Isopropanol And Ethanol Experiment

Switching from the expensive oil to alternative fuels has moved from a dream to reality. Today, there are dozens of alternatives to oil that are currently available us to be used. One alternative to oil that is being used more today is ethanol. Derived from plant materials, ethanol can be a cheaper, cleaner alternative to the gasoline that our vehicles run off. When going to gas pumps, one will notice that much of the gasoline is up to 10 percent of ethanol. According to our text, most ethanol in the U.S. is made from corn, yet ethanol can be made from any biomes-- including garbage. (Turk & Bensel, 2011)

Different alcohols (methanol, ethanol, and 1-propanol) will all be used within their respective spirit burners.

In this experiment you will determine the molar heat of combustion of methanol, ethanol, 1propanol, 1butanol; and 1pentanol.

This experiment was aimed to discover which fuel out of ethanol, octanol-1 ad 2-pentanol would be the most suitable to take on a camping trip. This was completed by filling a spirit lamp with one of the three selected fuels and then lighted to heat the water 150C from the initial temperature, after this the spirit lamp was measured before and after; the data that was collected was then used to calculate release of combustion and enthalpy. It was discover that octanol-1 would be the best option out of ethanol, octanol-1 and 2-pentanol to take on a camping trip. This was due to its heat of combustion being higher due to it containing more carbons than the other two fuels. By having more carbons it had a greater heat of combustion which caused

An Investigation into the Enthalpies of the Combustion of Alcohols = == == == ==

A large part of the alternative fuels boom has been a part of civilization for thousands of years: ethanol. The same substance that makes alcoholic beverages intoxicating is also a useful fuel. Ethanol’s potential as a motor fuel has been known since the first internal combustion engines were made; The Ford Model T was able to run on gasoline, ethanol or any mix of the two (Bettelheim 802).

These factors would lead to biobutanol being considerably more efficient economically. In addition to that, compared to gasoline or other motor fuel, (methanol, ethanol etc.) biobutanol has an increased energy content and burning efficiency, which is advantageous as it can be useful for longer travels, which would be beneficial economically speaking (Liu, Wang and Zhang, 2013). According to Table 1 below from “The Promising Biofuel” report, Butanol has few properties that give it an advantage over gasoline. The octane number for butanol is higher than the octane number of gasoline. The octane number of the fuel determines whether the fuel in the car is detonating instead of running smoothly and having a high octane number is advantageous in the long run as there is significantly a lot less energy wastage and the engine of the car will also last a lot longer as less damage is sustained (Stevens, 2008). Butanol also has a much lower saturation pressure, meaning that butanol is likely to have a significantly lower volatility. This is beneficial as gasoline with its high saturation pressure, will easily evaporate rapidly at room temperature, whereas butanol with its lower saturation pressure will be less inclined to. This idea is also supported by the evaporation heat of gasoline and butanol. It is shown that more heat is required for the latter to substance to evaporate than the former. With all the price advantages that

We could have used the same mass of the popcorn to minimize the risks of errors. We could also have prevented heat loss to the surrounding by putting a poor heat conductor around the test tube. Since we used the same test-tube over and over again, the test tube turned black due to the carbon slate on the test tube. This would affect the heat energy being supplied to the water. It had no effect in my experiment because i used the same test tube all the time. To reduce chances off this possible error, we should have used different test tubes for the experiment. During my experiment, I labelled the popcorn with a pencil and I think this had an impact on the mass, next time I should put each of my popcorns on a separate piece of paper and label the paper. My experiment was not very accurate as sometimes i put the Bunsen burner too close the test tube which would have increased the temperature o the water.

Introduction: The theory behind this experiment is the heat of a reaction (∆E) plus the work (W) done by a reaction is equal to

Three sources of error that might have led to the systematic error during the lab include: lack of insulation, lack of even heating, and loss of heat to the environment. First, in my experiment I had to set the sample foods aflame in a coffee tin, which would heat the water inside the soda can. There was a large amount of heat that escaped through the top of the soda can, which made the water have a smaller temperature change. Secondly, there was incomplete burning of food in my experiment. The marshmallows did not burn; instead they caramelized on the outside, so not all the energy contained was released. Incomplete burning also occurred with the animal crackers. Lastly, my inefficiency was caused by heat loss to the environment. When trying

One of our sources said that alcohol burns really good and produces little CO2 and no odor. According to our results, not only is it really efficient, but it had no odor nor did we notice the same amount of emissions as gas and diesel. The diesel performed the least, but research has shown that diesel performs greater with different engines. The engines are engineered to have better traction, thrust, etc. that makes the diesel better. So, gasoline was the only real competition for the alcohol. Gasoline lasted a little less than a minute and alcohol lasted a little more than a minute, and gas heated the water less than the alcohol. Gas is barely better per second, but long term alcohol performs better. The literature points to alcohol performing better and the next breakthrough in alternative

My values were on the lower side, comparatively. Which may be due to altitude, beaker absorption or heat lost to the atmosphere.

Well we all know that the energy system is very unstable because the total energy available on the earth is limited, and man has exploited all the conventional technologies to fulfill his needs. By the use of these conventional technologies, the world also has a disability, with problems such as global warming. Consumption of energy by man increased gradually as his wants also increase. The conventional energy resources mainly include fossil fuels, but research shows that this fuel source will be depleted completely in approximately 20-25 years. This could cause major setbacks around the world. As a result, we need an alternative source of fuel that could keep the world running on its wheel. One possibility is ethanol. Chemically extract

Another set of experiment was carried out as described in experiment B but the mixture in calorimeter was substituted with 100 cm3 of distilled water.

In today's society, when someone wants to go to the movies, work, school, library, or mall, they drive to their destination. The average amount of gasoline consumed per year is about 146 gallons in the U.S. (Biofuels for Transportation, p1). Discoveries of huge petroleum deposits kept gasoline cheap for decades and biofuels were forgotten (Leen, p1). However, with the recent oil prices, along with growing concern of global warming caused by carbon dioxide emissions, biofuel regained popularity (Leen, p1). Ethanol, a renewable fuel made from plants was added to gasoline to increase octane and help the engines burn more efficiently and cleanly (West,p1).