and the Embrace of History in Octavia Butler’s Kindred by Benjamin Robertson there is a shift taking place in the scholarship on Kindred away from purely examining the way the novel interacts with and connects, or fails to connect, itself and it’s readers to the past. Robertson’s main areas of interest include science fiction, fantasy, horror, and twentieth and twenty-first century literature (Robertson, Curriculum). Conceding that most of the scholarship on Kindred reduces her work, “to a meditation