaction is how fast the reaction takes (3). The top five things that affect it are: temperature, surface area,

Kinetics of chemical reactions is how fast a reaction occurs and determining how the presence of reactants affects reaction rates. In this experiment the rate of reaction for Fe+3 and I- is determined. Because the rate of chemical reactions relates directly to concentration of reactants, the rate law is used to find the rate constant, and calculated with specified temperatures.

Rate of reaction is a way of determining the speed at which a reaction proceeds. It can be calculated by measuring the appearance of a product or the disappearance of a reactant over time. Reactions occur when the particles of the reactants collide successfully. The more successful collisions between particles, the faster the reaction rate. There are factors that affect collision theory and consequently the rate of reaction. High concentration of reactants results in more particles and a higher likelihood of successful collisions. Higher temperature of the reaction also increases the rate of reaction because the energy of the particles is higher which again increases the chances of successful collisions. (Lawrie RYAN, 2000). On completion of this experiment, the reaction orders can be