Kidney Failure Essay

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide problem that is currently three times higher for African Americans, Hispanics, Pacific Islanders, American Indians and seniors (The National Kidney Foundation, 2013). CKD occurs when the kidneys are damaged by a pathogen or injury and they can no longer adequately maintain proper levels of regulated chemicals in the bloodstream. There are many risk associated with CKD. According to the National Kidney Foundation, two of the major risks are Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) and Cardiovascular Disease. Currently twenty million American adults have CKD and millions of others are at increased risk. Age has no barrier on getting CKD. People with pre-existing health issues, and a part of certain population

     Out of every thousand people in the United States, one person can say that they have experienced one of the most painful episodes one can go through. Some have said that compared to this, pregnancy is easy. Over half a million people will experience kidney stones this year, and a third of them will be hospitalized.

The functions of the renal system, which are performed by the kidneys, are to regulate and maintain the balance of electrolytes and the pH of the fluid that has been processed. It assists in the production of new red blood cells and it also involved in the maintenance of blood pressure.

The renal system also known as the urinary systems purpose is to eliminate wastes from the body, regulate blood pressure, and regulate blood pH.

Acute renal failure, also known as acute kidney injury is described to be a rapid loss of

Peritoneal dialysis usually takes a bit longer, the waiting period varies between six through twenty-four hours. In Peritoneal dialysis, the lining of the abdomen is used as the blood filter. A flexible tube called a catheter is inserted into the patient's abdomen. Using the catheter the abdominal cavity is filled with dialysate. All the waste that was in the bloodstream is moved to the dialysate fluid, and after a wait of 6 to 24 hours (depending on treatment)

Kidney dialysis is one in the most typical methods on what to treat kidney disease. Your doctor might recommend you to bear a kidney dialysis treatment which is a method that filters waste merchandise coming from a blood by making use of a machine. This method requires about three to four hrs and it is done several occasions in per week.

The human body contains a variety of biological systems each responsible to handle important functions for everyday living. The organs system works together to form a common function. If any of these systems are compromised, the human body will begin to fail and eventually death will happen. If the failure happens one system can’t be fixed by another system. For example, the urinary system which includes the kidneys, bladder, ureters and also the urethra. This is also called the renal system. The renal system helps to remove waste products from the body, regulate electrolytes, regulate acid-base homeostasis, blood volume and maintain blood pressure. Kidney disease that leads to renal failure can be life changing but with kidney dialysis

End-stage kidney or renal disease (ESRD) is the final stage of chronic kidney disease in which the kidneys no longer function well enough to meet the needs of daily life. End stage renal disease (ESRD) is the last stage (stage five) of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Kidneys function at below 15 percent of their normal capacity, is said to be in the 5th stage which is referred to as the End- stage kidney disease. During this stage, the damaged kidney cannot effectively do their job, such as remove waste or excess fluid from your blood. Stage 5 results when the kidneys cannot remove the body’s metabolic wastes or perform their regulatory functions; renal replacement therapies are required to sustain life (Hinkle & Cheever, 2014).

The kidney is a body organ that filters blood for the secretion of urine and that regulates ion concentrations. When the kidneys can no longer function properly, it causes a kidney disease which can shut down and waste can be released into the blood flow. When kidneys can no longer function to sustain day to day life, it is diagnosed as chronic kidney disease (CKD) or end stage renal disease (ESRD).

There are some medical conditions and situations which can cause an irreversible organ damage and failure. Currently, the only long term treatment for an end-stage organ failure is an organ transplant (Dalal, 2015). The most common transplant operation is the kidney transplant. Currently, in the United States, there are approximately 124,000 patients in the waiting list for organ transplant and there are not enough organs to keep up with the demands (Wall, Plunkett, & Caplan, 2015). Due to donor shortage only a small percent of patients would receive organs. Each year about 10,500 patients would die or become too sick for transplantation. Every 10 minutes someone is added to the transplant waiting list (Wall et al., 2015). Currently, organ

Kidney dialysis is a life saving treatment for chronic kidney failure. Kidney is an organ which is responsible for filtering the waste material and excess fluid from the blood but failure of this organ to do so leads to accumulation of the waste

The kidneys serve the primary functions of regulating plasma volume, electrolyte balance, producing hormones, acid and base balance, removing waste, and retaining water to produce urine. These wastes come from the breakdown products of metabolically active muscle, and from food consumed. Your body utilizes what it needs, and the waste is sent into the urine. The body will regulate water volume within the body by helping the body retain water when plasma osmolarity decreases, as well as excrete water when plasma osmolarity is high. Water and other materials are reabsorbed or excreted as it passes through the tubules of the nephron in the kidney to help maintain the composition of the blood.

Renal failure is common among adults in the United States. More than 10% of people, or more than 20 million, aged 20 years or older in the United States have renal failure. Renal failure is more common among women than men. More than 35% of people aged 20 years or older with diabetes have renal failure. More than 20% of people aged 20 years or older with hypertension have renal failure. Overall, the percent of renal failure among adults is greater than 10%. (National Chronic Kidney Disease Fact Sheet, 2010). In 2008, the adjusted rate of new chronic renal failure (CRF) cases was 351 per million populations. (USRDS, 2010)

Next, we answer the question, how is it done? Well hemodialysis is done by first having a looped graft surgically inserted into the arm. Then, 2 needles are inserted into a vein. One is used to remove the blood and one is used to return the clean blood. When the blood is removed it is monitored by an arterial pressure monitor. It then goes through a blood pump to a Heparin pump to prevent clotting. The next step is passing through a dialyzer inflow pressure monitor. After that, the blood goes through the dialyzer which is said by the NIKKD to “filter(s) out wastes, extra salt, and extra water.” The now clean blood travels through the tubes to a venous pressure monitor and air trap/air detector. Lastly the air and toxic free blood is processed through an air detector clamp and put back into the body. Hemodialysis is done three to five times a week for four to five hours at a time in a designated facility. Peritoneal Dialysis is can be done by the patient in their own home and without any help. The process starts with surgically inputting a catheter in the chest or abdomen of the patient for putting in and taking out the